Question

【题目】 A black hole is a place in outer space with very strong gravity. Gravity is a great force(力量) that shapes the universe. On Earth, gravity makes apples fall from trees. It keeps your feet planted on the ground. The gravity in a black hole is much stronger. It is so strong that nothing around it can get away from it, not even light.

Black holes are invisible. We can't actually see them because they don’t throw back light. But scientists can find them with space telescopes (望远镜)and special tools. The strong gravity makes nearby stars move in a certain way. By studying how the stars move, scientists can find out if they are flying around a black hole. Strange things happen around black holes. This makes black holes a popular subject of science fiction(科幻) stories, although they are very unreal.

A black hole forms when a star dies. The star falls in on itself and turns into a very small point. Because of its small size and huge mass(质量), the gravity will be so strong that it will pull light in and become a black hole. Black holes can grow huge as they continue to pull other things in and “eat” them. Many scientists believe that there are super-massive black holes at the center of galaxies, including the Milky Way.

The idea of the black hole was first suggested by two different scientists in the 18th century: John Michelle and Pierre-Simon Laplace. In 1967, a physicist named John Archibald Wheeler came up with the name “black hole”. Studying black holes can tell us many things about our galaxy and help scientists answer questions about the universe.

【1】The word “invisible” in Paragraph 2 probably means “_________”.

A.far to goB.easy to findC.difficult to catchD.impossible to see

【2】The third paragraph is mainly about_________.

A.how big black holes areB.how heavy black holes are

C.how black holes are formedD.how black holes “eat” stars

【3】From the passage we learn_________.

A.a star's moving path can help scientists find a black hole

B.writers love writing about black holes because they are real

C.there aren't any black holes at the center of the Milky Way

D.John Archibald Wheeler found the first black hole in space

Answer 1

【答案】

【1】D

【2】C

【3】A

【解析】

这篇短文给我们介绍了“黑洞”的一些知识，一开始在18世纪两个科学家提出了黑洞的理论，在1967年，一个叫John Archibald Wheeler提出了“黑洞”这个词。黑洞是外太空引力非常强的地方，我们看不见黑洞。研究黑洞可以帮助科学家更多地了解宇宙。

【1】词义猜测题。根据划线单词所在的语境 “Black holes are invisible. We can't actually see them because they don’t throw back light.” “黑洞是……的，我们不能看到它们因为它们不反射光”。由此可知invisible意为can’t see，及“看不见的”。故选D。

【2】细节理解题。根据短文第三段的开头A black hole forms when a star dies.以及这一段的内容可知，这一段中主要介绍了黑洞是如何形成的。故选C。

【3】推理判断题。根据短文第二段中 “By studying how the stars move, scientists can find out if they are flying around a black hole.”可知，通过研究恒星如何运动，科学家们可以发现它们是否在黑洞周围飞行，即可以发现黑洞。A选项符合文意，故选A。根据第二段 “This makes black holes a popular subject of science fiction(科幻) stories, although they are very unreal.”可知B不对；根据第三段 “Many scientists believe that there are super-massive black holes at the center of galaxies, including the Milky Way.”可知C不对；根据最后一段 “In 1967, a physicist named John Archibald Wheeler came up with the name “black hole”.可知D不对。

这是一篇科普说明文，短文介绍了有关黑洞的一些知识。文章内容远离学生们的日常生活，专业性较强，在理解上有一定的难度。但这样的文章主题比较明确，中心突出，学生们做题时可把握主题，结合题目所问，仔细阅读相关内容，辨析选项作答。题目考查了细节理解、推理判断以及词义猜测。如第1小题的猜词题，文章中给出的是线索是非常明显的，结合语境“Black holes are invisible. We can't actually see them because they don’t throw back light.” “黑洞是……的，我们不能看到它们因为它们不反射光”。由此可知invisible意为can’t see，及“看不见的”。故选D。第3题是一个推理题，做题时可将每个选项一一从原文进行定位，结合文意用排除法作答。