1. The next morning I’d just about given myself up for lost when I was spotted by a ship.第二天早上，正当我感到绝望时一船发现了我。

句中when为并列连词，译为“这时”，表示一种未预料到或突然发生的情况，常用于讲述过去发生的事情或故事。

when常用于以下句型：

1)be about to do …when…

2)be on the point of doing…when…

3)be doing…when…

4)had hardly done…when…

考点例题：

I was about to play games ___________ my mother broke in.

A. while　　 B. when　　 C. as　　 D. the time

6. in time最终； 迟早sooner or later; eventually

in time for sth./ to do sth.及时； 不迟

Will I be in time for the train/ to catch the train?

拓展：

race against time争分夺秒　 all the time一直；始终； 老是

at a time一次；每次　　　 at no time永不……

at one time有个时期；曾经； 一度　 at times= sometimes=from time to time

by the time到……的时候为止　 for the time being暂时； 暂且

take one’s time不着急； 慢慢来　 keep bad time(钟、表)走得不准

It’s high time that … 是做某事的时候了

考点例题：

1) _____________________ he was addicted to playing web games. But now he devotes himself to writing, which delights his parents.

2) Don’t try to do everything at once; take it a bit __________________.

3) You’ll have your own office soon but _____________________ you’ll have to share one with me.

4) With the deadline drawing near, the workers are ______________ to get the building completed.

5) The pickpocket was so quick that my father’s wallet was in his hand ____________________________.

5. now that既然，由于(=since)，引导原因状语，从句中that可以省略

Now that you’ve passed the test, you can drive on your own.

拓展：原因状语从句

(1)回答why引导的问句，只能用because

(2)从句用because,可以省略主语，从句用其他表示原因的连接词引导，则不可

(3)as引导的原因状语从句，一般位于主语之前，表示原因的语气比because弱

(4)since 与now that“既然”，可以表示已知或明显的原因。

(5)for是并列连词，表示的是附加的理由，是说话人的推测或判断，它引导的不是从句，而是并列句。

考点例题：

I think Tim must be at home, _____________ his room is bright.

A. since　 B. for　　 C. now that　 D. as

4. prevent …from = stop… from...., keep….from…..使……不做事；阻止……做某事

3. get into trouble惹麻烦

ask for trouble自讨苦吃

get out of trouble摆脱困境；免受责骂

make trouble闹事

take (the) trouble to do sth.不怕费事或困难尽力做某事

Thank you for taking the trouble to revise my composition.

put sb. into the trouble of doing sth.麻烦某人做某事

You shouldn’t constantly put him into the trouble of looking after your pet dog.

考点例题：

1)害怕惹麻烦，所以我十分谨慎。

Afraid of _________________________, I am always very cautious.

2)谢谢你费力把老太太送回家。

Thank you for ________________________ to take the old lady home.

3)我很乐意帮助那些有困难的人。

I am ready to help the people _________________.

4)我不想麻烦你为我擦鞋。

I would not want to ___________________________ the shoes for me.

5)离那几个醉酒青年远点，他们在寻衅闹事。

Stay away from the drunken youths. They _________________________.

2. account for解释； 说明

She could not account for her mistake.

I want you to account for each sum of the money you spent.

拓展：

keep an account of记录，记载　　 on account of因为； 由于

bank account银行账户　　 open an account with在银行开个户头

翻译：他被要求解释他的行为。

_________________________________________________

1. go ahead

(1)--May I start now?　 --Go ahead!开始吧。

(2)Could I use your dictionary?　 --Go ahead!用吧。

(3)--Excuse me, would you please tell me the way to the cinema?

　　 --Go straight ahead for 200 meters.向前直走200米。

拓展：

ahead of time/schedule提前

easy ahead!慢进！

full speed ahead!全速前进。

push ahead向前进，推进

ahead of在……前头，早于； 超过

3. method n.方法

with this method/by this means/ in this way用这种方法

辨析：method, means, manner, way 与fashion

method侧重“理论方法”，指做某事的具体步骤或程序

a new teaching method新教学方法

means(单复数同形)侧重“通过手段”或“利用工具”去达到某目的

He climbed the tree by means of a ladder.

by all means一定； 务必

by means of通过； 用； 借助于

by no means决不， 一点也不

manner主要表示个人喜欢采用的方式或风格

Why are you talking in such a strange manner?

way是最通用的词，可以代替前面的任何一个词。

考点例题：

The quickest _________________of travel is by plane.

She has a very scientific _______________ of dealing with political problems.

2. permit

辨析：permit, allow, let

permit和allow意思相近，都表示“允许，准许”，permit稍正式一些。二者用法相同。

(1)二者用于allow/permit sb. to do sth.句型　 be allowed/permitted to do sth.

allow/ permit me to introduce Miss Mary to you.

Students are not allowed/permitted to enter the Net Bar.

(2)二者用于allow/permit doing sth.句型

We don’t allow/permit smoking in our office. =

______________________________________________________________

let允许，让，常用于口语中，一般不用于被动语态。后接不带to的不定式作宾补。

My mother wouldn’t let me __________(go) to the film.

拓展：

permit常用于以下句型

If time/weather permits (=Time/weather permitting), I’ll go outing this weekend.

如果时间/天气允许，周末我将去郊游。

permit的名词形式permission常与介词with和without连用

Without the professor’s permission, nobody can enter the laboratory.

allow for考虑；顾及

We must allow for his inexperience.我们必须考虑到他缺乏经验。

It will take you half an hour to get to the station, allowing for traffic delays. 把路上的耽搁算进去, 你要用半小时才能到车站。

1. scene

n. 现场，情景，景色，发生地点，(戏剧)一场

behind the scenes在后台

make a scene吵架，(当众)大吵大闹

拓展

辨析：scene, sight, view与scenery

(1)scene指某一处的自然风光

The scene is a perfect dream when you see the sun rising slowly in the east.

(2)scenery(总称)自然景物，天然风光，是由多个scenes构成的自然风景。

Guilin is famous for its beautiful scenery.

(3)sight景象，风景，名胜，侧重值得看的事物或很难看的东西；很可笑的事物

What a sight she looks in that old dress!她穿那件旧衣服看来是多么可笑。

(4)view景色，风景，侧重从人所处的角度以眼所看到的景色。

You can get a wonderful view at the top of the tower.

考点例题：

There is a fine ______________ of the mountain from our hotel window.

A. view　 B. scenery　　 C. scene　　 D. sight