1.bear, suffer, endure, tolerate, stand这组动词都有“忍受”的意思

      (1)bear 和 suffer 可以表示“对强加的任何东西的忍受”,bear 侧重于表示“忍受沉重或难办的事”。

例如:

      In the end I could not bear it. 最后,我受不了啦。

      When my old friend Brian urged me to accept a cigarette, it was more than I could bear.

      当老朋友布赖恩怂恿我接受一只香烟时,我就受不住了。

      (2)suffer 侧重于表示“忍受或经受令人不愉快的、甚至于痛苦的事”。

例如:

      No benefactions and research endowments can make up for the change in character which the university city has suffered.

      捐款和科研经费决不能弥补大学城所经受的性质上的变化。

      (3)endure 强调“长时间的忍受痛苦而不屈服”。

例如:

      What can't be cured must be endured.

      治不好的病就必须忍受。(谚语)

      Travelers in space have to endure many discomforts in their rockets.

      宇宙旅行家不得不在火箭中忍受许多不舒适的东西

      (4)tolerate 和 stand 都表示“忍受令人生厌的事”。tolerate 的内涵是“为了和平或融洽而不反对”。

      例如:

      Why people are prepared to tolerate a four-hour journey each day for the dubious privilege of living in the country is beyond my ken.

      为了农村生活的模糊的好处,人们为何甘愿忍受每天在路上花四个小时,这便超越了我的见识了。

      Considering his home situation, he had to tolerate his wife.

      考虑到家中的情形,他不得不忍让妻子了。

      (5)stand 常与 bear 通用,如果用词确切,stand 总包含着“不退让”、“不畏缩”的“忍受”。

      例如:

      He can stand more pain than anyone else I know.

      他比我认识的任何人都更能忍受痛苦。

      He stood the test of war. 他经受住了战争的考验。

2.由make构成的常用词组:

    be made from…:由…制成(看不见原材料)

    be made of…:由…制成(看得见原材料)

    be made into…:制成…

    be made in…:由…制造(in后接制造地)

    be made up of…:由…构成、组成(=be composed of=consist of=constitute)

    make up:编造;和解,言归于好;化妆,打扮

    make up for…:弥补…

    make use of…:利用…

    make up one’s mind:打定主意,决定

    make sense:讲得通,有意义

    make fun of…:取笑…

例如:

    Paper is made from wood.

    纸是由木材制成的。

    This bridge is made of stone.

    这座桥是石头砌成的。

    Wood can be made into many useful things, such as tables, chairs, etc.

    木材可以制成很多有用的东西,比如桌子、椅子等等。

    That beautiful car is made in China.

    那辆漂亮的车是在中国制造的。

    Our class is made up of 36 boys and 16 girls.

    我们班由36名男生和16名女生组成。

    He made up a very wonderful story for his being late.

    他为自己的迟到编造了一个很精彩的故事(借口)。

    Did he make up to you?

他给你和解了吗?     You should make up for what you have lost.

    你应该把失去的东西弥补回来。

    We should make full use of our precious time.

     我们应该充分利用我们宝贵的时间。

    They have made up their minds to come tomorrow.

    他们已经打定主意明天来。

    What you said doesn’t make any sense, so I can’t make sense of it.

    你说的话毫无意义,所以,我无法理解。

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