27. What does the underlined word “it” in Paragraph 5 refer to?

A. A type of ice-salt mixture. 　　　 B. A newly found protein.

C. Fish blood. 　　　　　　　　　　　 D. Sugar molecule.

26. Why can the Antarctic cod live at the freezing temperature?

A. The seawater has a temperature of -1.88°C.

B. it loves to live in the ice-salt mixture

C. A special protein keeps it from freezing.

D. Its blood has a temperature lower than -2.05°C.

25. What is the text mainly about?

A. The terrible conditions in the Antarctic.

B. A special fish living in freezing waters.

C. The ice shelf around Antarctica.

D. Protection of the Antarctic cod.

24. A teacher’s work is most effective with a schoolboy when he　　　　 .

A. is with the boy alone　 　　　　　　　　　　　　　 B. teaches the boy a lesson

C. sends the boy home as punishment　 　 D. works together with another teacher

7

Far from the land of Antarctica (南极洲), a huge shelf of ice meets the ocean. At the underside of the shelf there lives a small fish, the Antarctic cod.

For forty years scientists have been curious about that fish. How does it live where most fish would freeze to death? It must have some secret. The Antarctic is not a comfortable place to work and research has been slow. Now it seems we have an answer.

Research was begun by cutting holes in the ice and catching the fish. Scientists studied the fish’s blood and measured its freezing point.

The fish were taken from seawater that had a temperature of-1.88°C and many tiny pieces of ice floating in it. The blood of the fish did not begin to freeze until its temperature was lowered to

-2.05°C. That small difference is enough for the fish to live at the freezing temperature of the ice-salt mixture.

The scientists’ next research job was clear: Find out what in the fish’s blood kept it from freezing. Their search led to some really strange thing made up of a protein (蛋白质) never before seen in the blood of a fish. When it was removed, the blood froze at seawater temperature. When it was put back, the blood again had its antifreeze quality and a lowered freezing point.

Study showed that it is an unusual kind of protein. It has many small sugar molecules(分子)held in special positions within each big protein molecule. Because of its sugar content, it is called a glycoprotein. So it has come to be called the antifreeze fish glycoprotein, or AFGP.

23. What should schools do to help the problem schoolboys?

A. Wait for their change patiently.　 　　　　　 B. Train leaders of their peer groups.

C. Stop the development of street culture.　 　　 D. Give them lessons in a separate area.

22. What seems to have a bad effect on students like Tom?

A. Peer groups. 　　　 B. A special unit.　 C. The student judges. D. The home environment.

21. Why did Tom give up studying?

A. He disliked his teachers.

B. His parents no longer supported him.

C. It’s cool for boys of his age not to care about studies.

D. There were too many subjects in his secondary school.

20. Why was Wesley Autrey praised as a hero?

A. He helped a man get across the rails.

B. He stopped a man from destroying the rails.

C. He protected two little girls from getting hurt.

D. He saved a person without considering his own safety.

6

Tom was one of the brightest boys in the year, with supportive parents. But when he was 15 he suddenly stopped trying. He left school at 16 with only two scores for secondary school subjects. One of the reasons that made it cool for him not to care was the power of his peer (同龄人) group.

The lack of right male (男性) role models in many of their lives - at home and particularly in the school environment (环境) - means that their peers are the only people they have to judge themselves against.

They don’t see men succeeding in society so it doesn’t occur to them that they could make something of themselves. Without male teachers as a role model, the effect of peer actions and street culture (文化) is all-powerful. Boys want to be part of a club. However, schools can provide the environment for change, and provide the right role models for them. Teachers need to be trained to stop that but not in front of a child’s peers. You have to do it one to one, because that is when you see the real child.

It’s pointless sending a child home if he or she has done wrong. They see it as a welcome day off to watch television or play computer games. instead, schools should have a special unit where a child who has done wrong goes for the day and gets advice about his problems - somewhere he can work away from his peers and go home after the other children.

19. What did the Baby Einstein Company do at its beginning?

A. Produce safety equipment for children.

B. Make videos to help protect children.

C. Sell children’s music and artwork.

D. Look for missing and exploited children.

18. Mulombo believes that building the new hospital is

A. helpful to his personal development

B. something he should do for his homeland

C. a chance for his friends to share his money

D. a way of showing his respect to the NBA