•       1.注意使用词组、习语来代替一些单词,以增加文采。如:

•      [原文]A new railway is being built in my hometown.

•      [修正]A new railway is under construction in my hometown.(under repair; under discussion; under treatment…)

•       

•      2.使用一些很有“洋味”的单词。如:

•      Thank you for sharing the time with us.

•      The way he views the world is very practical.

•       3.避免重复使用某一单词或短语。如:

•       [原文]I like reading while my brother likes watching television.

•       [修正]I like reading while my brother enjoys watching television.

•      4使用高级词汇(1)As a result the plan was a failure. 

         The plan turned out to be a failure. (高级)

(2)She went to Australia in order to study music. (一般)

She went to Australia for the purpose of studying music.

(高级)

(3)Because the weather was good, our journey was comfortable.(一般)

Thanks to the good weather,our journey was comfortable.  (高级)

近年来,高考书面表达在语言的运用以及答题规范化等方面对考生提出了更高的要求,一篇语言平淡、答题不够规范的书面表达作品,很难在考试中取得较高档次的分数. 让我们结合高考新的要求以及2003年高考试题分析,谈一谈书面表达拿高分应掌握的一些要领.

•      一、试题原题(2003高考)

•      假设你是李华,你的英国笔友Bob将于九月到你所在城市的建新华文学校学中文,来信请你在学校附近为他找一套住房.请根据图画提供的信息,写信介绍住房的情况,并告知住房面积为25平方米,月租500元. (图略)

•     注意:1.词数:100左右;

•       2.参考词汇:房租rent(n.).

•      Dear Bob,

•      ____________________________

•      ____________________________

•      Yours,

•      Li Hua

•     二、试题分析及答题要领

•      2003年高考书面表达题在试题设计上命题者可谓匠心独具.试题所提供素材为一篇图画,其形式为书信,体裁为说明文,要求以书信的形式将图画所提供的信息表达出来.该题综合能力强,集看图、书信、说明为一体,既考查考生的看图说话能力,又考查考生的书信及说明文的写作能力.为了达到试题要求,实现预期的写作目的,答题时应做到:

1.审题要认真

•      审题是下笔写作之前的重要步骤.应根据汉语提示及图中所给信息,弄清题意,明确要求,以满足高考"切中题意"这一要求.

•     1)审题材,把握所提供的信息,以防遗漏要点.

•      今年的书面表达题材为一篇图画,属看图作文题.在题型的设计上,看图作文通常是以文字(中文或英文)和图画两种形式作为提示的.审题时不仅要审"文",还要审"图".另外,要善于观察,充分领会图画的设计意图,把握图画表达的主题,并通过分析、思考、合理想象,将图意清楚地表达出来.

•     2)审体裁,以满足文体的写作要求.

•      该题体裁为说明文,将公寓及公寓与学校的位置关系介绍给笔友Bob.写作时应按照说明文的要求来写,表达时要求条理清楚,语言准确、通顺.另外,应注意说明的顺序和方法.

•     3)审格式,写好开头及结尾.

•      该题要求用书信的形式将图画所提供的信息表达清楚.呼语及结尾客套语等格式已给出,应重点把握好两头(开场及结束语),开头应开门见山,将写信的目的交待清楚.结尾应简短有力,紧扣主题,做到首尾呼应.

2.在整篇文章中,避免只使用一两个句式,要灵活运用诸如倒装句、强调句、主从复合句、分词状语等

•      ①强调句

•      [原文]My parents praised Ah Fu warmly. It had saved my little sister bravely.

•      [修正]My parents praised Ah Fu warmly. It was our brave Ah Fu who had saved my little sister bravely.(93’)

•      It is English and computer classes that I like best.(NMET96 书面表达参考范文片段)

•      析:该句出色运用了强调句型,表达了我对英语和电脑特别喜欢的愉快之情,使文章上升了一个档次。

•     感叹句可以抒发内心强烈的感情色彩,适当运用感叹句可以有效增强文章的情感性、感染性和感召性,从而震撼读者内心,引起读者共鸣。

•      感叹句比较适合用于对人物或单位介绍结束后,情不自禁地对被介绍对象加以赞扬。

•      How time flies!(NMET98 书面表达参考范文片段)

•      析:该句巧妙运用了感叹句,表达了对时间飞逝的遗憾之情。 

•      ②由what等引导的从句,此处的what相当于中文的“所……”,有很大的概括力,如:

•      [原文]We had to stand there to catch the offender.

•      [修正]What we had to do was (to) stand there, trying to catch the offender.

•       What China has achieved in recent years is known through the world.

•       China is no longer what it used to be.

•      ③由with或without引导的短语。如:He sat in a chair with a newspaper in the hand.④分词短语。如:Satisfied with the result, he decided to go on with a new experiment.

•       ⑤倒装句。如:Only in this way can we achieve our goal.

•      Never before have I seen such a wonderful film.

•      ⑥省略句   如:If so, victory will be ours.

•      You can make some changes wherever necessary.

•      ⑦ 对比,这是中文中也常用的方法如:

•      When I play,I feel excited,and after it I feel relaxed.

•      8。 such as列举句型是使用场合最广的句型,该句型结构精巧,对称协调,是一个难得的好句型,而且只要有强烈的使用意识,同学们在绝大多数高考中都可让其一展风采。

•      不过such as句型的技术含量高,一定要稔熟其用法。such as列举句型往往用来强调人或物的个数多,需要不完全列举所有事例。该句型使用时前边先用一个总述句说明人或物的个数多,后边列举二至五个不等的并列成分,这些并列成分应短小精炼,对称协调,通常为一个词或一个短语,而不能为一个句子。

•      I studied quite a few subjects such as Chinese,maths,English,physics,chemistry and computer.(NMET96书面表达参考范文片段)

•      析:该句用such as列举句型说明了我的学习科目很多,而且结构巧妙,对称和谐。

•      I can follow my own interests such as reading books,visiting museums and taking computer lessons.(NMET2001 书面表达参考范文片段)

•      析:该句巧妙运用了such as列举句型,结构精巧工整,意义明确协调,堪称上乘佳句

•      9。with +名词+复合宾语句型的恰当使用也可以增加被描绘内容的生动性和趣味性,从而增强文章的感染性,该句型适合对细节性动作进行描绘。

•      My brother was riding with me sitting on the seat behind.(NMET97 书面表达参考范文片段)

•      析:该句巧用了“with +名词+复合宾语”句型作伴随状语,形象地描绘了我兄弟载我骑车时的“潇洒”姿态,暗示着他这次违章载人难逃警察的干预。

•      10. Such be总结句型适合使用于人物/单位介绍式书面表达的末尾对人物或单位进行总结,只要做有心人,在高考中使用该句型的可能性也是很大的。

•      Such be后边需接名词,名词后边需接同位语,同位语和被修饰名词之间常用逗号隔开。

•      Such is Sun Shuwei,a hardworking and successful diving star.(MET91 书面表达参考范文片段)

•      Such is our present life,a happy and colorful one.(NMET2001 书面表达参考范文片段)

•      析:该句巧用了Such be总结句型,表达了减负后学校生活的重大变化,使读者对减负给学校生活带来的变化有了一个更全面、更准确的了解。

•      3.通过分句和合句,增强句子的连贯性和表现力。

•       [原文]He stopped us half an hour ago. He made us catch the next offender.

•       [修正]He stopped us half an hour ago and made us catch the next offender.

•      [原文]We had a short rest. Then we began to play happily. We sang and danced. Some told stories. Some played chess.

•      [修正]After a short rest, we had great fun singing and dancing,telling jokes and playing chess.

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