Throughout history man has had to accept the fact that all living things must die.But people now live longer than they __1__.Yet,all living things still show the __2__ of aging,which will eventually __3__ death.

Aging is not a disease,but as a person passes maturity (成熟期),the cells of the body and the __4__they form do not function as well as they __5__ in childhood and teenage years.The body provides less __6__ against disease and is more __7__ to have accident.

A number of related causes may __8__ aging.Some cells of the body have a fairly long life,but they are not __9__ when they die.As a person ages,__10__ of brain cells and muscle cells decreases.__11__ body cells die and are replaced by new cells.In an aging person the __12__ cells may not be as workable or as capable __13__ growth as those of a young person.

Another __14__ in aging may be changes within the cells __15__.Some of the protein chemicals in cells are known __16__ with age and become less elastic (有弹性的).This is why the skin of old people wrinkles (皱纹) and __17__.This is also the reason why old people __18__ in height.There may be other more important chemical changes in the cells.Some complex cell chemicals,such as DNA and RNA,store and __19__ information that the cells need.Aging may affect this __20__and change the information­carrying molecules so that they do not transmit the information as well.

1A.would  B.be used to  C.used to  D.used

解析:句意:但是人们现在比过去寿命长。used to表示“过去经常做……”,暗示现在并不如此,此处指过去的情况,正好与句意相符。would可表示“过去经常”,但不含“今昔对比”之意。注意该词组与be used to的区别,后者意为“习惯于……”,to为介词。D项之所以不对,是因为在以下词组中,当不定式省略时,通常要保留不定式符号to,如:used to,be going to,mean to,ought to,try to,plan to等。

答案:C

2A.function  B.effect  C.affect  D.sign

解析:根据下文中的定语从句所表示的意义进行判断,这里所填入的单词应该表示“衰老的结果”这一意义。effect意为“结果,影响”,正是此意。function“功能,机能,作用”;affect“影响,感动”,是动词;sign“标记”。解题时要注意effect和affect拼写只相差一个字母,但effect是名词而affect是动词。

答案:B

3A.lead in  B.give in  C.run into  D.result in

解析:根据主句内容,which引导非限制性定语从句,which表示前面的“衰老的结果”,即:衰老的结果最终导致死亡。result in“使发生,导致”;lead in无此搭配,在表示“导致”时,应为lead to;give in “让步,屈服”;run into“陷入”,常指陷入困境。

答案:D

4A.hands  B.feet  C.heart  D.organs

解析:根据上下文及信息词cells可确定句中是指所有的部位(器官)。而其他三项所指的都是身体的具体部位。

答案:D

5A.do  B.has done  C.did  D.had done

解析:此句中的did是用来代替前面的动词function,以避免重复。因为这里有一个表示过去的时间状语in childhood and teenage years,所以只能用一般过去时。

答案:C

6A.energy  B.protection  C.vigor  D.power

解析:protection“保护,保护物”,和介词against或from连用,译为“保护……免遭……”。句意:身体此时的免疫力下降,易于患病。energy“精力,活力”;vigor“力量,活力”;power“权力,力气”。

答案:B

7A.likely  B.probable  C.possible  D.alike

解析:likely,possible和probable它们三者都表示“可能”,均可以构成:It is possible/probable/likely+that从句。但probable和possible不能用于sb.is possible/probable to do sth.句型中。alike“相似的”,不符合句意。

答案:A

8A.attend to  B.contribute to

C.add to   D.devote to

解析:句意:有一些相关的原因可能促使人衰老。contribute to“有助于,起作用,促成”,此意义符合题意。attend to“专心于”;add to“增加,把……添加到……”;devote to“致力于,献身于”。这四个词组中的to都是介词,要注意它和不定式符号to的区别。

答案:B

9A.replaced    B.reborn

C.recovered  D.surrendered

解析:此句与下文相对应,根据下文第十一空之后出现的replace (代替)可确定该空选replaced;reborn“新生的,复活的”;recovered“恢复”;surrendered“屈服”。

答案:A

10A.a number    B.the amount

C.the number  D.a great deal

解析:根据此句的谓语动词decreases可确定其主语应为the number,表示“……的数量”,作主语时,应该使用单数的谓语动词;a number of“许多,大量”常用来修饰复数名词,作主语时,要使用复数谓语动词;the amount of“……的数量是”,常接不可数名词;a great deal of“大量的”,后接不可数名词。

答案:C

11A.The others  B.The other  C.Another  D.Other

解析:根据这一段里谈到的不同情况的细胞,上文用了some cells of the body不能再生,很显然下文中用other body cells可以被新的细胞所代替。这样other与上文的some相呼应。其他词都不能起此作用。

答案:D

12A.old  B.left  C.new  D.other

解析:根据上文的意思,这里还在继续谈论第二种可再生细胞,即:the new cells。

答案:C

13A.to  B.for  C.of  D.in

解析:be capable of是固定搭配,表示“有……的能力”。句意:老年人的新细胞的发展能力不如年轻人的强。其他介词不与capable搭配。

答案:C

14A.factor  B.effect  C.reason  D.element

解析:这一段的内容是和上段相对应的,所需词相当于上段第一句中的cause,指造成一种事实或现象的原因,所以选用factor,表“因素,要素”。其他几个词虽然语意相近,但所强调的重点并不相同。effect“结果”;reason“原因”,用来说明一种看法或行为的理由;element“元素”。

答案:A

15A.for themselves  B.of themselves

C.themselves   D.on their own

解析:句意:另一个导致衰老的因素是细胞内本身的变化。由此可得出,空格处需填一个作同位语的名词或代词,那么四个选项中,就只有themselves可担当此任,即:反身代词themselves作cells的同位语。

答案:C

ge    B.to have changed

C.to change  D.to be changed

解析:本句是被动句式,其主动句式是:It is known that some of the protein chemicals in cells change with age and become less elastic.句意:大家知道细胞内有些蛋白质随着年龄的增大而改变,变得没有那么有弹性。在叙述一般性事物时,动词know之后的不定式不用进行式和完成式。

答案:C

17A.hangs loose      B.hangs loosely

C.is hanging loosely  D.is hanging loose

解析:hang在这里用作系动词,后面须接一个形容词作表语,类似的动词还有rise,shine,sit,lie等。本句除了要注意hang是系动词外,还要注意时态的选择。因为通篇文章所谈论的是人人都要变老的客观事实,所用时态都为一般现在时,不能用进行时。

答案:A

18A.increase  B.shrink  C.lengthen  D.decrease

解析:句意:这就是为什么老人的身高会收缩的原因。因此表“收缩”的只有shrink;increase“增加”和lengthen“变长”与题意不符; decrease“减少”,一般强调量的减少,也不符合题意。

答案:B

19A.pass away  B.pass by  C.pass off  D.pass on

解析:根据上下文内容应选pass on,表示“把……传给另一个,转移”,句中store and pass on information指“储存和传递信息”,符合句意。其他三个选项都不符合句意。pass away“去世”;pass by“经过,从……旁边走过”;pass off“逐渐消失,停止”。

答案:D

20A.improvement  B.procession

C.approach   D.process

解析:从通篇文章所叙述的人的衰老的过程分析,我们应该在此处选填process。表示“自然的过程,进程”,符合上下文意义,即:衰老可能影响这种进程和改变信息;improvement“改良”;procession“队伍,行列”;approach“方式,方法”。

答案:D

1After the big earthquake,his house was completely ______,so he had to build a new one ______ the old house stood.

A.damaged;which  B.destroyed;where

C.ruined;when    D.hurt;that

解析:第一个空考查动词的意义,表示“完全毁坏”可用destroy或ruin;第二个空考查连接词,从句意推断,应用where引导地点状语从句。句意:地震过后,他的房子完全被毁了,所以他不得不在旧房子处盖了一座新的。

答案:B

2So seriously ______ in the accident that she was sent to hospital at once.

A.she was wounded  B.was she hurt

C.she did injure    D.did she hurt

解析:此题考查动词语态及句型结构。按照句型结构要求,此处应用倒装句型;根据逻辑关系分析,此处应使用被动语态。

答案:B

3______ visitors to the UK were asked by newspaper reporters what their impressions of the British people were.

A.The number of  B.A number of

C.Numbers of   D.Any numbers of

解析:此题考查a number of和 the number of的区别。the number of修饰复数名词作主语,谓语用单数;a number of修饰复数名词作主语,谓语用复数;由题干中的谓语were可知要用a number of。

答案:B

4______ is little doubt that the Chinese women basketball team will beat the Japanese team.

A.It    B.That

C.There  D.Which

解析:此题考查there be句式。There is no/little doubt that...“毫无疑问”,为固定句式。

答案:C

5Several rounds of air and ground attacks from the allied force left the whole city ______.

A.in pieces  B.in ruins

C.in part   D.in place

解析:句意:盟军的空袭和地面的好几轮进攻使整个城市变成了一片废墟。in pieces“破碎,拆散”;in ruins“成为废墟”;in part“一部分,有几分”;in place“在适当的位置”。

答案:B

6-Jim,would you like to take tomorrow's driving test?

- ______.

A.Yes,with pleasure  B.Yes,I would

C.No,I can't come   D.Sure,it's my pleasure.

解析:此题考查交际用语。with pleasure“很高兴”,是别人要求你帮助时所作出的肯定的回答;It's my pleasure“不用谢”。由语境可知A项符合题意。

答案:A

7-How long will you be staying?

-I don't know.______ .

A.That's OK  B.Never mind

C.It depends  D.It doesn't matter

解析:此题考查交际用语。That's OK“没关系,不客气”;Never mind“不要紧;没关系”;It depends“看情况而定”;It doesn't matter“没关系”,回答道歉时的用语。句意:--你要待多长时间?--我不知道。看情况而定。由句意可知,C项是正确答案。

答案:C

8-Why are most of us unable to study English well,Mr.Li?

-You ______.But you ______ too little attention to it.

A.could;pay   B.will;attach

C.would;refer  D.can;devote

解析:此题考查情态动词及动词用法。will“会……”,表示对未来事物的预料;attach“将……与……相联系;将……归于……”,例如:Do you attach any importance to what he said?你认为他说的话重要吗? 选项A、C时态不对;D选项中devote一般不与attention连用。句意:--李老师,为什么我们大多数人都学不好英语呢?--你们会学好的。但是你们对英语关注的太少了。

答案:B

9I advised that he ______to the hospital at once,but he insisted that he ______quite well then.

A.be sent;was feeling

B.was sent;felt

C.be sent;feel

D.should be sent;should feel

解析:此题考查情态动词及虚拟语气。advise,suggest ,order ,insist,require等表示“建议、命令、要求”类的动词用于名词性从句中时,从句谓语动词都要用虚拟语气,即“(should)+动词原形”的形式。其中,insist作“坚决要求”讲时,要用虚拟语气;当“坚持说,坚持陈述某事实”解时,用陈述语气。句意:我建议立即送他去医院,但他坚持说他当时感觉很好。由句意可知要用A项。

答案:A

10-Have you forgotten anything,sir?

-Oh,I forgot to pay.You see,I'm terribly sick,but I ______ to.

A.didn't mean   B.don't mean

C.haven't meant  D.wasn't meaning

解析:此题考查时态。由I forgot to pay可知,我现在想起来了,所以mean这个动作发生在这之前,要用一般过去时态。例如:I'm sorry I hurt you.I didn't mean to.对不起,我弄伤了你,我不是故意的。

答案:A

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