Question

【题目】 Weather has a strong effect（影响）on people. It influences health，intelligence（智力）and feelings.

In August，it is very hot and wet in the southern part of the United States. People there easily have heart trouble and other kinds of health problems during this month. In the Northeast and the Middle West，it is very hot at some times and very cold at other times. Some people in those states will have heart trouble after the weather changes in February or March.

The weather can also influence intelligence. For example，in a 1983 study by scientists，the IQ scores of some college students were very high during a storm，but after the storm，their scores were low. Storms can increase intelligence. Very hot weather，on the other hand，can lower it. Students in many schools of the United States often do badly in exams in the hot months of the year（July and August）.

Weather also has a strong influence on people's feelings. Winter may be a bad time for thin people. They usually feel cold during these months. They might feel depressed during cold weather. In hot summer weather，on the other hand，fat people may feel unhappy. There is a "perfect weather" for people's work and health. People feel best at a temperature of about 18℃.

Are you feeling sick，sad，tired，forgetful，or very intelligent today？The weather may be the reason.

【1】What can cause problems on health？

A. Hot and wet weatherB. A strong windC. Warm weatherD. Low air pressure

【2】Intelligence may be lower _______.

A. during a stormB. when it is sunnyC. on a very hot dayD. when you take an exam

【3】The underlined word“depressed”in the fourth paragraph means _______.

A. 兴奋的B. 愉快的C. 忧郁的D. 担心的

【4】In“perfect weather”，_________.

A. both the fat and the thin are healthyB. the students do very well in exams

C. the air pressure is lowD. the temperature is about18℃

【5】What's the passage mainly talking about？

A. How weather causes health problems

B. Weather makes people feel bad

C. Weather influences feelings

D. Weather influences health，intelligence and feelings.

Answer 1

【答案】

【1】A

【2】C

【3】C

【4】D

【5】D

【解析】

本文主要介绍天气对健康、智力和感觉的影响。

【1】细节理解题。根据第二段In August，it is very hot and wet in the southern part of the United States. People there easily have heart trouble and other kinds of health problems during this month.通过举例子说湿热的天气使人们容易患心脏和其他方面的健康问题，故选A。

【2】细节理解题。根据第三段Storms can increase intelligence .Very hot weather，on the other hand，can lower it.可知炎热的天气会降低智商，故选C。

【3】词义猜测题。根据They might feel depressed during cold weather. In hot summer weather，on the other hand，fat people may feel unhappy。可知在冷天气和热天气，对于胖瘦不同的人来说，他们的感觉是相反的，天气热的时候，胖子会不开心，相反在寒冷的时候，瘦子也不会太好，结合选项，故选C。

【4】细节理解题。根据第四段There is a "perfect weather" for people's work and health. People feel best at a temperature of about 18℃.可知人们在18℃的时候感觉最好，称为“完美天气”，故选D。

【5】主旨大意题。根据第一段Weather has a strong effect（影响）on people. It influences health，intelligence（智力）and feelings.可知主要说的是天气对健康、智力和感觉的影响，并在下文具体描述，最后一段又强调天气对这三方面的影响，所以本文的主题是天气对健康，智力和感觉的影响，故选D。

如何做主旨大意题

做此类题目时

首先，任何一篇文章都是围绕某个主题展开的，因此，许多文章中最明显的特点之一是有一个反复出现的中心词，即高频词，也叫做主题词。抓住了它，便容易抓住文章的中心。

第二，要搞清是问某一段还是全文的大意。可利用段落信息来把握文脉，进行综合归纳，概括文章的主题。如有标题，标题中的蕴含的信息往往是关键信息。

第三, 要学会借助文章的结构来把握中心思想。段落中心思想常常由主题句( Topic sentence)来表达。主题句常常出现在段首(60%--90%)或段尾处, 有时也在段落中间。同样, 一篇文章的中心思想也常常在开始段或结尾段点出。因此, 在阅读中, 我们要对文章的开始段和结尾段及段落的主题句给予特别的注意。