Question

【题目】任务型阅读

Mystery of mirages

Earlier this month on a Sunday afternoon, a giant “ancient city” appeared on the surface of Hongze Lake in Jiangsu province. But after about half an hour, the “city” was gone.

You might think that some unknown forces were at work, but it’s believed that the “city on the lake” was actually a mirage.

A mirage is a trick that light and air play with bur vision（视觉）. Normally, light travels in a straight line, but it can bend（弯曲）and change direction depending on what it passes through. This bending is called "refraction （折射）”.

If different layers（层）of air are at different temperatures, light will bend at different angles（角度）when passing through them. This can create a false image（影像）of a nearby object.

Take the “city on the lake” as an example. The layer of air near the lake is colder than the higher layers, as the lake absorbs（吸收）most of the heat. The buildings in the mirage were actually on a nearby mountain. But their image showed up above the lake after light refracted in different layers of air.

Mirages happen not only over large bodies of water, but anywhere where the ground can absorb a lot of heat. They are often seen on hot roads and in deserts. The next time you think you see a pool of water on the road on a hot summer day, you will know it's just a mirage—an image of the sky caused by bending light.

Mystery of mirages
A piece of news	A giant【1】city appeared on Hongze Lake but disappeared about half an hour later. It’s believed that the city on the lake was in fact a mirage.
What mirage is.	A mirage is a【2】image of a nearby object that you can see on lakes, roads and in【3】.
【4】it is created.	Light usually travels in a【5】line. But when it【6】through different layers of air that are at different【7】, it can bend at different angles and change【8】. Then a mirage is【9】.
【10】it can be seen.	Mirages can happen in any place where the ground can absorb a lot of heat.

Answer 1

【答案】

【1】ancient

【2】false

【3】deserts

【4】How

【5】straight

【6】passes

【7】temperatures

【8】direction

【9】created

【10】Where

【解析】

你听说过海市蜃楼吗？这篇短文给我们讲述了海市蜃楼形成的原因，其实它的原理是光的折射。

【1】根据短文开头 “Earlier this month on a Sunday afternoon, a giant “ancient city” appeared on the surface of Hongze Lake in Jiangsu province.”可知，洪泽湖上形成了一个巨大的古老的城市。由此可知，这里应填ancient，意为“古老的”。故答案为ancient。

【2】根据短文第四段 “This can create a false image（影像）of a nearby object.”可知，海市蜃楼形成的影像是假的。故答案为false。

【3】根据短文第一段可知，在江苏省的洪泽湖上出现了海市蜃楼；再根据最后一段 “They are often seen on hot roads and in deserts.”可知，海市蜃楼还可以出现在热的道路或者是沙漠里。故答案为deserts。

【4】根据文章结构以及这一栏后面的内容可知，这里介绍了海市蜃楼是如何形成的，因此这里应用疑问词How。故答案为How。

【5】根据短文第三段 “Normally, light travels in a straight line”可知，光通常是沿直线传播的。故答案为straight。

【6】根据短文第四段 “If different layers（层）of air are at different temperatures, light will bend at different angles（角度）when passing through them.”可知，当光穿过不同温度的空气层的时候，光就会以不同的角度弯曲。题干是when引导的时间状语从句，从句中用一般现在时，主语it是单数，谓语动词用单数。故答案为passes。

【7】根据短文第四段 “If different layers（层）of air are at different temperatures, light will bend at different angles（角度）when passing through them.”可知，当光穿过不同温度的空气层的时候，光就会以不同的角度弯曲。故答案为temperatures。

【8】根据短文第三段 “Normally, light travels in a straight line, but it can bend（弯曲）and change direction depending on what it passes through.”可知，当光穿过不同温度的空气层的时候，光会弯曲并且改变方向。故答案为direction。

【9】根据短文第四段 “This can create a false imagine（影像）of a nearby object.”可知，当光穿过不同温度的空气层的时候，光就会以不同的角度弯曲，这样就会在物体附近形成一个假的影像。题干中使用了被动语态，这个空应用过去分词形式。故答案为created。

【10】根据文章结构以及这一栏后面的内容可知，这一部分介绍的是在哪些地方容易形成海市蜃楼，这里应用疑问词where。故答案为Where。