5.主语+及物动语+宾语+宾补
(1)接名词作宾补的动词:find, think, elect, name, call, appoint, consider,
make, leave等。如:
They usually call the baby Dick,他们经常把婴儿的名字称为迪克。
(2)接形容词作宾补的动词:keep, get, lay, drink, push, paint, set, turn, drive,
let, call, cut, break, open, hold等。如:
She will make him happy.她将使他幸福。
Please cut the stick short.请把这根棍子砍短点。
(3)接副词、介词短语、分词、动词不定式等作宾补的及物动词:leave, put ,see, notice,
watch, observe等。如:
He left me waiting in the rain.他让我在雨中等。
[典例4] I found
_____impossible ______him _____his mind.
A. this, to make; change
B. it; to make; to change
C. this; to make; to change D. it; to make; change
解析D 及物动词及宾语补足语考查题。根据句子结构分析法可以判断:第一空为形式宾语it,第二空为真正的动词不定式作宾语,第三空为使役动词make后省去to的宾补change。故选D
难点 动词词组的使用与辨析
动词词组的使用和辨析是动词考点中的重点也是难点,考查形式涉及多项选择题中的语法和 和词汇知识题、多项选择式完形填空题、短文改错题多种题型。
[典例1]Kathy _____a
lot of Spanish by playing with the native boys and girls.
A. picked up
B. took up
C. made up
D. turned up
解析 A动词词组辨析题。pick up 获得,学到,捡起,使恢复精神;take up开始从事,吸收;make up弥补,虚构;turn up找到,出现。根据句意:凯西通过与当地孩子们玩耍而学到了不少西班牙语。故选A。
[典例2]Helen always
helps her mother even though going to school ______most of her day.(2004·广东卷)
A. takes up B.
makes up C.
saves up D. puts
up
解析 A考查动词词组的辨析。海伦总是帮助她的母亲,即使上学占用了她一天中的大部分时间。四个短语的意思分别为:take up占据,填满;make up形成,构成或组成某物;save up储存,储蓄;put up 张贴(海报、通告等),提出(意见)供讨论。根据句意判断take up 合题意。
[典例3] You can take
anything from the shelf and read, but please _____the books when you’ve
finished them.(2004·全国卷Ⅰ)
A. put on B. put down C. put back D. put off
解析 C 考查动词词组的辨析。此句句意为:你可以从书架上随便拿书去读,但是读完以后请把书放回原处put on 穿上,伪装;put down写下,平定;put off 推迟,搪寒;只有put back放回原处合句意。
[典例4]His mother had
thought is would be good for his character to_____from
home and earn some money on his own.(2002·北京卷)
A. run away B
take away C.keep away D.get
away
解析 D 考查动词词组的辨析。四个选项都符合语法要求,再看本句句意:他母亲原本认为他离开家自己赚钱对锻炼他的性格有好处。get away from
home的意思正是“离开家”。
小试牛刀