74.虚拟语气句型

　 虚拟语气句型1.

If + were/did(动词的过去式),主语+would /might /should/ could + do表示对现在的假设

　 If I were you, I would not be so proud.

　 I don’t have a cell phone. If I had one, it would be convenient for me to get in touch with others.

　 If I were in your position, I would think better of it.

　 虚拟语气句型2.

　 If + had done, 主语 + would/might/should/could + have done

　 表示对过去或已发生事情的虚拟假设

　 What a pity it is that you didn’t attend the concert yesterday! If you had attend the concert, you would have seen the famous singer.

　 Anyone in his position would have done the same.=

　 =If anyone had been I his position, he would have done the same.

　 虚拟语气句型3

　 If + were/ did/ (动词过去式)/should/ were to do,主语= would/might/should/could+do

　(表示对将来的假设)

　 If we were to panic,we would not be able to give proper first aid.

　 If it were to rain (=should rain = rained ) tomorrow, we would not go for a picnic.

　 If you shouldn’t pass the college entrance examination, what would you do?

　 虚拟语气条件句的倒装: 在虚拟条件句中,如出现有were,had,shoud,可省略if,可将主语于这些词倒装,构成虚拟倒装句.

　 Should he act like that again, he would be fined.

　 Had I known more about giving first aid, I could have helped them.

　 Were I to go to the moon one day, I would see it with my own eyes.

　 Had I enough money (=if I had enough money ), I would buy a large house.

　 虚拟语气句型4

　 If only引起的感叹句,相当于how I wish+宾语从句, 意为 “但愿….,要是…就好了”

　 If only he could come!

　 If only we students didn’t have so much homework!

　 If only I hadn’t been so careless in the exam!

　 虚拟语气句型5.

　 If it were not for…(= were it not for….)

　 If it hadn’t been for… (= had it not been for…)

　 要不是因为有…..; 如果不是……

　 If it hadn’t been for (had it not been for ) the determined captain, all the passengers on board wouldn’t have been saved.

　 If it were not for your rich parents, you couldn’t live so easy a life.

　虚拟语气句型6 　　but for,　　 but that

　 But for + 名词和but that+从句,意为”倘若不是,要不是”,接虚拟语气.

　 But for the Communist Party of China , the People’s Republic of China couldn’t have been founded.

　 But for air and water, nothing could survive.

　 She couldn’t have believed it, but that she saw it.

　虚拟语气句型7

　 在suggest, propose, insist, demand, require, request, order等表示建议,要求,命令的名词性从句需要虚拟语气,基本句型: 主语+(should)+动词原形

　 Mother insisted that John (should) go to bed at 9 o’clock.

　 Many hospital recommended that we use the letter DR ABC to remember what to do when giving first aid.

　 It was required that children (should) be sent to school when they reach the age for school.

　 The suggestion that he (should) be invited was rejected.

　 That is their demand that their wages (should) be increased.

　 虚拟语气8

　 It’s necessary/important that sb. Should do…(should可省略)

　 With the society developing very fast, it’s quite necessary/ important that we (should) have a good knowledge of English and computer.

　 It’s necessary that John take the exam first.

　 虚拟语气9.

　 It’s strange / a pity/ surprising that sb should do…..(should 表示竟然)

　 It’s a pity that she should miss the chance to go abroad.

　 It’s really surprising that a prophecy should coincide with the fact so exactly.

　 It’s strange that he shouldn’t pass the exam.

　虚拟语气10.

　 Wish + 宾语从句,表示不大可能实现的愿望

　 表示现在的愿望: 主语+动词过去式

　 表示过去的愿望: 主语+ had + 过去分词

　 表示未来的愿望: 主语+ would ( could) + 动词原型

　 How I wish we students had more free time to relax ourselves!

　 I failed in the maths exam. How I wish I hadn’t wasted so much time playing.

　 What a pity you can’t go to the party. How I wish I could dance with you at the party.

　 虚拟语气11.

　 It’s (high/ about) ime that sb did/ should do ….早就该….

　 It’s time that we took action and did our bits for the AIDS patients.

　 It’s high time that we did something to improve our environment.

　 虚拟语气12

　 Would rather that sb did….　 “宁愿…..; 更愿意” 表示现在或将来的愿望

　 Would rather that sb had done…. “宁愿…..; 更愿意” 表示过去的愿望.

　 I’d rather you posted the letter right away.

　 I’d rather you were not a celebrated actor. In that case, we could spend more time together.

　 I’d rather that I hadn’t seen her.

　 虚拟语气13.

　 As if (though) + 主语 + did / had done…表示过去的情况用过去完成时,表示现在和将来的情况用过去时

　 Our head teacher treats us as if we were her own children , so all the students in our class think highly of her.

　 Alan talked about Rome as if he had been there.

　 All too often, people treat AIDS patients as if they were bad or dangerous.

73. 全部倒装句1

　 Here, there, out, in, up, down, now, then等副词放于句首,句子全部倒装.

　 There goes the bell! = the bell is ringing!

　 Here comes the bus = the bus is coming

　 Out rushed the students on hearing the cry for help in the darkness.

　 Now comes your turn to make a few remarks here.

　 Away ran the thief the moment he saw the policemen.

　 Then came the hour we had been looking forward to.

　注意:(1)在这种情况下倒装仅限于不及物动词或be动词,象go, come, rush等

　　　 (2)主语如是代词不倒装

　　　 Away he went

　 全部倒装句2

　 方位状语在句首,句子全倒装:

　 In front of the house stopped a police car.

　 Nearby were two canoes in which they had come to the island.

　 　全部倒装句3; adj / V-ing / V-ed (+地点状语) + be….

　 Present at the meeting were the manager, all the designers and the writer.

　 Sitting at the back of the classroom were several old teachers, listening attentively to the new teacher.

　 Gone are the days when farmers live at the mercy of nature.

　 半倒装句1

　 否定副词或否定短语在句首,句子半倒装,如:little, never, hardly, rarely, seldom, not at all, by no means等.

　 Never did China have a power shortage that affected so many areas and caused so much loss.

　 At no time was the man aware of what was happening.

　 Little did I understand what he said to me at that time.

　 It’s beyond description. Nowhere else in the world can there be such a quiet, beautiful place.

　 Not a single mistake did he make in the exam.

　 By no means (= Not at all ) are these works of art satisfactory.

　 半倒装句型:2　　　　 not only….., but also……

　 Not only is better education important for improving ourselves but also for developing our society.

　 They suggested not only should we attend the party but also give a performance.

　 If we continue using too much underground water, not only will the land sink, but also sea water will come in.

　 半倒装句型3:　 neither, nor 放在句首　

　 “If you don’t attend to your sick mother, neither will I ,” said his wife in red-hot anger.

　 ------why didn’t you buy it?

　 ------Neither was the price satisfactory, nor did the color agree with me.

　 Without international cooperation, developing countries cannot prosper, nor will sustainable development be possible.

　 半倒装句型4 :　　 only + 状语放在句首,主句半倒装

　 Only by changing the way we live can we save the earth.

　 Only by learning to live in harmony with nature can we save the earth.

　 　半倒装句型5 :　 many a time, often, once in a while 等频度副词放在句首

　 Many a time has he given me a hand when I was in trouble.

　 Now and then will he be late for school and be scolded by the teacher.

　 Often have we seen these boys do good things.

　 半倒装句型6 :　　 so/as + 助动词+主语　　 ……也……

　 A better understanding of the environment is necessary, so/as is the willingness to act.

　 He believed, as did his family, that you were telling the truth.

　 In the past 20 years, our society has changed a lot, so/as have our eating habits.

　 So + 主语 + 助动词.　 表肯定已有的观点或事实

　 -----we have all worked hard these days.

　 -----so we have.

　 主语 + 助动词 + so (按照别人的要求去做)

　 The wounded little boy asked me to lift him up and I did so.

　 So it is with sb = it’s the same with sb(前者怎么样,后者也怎样)

　 (前面既有否定句又有肯定句,或有多个谓语动词,助动词难以选择时,用此句型)

　 He likes English but doesn’t like maths, so it is with me / it’s the same with me.

　 He is a student and he studies hard, so it is with me.

　 -----He was rally manly enough to be responsible for what he had done.

　 -----So he was, and it was with you.

72. far be it from me to do….but….= on no account / by no means am I to do…, but….

　 我决不想……; 我无意干…..,但是….

　 (1)far be it from me to interfere in your affairs but I would like to give you only one piece of advice.

　 (2) far be it from me to say but I am proud of being admitted to Oxford, this hallowed university of learning.(神圣的学府)

71.you have to be + adj + to do……要想…..,你还需……

　 (1) you have to be rich to live in such an expensive and beautiful house.

　 (2)yuo have to be old to fight with me.

　 (3) you have to be young to climb up the mountain as fast as I.

70. it’s only/just a matter of doing… ….只不过是…..;　 ….无非是…..

　 (1)Learning English is just a matter of doing more listening, speaking, reading and writing.

　 (2)Bring up a child is not only a matter of feeding, clothing and housing him. You must give him a self-confidence and also let him know some important values in life.

69. none the + 比较级　 毫不……

　 He is none the worse for falling into the river.

　 After taking the medicine, I’m none the better.

　 After a stay of thirty minutes in the sea, he went out, cold and wet through, but none the worse for the experience.

68. be to do….

　 分析并背诵be to do在下列句子中的意义:

　 (1)I’m to inform(=must inform,表示责任或必要) you that you are to make(表正式的,不以个人意志而改变的安排) a speech at the meeting tomorrow.

　 (2)you are to be congratulated.你应受到祝贺.

　 (3)the book is not to be found. 书不可能找到.(表可能)

　 (4) every member of the party was to pay his own expense.(表示命令)

　 (5) at what time am I to be there?(命令)

　 (6) if it were to rain tomorrow, the meeting would be put off.(表示虚拟)

　 (7)he escaped from his hometown and he was never to see his wife and his family.(表示预示命运)

67. how did sb come to….= how come (that) ….为什么….; 是怎样….

　 固定表达,要求对发生的事情解释或说明理由

　 How did you come to find out where she’s living?

　 =How come that you found out where she’s living?

　 How come that you sat there doing nothing?

　 =how did you come to sit there, doing nothing?

　 How did you come to be so foolish?

　 How come you are late again?

66. when it comes to sth….当谈到…..; 临到….情况

　 When it comes to helping his wife with the housework, John never complains.

　 When it comes to playing computer games, he would be very excited and full of energy.

65.it’s like sb to do sth.这很象….的所作所为

　 It’s quite like him to have been so rude to the strangers.

　 It’s quite like him to answer for what he has done.