Question

【题目】

Protection groups in North America are arguing about the benefits and dangers of wolves. Some groups believe wolves should be killed. Others believe wolves must be protected.

wolves

For Killing Wolves

In Alaska, the wolf almost disappeared a few years ago because people were killing hundreds of them. However, laws were made to protect the wolves. So the wolf population has greatly increased. Now there are so many wolves that they are destroying their own food supply.

A wolf naturally eats animals in the deer family. Many of the animals have been destroyed by the very cold winters and by changes in the wild plant life. When the deer can’t find enough good, they will die.

If the wolves continue to kill large numbers of deer, their prey will disappear some day. The wolves will, too. So we must change the cycle (循环) of life in the wild land. In another northern state, wolves kill cows and chickens for food. Farmers believe it necessary to kill wolves in some areas.

Against Killing Wolves

According to most stories, hungry wolves often kill people for food. Even today, the stories of the “big bad wolf” still spread among the people.

Actually wolves are afraid of people and they seldom travel in areas where there is a human smell. When wolves eat other animals, they usually kill the very young or the sick. The strongest isn’t killed. No animal would have lived through the centuries if the weak members had lived. It has always been a law of nature.

Researchers have found wolves and their prey living in balance. The wolves keep the deer population from becoming too large, and that keeps a balance in the wild plant life.

The real problem is that the areas where wolves can live are being used by people. Even if wild land is not used for human needs, the wolves can’t always find enough food. So they travel to the nearest place, which is often a farm. Then there is danger. The “big bad wolf” has arrived! And everyone knows what happens next.

【1】Why has the wolf population greatly increased?

A.Laws were made to protect the wolves.B.Wolves could find enough food on farms.

C.They could eat strong and healthy animals.D.People leave the areas where wolves live.

【2】The word “prey” in Paragraph 4 probably means ______.

A.farmers who are destroying forestB.people who are living near wolves

C.animals that are killed for foodD.wolves that are killed by people

【3】Some people are against killing wolves because ______.

A.There are too many deer in the wild landB.Wolves help to keep the balance in the wild land

C.Wolves are afraid of people and never kill peopleD.There is a very small wolf population in the wild land

【4】What is probably the best title for this passage?

A.Why did wolves almost disappear?B.Should wolves be killed or protected?

C.Does wolves change the cycle of life?D.Why does wolves kill people for food?

Answer 1

【答案】

【1】A

【2】C

【3】B

【4】B

【解析】

北美的保护组织正在争论狼的好处和危险。一些团体认为应该捕杀狼。其他人认为狼必须受到保护。赞成者认为现在狼太多了，它们正在破坏自己的食物供应。狼自然而然地吃鹿家族的动物。如果狼继续捕杀大量的鹿，它们的猎物总有一天会消失。狼也会的。反对者认为根据大多数故事，饥饿的狼经常为了食物而杀人。时至今日，“大灰狼”的故事仍在民间流传。事实上，狼害怕人类，它们很少在有人类气味的地方旅行。当狼吃其他动物时，它们通常会杀死幼小或生病的人。

【1】本题考查细节题。根据题干信息“wolf population greatly increased ”可定位至文章第二段第二句和第三句“However, laws were made to protect the wolves. So the wolf population has greatly increased.”和选项A同义，因此，确定选项A为正确答案。

【2】本题考查猜词题。根据第四段第一句“If the wolves continue to kill large numbers of deer, their prey will disappear someday.”可知，“their prey”指的就是“deer”由文章可知，“deer”是“wolves”的食物。A选项意思是“毁坏森林的农民们”；B选项意思是“生活在狼附近的人们”；C选项意思是“被杀来吃的动物”；D选项意思是“被人类杀死的狼”，因此，确定选项C为正确答案。

【3】本题考查细节题。根据题干“against killing wolves because”定位至原文中第二个黑色小标题处，又根据该部分倒数第二段中“The wolves keep the deer population from becoming too large, and that keeps a balance in the wild plant life.”可知和选项B同义，因此，确定选项B为正确答案。

【4】本题考查主旨题。根据题干中“best title”可知本题需分析全文结构。本文结构清晰，一目了然。第一段总起提出应该杀死还是保护狼的两种观点。接下来第一个黑色小标题“For Killing Wolves”讲述杀狼的理由。第二个黑色小标题“Against Killing Wolves”讲述反对杀狼的的理由。最后一段提出真正的原因。所以全文结构为总-分-总。文章围绕应该保护还是杀狼进行讨论，选项B符合文章主旨，因此，确定选项B为正确答案。

（一）主旨题

主旨题主要考查学生对短文中心思想或作者意图的掌握。做此类题时，应通读全文，理解文章大意，充分理解主题句的意义。短文往往围绕主题句展开，主题句通常出现在短文第一句或最后一句。

（二）细节题

细节题是用来进一步表达主题，体现中心思想的，往往针对短文某个细节来设题。做此类题时，应快速捕捉信息，可能是一些事例、数字等，阅读时要有针对性。

（三）猜测词义题

猜测词义题主要考查学生根据上下文正确判断灵活变化的词义能力。一般情况下，推断词义的题目中所出现的单词，大多数是学生未曾见过的生词，学生需要在该词出现的上下文中去寻找线索。通过阅读上下文，断定该词的真正含义，然后将这个释义代入文中，检查是否贴切，仔细比较直到得出该词的确切的含义。

1.通过因果关系猜词

通过因果关系猜词，首先是找出生词与上下文之间的逻辑关系，然后才能猜词。有时文章借助关联词(如because，as，since，for，so，thus，asaresult，ofcourse，therefore等等)表示前因后果

2.通过同义词和反义词的关系猜词

通过同义词猜词，一是要看由and或or连接的同义词词组，二是看在进一步解释的过程中使用的同义词，通过反义词猜词，一是看表转折关系的连词或副词，如but，while，however等；二是看与not搭配的或表示否定意义的词语