Question

【题目】IX.任务型阅读(共5小题, 每小题2分,计10分）(2014北京房山一模)

You may think that inventions are far away from your everyday life. But in fact, almost everyone can invent. It’s just that they do not realize that their idea could be the start of an invention. Once inventors see their ideas have some practical value, they don’t let them run away.

For example, the inventors of the dishwasher, American Josephine Cochrane, loved to give dinner parties. But she found it took too long to wash her dishes by hand. She decided that a machine could do the job faster. So, in 1886, she began to make one for herself.

Here are the steps to create inventions. The first and most important step is to find the problem. Start by looking at what is wrong with things you see now and ask people around if they remember ever saying, “I wish someone would invent something for...” Then you might notice situations(情况) or things in need of improvement. The next step is to think about possible solutions. An invention is a new way of solving a problem. So think of many and unusual ways. You can often come up with a solution to a problem by looking at it from a different side.

The hardest part of inventing is coming up with a problem and finding a solution. Once you have an idea, you can always get help building your invention. This problem-solving technique can also work in your everyday lives. So, why not try it in your studies, in your relationship with others, or even in the way you look at the world?

1题为完成句子;2题用英语表达文中画线单词one所指代的内容;3题找出并写下 第三段的主题句;4题为简略回答问题;5题为将文中画线句子译成汉语。

【1】Josephine Cochrane found it took too long to wash her dishes ________________.

【2】____________________________________________________________________

【3】___________________________________________________________________

【4】What is the hardest part of inventing?

_________________________________________________________________________

【5】_____________________________________________________________________

Answer 1

【答案】

【1】by hand

【2】a dishwasher

【3】Here are the steps to create inventions.

【4】It is coming up with a problem and finding a solution.

【5】通过从不同的角度看待一个问题，你经常可以想出这个问题的解决方案。

【解析】本文介绍了人人都有可能发明东西。并且介绍了发明的步骤，其中最难的部分是想出问题，然后找到解决方法。

【1】根据第二段的But she found it took too long to wash her dishes by hand.可知Josephine Cochrane认为用手洗碗花费的时间太长，故此处为by hand。

【2】根据第二段的For example, the inventors of the dishwasher, American Josephine Cochrane, 和She decided that a machine could do the job faster. So, in 1886, she began to make one for herself.可知她决定一个机器能洗碗更快，所以他为自己就制作了一个机器，故此处one代指的是洗碗机，故为a dishwasher

【3】根据第三段的The first and most important step is to find the problem.和 Then you might notice situations(情况) or things in need of improvement. The next step is to think about possible solutions.可知本段是介绍发明的过程，故标题句是Here are the steps to create inventions.

【4】根据最后一段的The hardest part of inventing is coming up with a problem and finding a solution.可知发明最困难的部分是想出问题，然后找到解决方法，故此处为

It is coming up with a problem and finding a solution.

【5】come up with“想出”， a solution to a problem“一个问题的解决方案”。by doing sth“通过做某事”，look at看待； from a different side“从不同的角度”，故此处的意思为：通过从不同的角度看待一个问题，你经常可以想出这个问题的解决方案。