1.written English/spoken English

　written，spoken是write，speak的过去分词，这里都用作 定语。注意:在英语里，常用动词的过去分词作定语。例如:

　developed countries发达国家

　broken glasses摔破的眼镜/玻璃杯

6. I have some difficulty in pronouncing some of the words in English.我在一些英语单词的发音上有些困难。

　have difficulty/trouble in doing sth.意思是“做什么的时 候有困难或麻烦，difficulty前面可以用great，much，little， no，其中difficulty用作不可数名词，不能用复数形式，in可以省略。例如:

　I have much difficulty in talking with the French student.

　类似的结构有:have some difficulties with sth.，“在…… 方面有困难”。

　[注意]这里difficulty在some后用作可数名词，表示一 些具体困难，后接名词时用with。例如:

　I have some difficulties with pronunciation.我在语音上有一些困难。

　Lessons 10 & 11

5.take one s next exam

　take这里意思为“参加”，相当于have。take the next ex am意思是“参加下次考试”，常和exam搭配的动词还有:

　hold an exam举行考试

　pass the exam考试及格

　fail(in)the exam考试不及格

　prepare(for)the exam准备(参加)考试

4.I m sorry I don t quite follow you.抱歉我没有听懂。

　“follow”的本意是“跟随”的意思。在本句中的意思是 “理解”相当于“understand”。在第五课中我们已经见过“follow”的另一种意思“遵守”。例如:

　He followed the directions given him in the letter.他是 按照信里告诉他的方向走的。

　Do you follow what I am saying?你听懂我说的话了吗?

3.Would you please say that again more slowly?

　I d(=I would)like to...

　这里would please...和would like...表示“想要什么或想 干什么”，常用于提出客气、委婉的请求或要求。二者用法稍 有区别:would please...后接动词原形，而would like...后接动 词不定式。例如:

　-Would you please help me?

　-Sure，what s the matter?

　-Would you like to go with me?

　-Certainly.

2.Pardon?

　pardon是省略语，完整的句型应是I beg your pardon或 Pardon me，表示“请再说一遍”的意思。例如:

　-Do you know the meaning of the word“customs”?

　-Pardon?/I beg your pardon?

　-What does the word“customs”mean in Chinese?

　-Oh，it s“海关”.

　-Thank you.

1.When do you take your next exams?

　这里用一般现在时表示将来发生的动作，相当于when will you take your next exams，此用法用于表示按计划或时 刻表将要发生的事。可以这样用的动词有:begin，start，get， go，leave，arrive等。

　例如:

　When does your summer holiday begin?

　The train arrives at 8∶30.

10.nothing but/except... Under the soil there s nothing but sand.

　nothing but/except...意为“除……外一无所有，只有”(= only)。注意:若后接动词时，一般要接省略to的不定式。

　例如:

　I found nothing in the empty house except some broken glasses.

　I could hear nothing but a strange sound in the forest.

　The baby did nothing but cry after he woke up.

　He did nothing every day except watch TV at home.

　例1 单项填空

　We were reading the light went out. A. while B. what C. when D. where

　[解析] 答案为C。

　根据语境该选C，表示“这时突然灯熄了”。

　例2 单项填空

　When Tom was ill in hospital， his classmates went to see him .

　A. every a few days B. every two days

　C. everyday D. every the second day

　[解析] 答案为B。

　本题考查every表“每隔……的”的用法。A项要去掉a; C项要分开写;D项该去掉the。

　例3 单项填空

　The boy was last seen near the river.

　A. missing; playing B. missing; play

　C. missed; played D. missed; to play

　[解析] 答案为A。

　本题考查非谓语动词用法。“丢失，走失”该用missing 或lost;see / notice / watch / hear sb. do sth. 用于被动句时 要用带to的不定式。另外see / notice / watch / hear sb. do sth. 和see / notice /watch / hear sb. doing sth. 在用法上也有区别(参见上文)。所以选A。 ?

9.What a bad sight it was!

　这是一句感叹句。英语的感叹句型是: “what(a)+名词+主语+谓语!”。当句型中的名词是不

　可数名词单数时， what后要加a;若名词是可数名词复数或 不可数名词时，则what 后不可加a。例如:

　What an interesting book it is!What beautiful girls they are!

　What a silly question you asked!

　英语感叹句另外一个句型是:“how+形容词/副词+主 语+谓语!”例如:

　How clever she is!

　How fast she is running!

8.They can eat a person in two minutes，leaving only bones.

　这里分词短语leaving only bones用作结果状语，修饰谓 语动词eat。分词短语还可以用作目的状语或伴随状语。例如:

　She sat there waiting for him.她坐在那儿等他。(目的状语)

　Laughing and talking，the students went out of the class room.学生们又说又笑地走出教室。(伴随状语)