5. 当我们出于礼貌或别的考虑避免说出动作的执行者时,常用一些语气委婉的句式,如:it is said that ..."据说……"；it is reported that ..."据报道……"；it is rumored that ..."据传言……"等。如:

　　 It was rumored that he had been appointed as the president of our company.传闻他已被任命为我们公司的总裁。

[ 影音留声 ]　 Traveling Light

这首歌是乡村歌手Joel Hanson和Sara Groves合作的第一支单曲。男声磁性质朴，女声悠远飘扬，给人带来清新昂然的感觉，好像为我们展示了这样一个意境：一个历经沧桑的人，放下所有的重负，朝着远方，迎着夕阳走下去，轻装前行，寻找着自己的自由……

　　 Well I was doubling over the load on my shoulders

　　 Was a weight I carried with me every day

　　 Crossing miles of frustrations and rivers a raging

　　 Picking up stones I found along the way

　　 I staggered and I stumbled down

　　 Pathways of trouble

　　 I was hauling those souvenirs of misery

　　 And with each step taken my back was breaking

　　 Till I found the one who took it all from me

　　 Down by the riverside (Down by the riverside)

　　 I laid my burdens down,Now I’m traveling light

　　 My spirit lifted high(I found my freedom now)

　　 I found my freedom now

　　 And I’m traveling light

　　 Through the darkest alleys and loneliest valleys

　　 I was dragging those heavy chains of doubt and fear

　　 Then with the one word spoken the locks were broken

　　 Now he’s leading me to places

　　 Where there are no tears

　　 Down by the riverside

　　 (Down by the riverside)

　　 I laid my burdens down,

　　 Now I’m traveling light

　　 My spirit lifted high

　　 (I found my freedom now)

　　 I found my freedom now

　　 And I’m traveling light

　　 Down by the riverside

　　 I laid my burdens down,

　　 Now I’m traveling light

　　 My spirit lifted high

　　 I found my freedom now

　　 And I’m traveling light

　　 Down by the riverside

　　 (Down by the riverside)

　　 I laid my burdens down,

　　 Now I’m traveling light

　　 My spirit lifted high

　　 (I found my freedom now)

　　 I found my freedom now

　　 And I’m traveling light

　　 Notes:

4. 突出或强调动作的承受者,这时我们可用by引出动作的执行者。如:

　　 That novel was written by Lu Xun in 1935.那本小说是鲁迅1935年写的。

　　 The kite was made by herself.那风筝是她自己制作的。

3. 为避免主语过长,可将主动语态转化为被动语态。如:

　　 A very good friend of mine whom I’d like you to meet sometime painted the picture. (主动语态)

　　 The picture was painted by a very good friend of mine whom I’d like you to meet sometime. (被动语态)

2. 强调动作而不是强调动作的执行者。如:

　　 The milk should be kept in the fridge.牛奶应当存放在冰箱里。

　　 The lion was kept in a cage and unable to get away again.狮子被关进一个笼子里,它无法再逃脱。

1. 不知道或者不必指出动作的执行者。如:

　　 Many trees have been planted in our school.我们学校种了很多树。

　　 The house is very old. It was built in 1970.这座房子已经很旧了,它是1970年建造的。

　　 [点击名题]In some parts of the world, tea ______ with milk and sugar. (1999 全国)

　　 A. is serving　　　　　 B. is served

　　 C. serves　 　　　　　　D. served

　　 [点拨]B。这个句子就是不知道动作的执行者,所以要用被动语态。

　　 过去进行时表示:

　　 (1) 过去某一时刻或某一阶段正在进行的动作。例如:

　　 We were talking about you this time yesterday.

　　 (2) 表示计划、安排好的将来动作(只限于come, go, leave, arrive, start, move, sail, fly, travel, stay等表"位置转移"的动词)。例如:

　　 I was told the train was starting soon.

　　 (3) 有时可用来描绘故事发生的背景。例如:

　　 The wind was blowing and it was raining hard.

　　 常用的时间状语:this time, last month, all morning, the whole night, from 6 to 8 this morning, during the winter等。

　　 一般过去时表示:

　　 (1) 过去某特定时间的动作或状态。例如:

　　 I lived in the country when I was young.

　　 (2) 过去经常性、习惯性的动作或状态、特征等。例如:

　　 He often cried when he was a boy.

　　 表示过去经常发生的动作,也可用"used to do..."和"would do ..."。例如:

　　 There used to be a tree here.

　　 (3) 在时间、条件、让步等状语从句中用一般过去时表示过去将来时。例如:

　　 They planned to go out if it was fine the next day.

　　 (4) 用于I didn’t know... 或I forgot... 表示事先不知道或不记得,但现在已知道或记得的事情。例如:

　　 I didn’t know you were here.Sorry, I forgot to bring my book.

　　 使用一般过去时的句子通常有表示具体的过去时间状语,常见的过去时间状语有:ago, yesterday, last Sunday, just now, once, the other day, in the old days, in those years, once upon a time, earlier this month, then等。

3. devil　 n.妖魔

2. firecracker　 n.爆竹, 鞭炮