4.　　　　 Which do you believe to be true?

　　　 A. Nokia is a very popular foreign phone seller

　　　 B. China produced and sold most of the mobile phones to other countries

　　　 C. Mobile communications account for the most part of the total long-distance communications

　　 　D. China has had quite advanced core technologies

(二十)

Wind is the great maker of waves. There are exceptions, such as the tidal (潮汐的) waves sometimes produced by earthquakes under the sea . But the waves most of us know are produced by winds blowing over the sea.

Now before constructing an imaginary life history of a typical wave, we need to know certain physical things about it. A wave has height, from trough (low point) to crest (high point). It has length -- the distance from this crest to that of the following wave. The period of the wave means the time it takes for succeeding crests to pass a fixed point. None of these things stays the same --- for all depend upon the wind, upon the depth of the water and many other matters.

The water that makes up a wave does not advance with it across the sea. Each drop of water turns around in a little circle with the passing of the wave, but returns very nearly to its original position. And it is fortunate that this is so. For if the huge masses of water that make up a wave actually moved across the sea, sailing would be impossible.

If we want to find the speed of a wave, we may use the following way:

　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 Speed = wavelength × frequency

Here, wavelength is the distance between two high points (crests), frequency means the number of cycles per second.

3.　　　　 Which has the similar meaning to the underlined word “obstacle”?

　　　 A. Difficulty 　　　　　 B. Problem　　　　　　　 C. Puzzle　　　　　　　　　 D. Factor

2.　　　　 Mobile communications have gradually taken the place of 　　　　.

　　　 A. IP phone service 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 B. traditional long-distance calls

　　　 C. traditional telephones 　　　　　　　　　　　　　 D. telecom operators

1.　　　　 From the passage, which is NOT true?

　　　 A. China Mobile is China’s largest mobile phone sellers.

　　　 B. China Mobile is China’s largest mobile communications operator.

　　　 C. China Mobile has covered nearly two fifths of the income in the telecoms market in China.

　　　 D. China Mobile has taken the first place in the telecoms market.

4.　　　　 According to the passage, which of the followings shows the correct order?

　a．Photographs became popular in newspapers.

　b．Photographers carried processing equipment while taking pictures.

　c．The invention of small handheld cameras made photography easier.

　d．Daguerre invented a kind of photograph called daguerreotype.

　e．Brady took pictures of famous people.

　A. e, a, d, b, c　　　　　 B. d, b, e, c, a

C. b, e, c, a, d　　　　　 D. d, c, e, a, b

(十九)

China Mobile, the country’s largest mobile communications operator, has accounted for nearly 40 percent of revenues (税收) in the domestic telecoms market. That puts it at the top of the six major telecoms operators in the nation, according to the latest official statistics.

The other five are: China Telecom, 31.1 percent; China Netcom, 16.6 percent; and China Unicom, 13.4 percent; China Satellite Communications Corp and China Rilcom, 1.5 percent.

Mobile communications and the IP phone business have gradually replaced traditional long-distance calls. Mobile communications account for 28.5 percent of the total long-distance communications business. IP phones have 41.4 percent, while traditional long-distance calls are down to 30.1 percent.

In another ranking, Nokia, Motorola, Bird, TCL and Siemens came in as the top five mobile phone sellers in China in the first half of this year, according to South Daily. They report also says that during this period, China produced 82 million handsets (including GSM, GPRS and CDMA phones) and sold 80 million. Of the phones sold, 37 million were exported to other countries.

Analysts point out that China’s lack of key technologies and its heavy dependence on overseas technologies have proved to be an obstacle for development of home-made phone makers.

3.　　　　 Photography can also be an art form because artists can _____.

　A. take anything they like　　　　　　　　　 B. keep a record of real life

　C. take photos of the famous　　　　　　　 D. show ideas and feeling in pictures

2.　　　　 The first pictures of a war were taken by _____.

　A. a French photographer in the 1840s

　B. an American photographer in the 1860s

　C. a German reporter in the 1880s

　D. a French artist in the 1890s

1.　　　　 The passage is mainly about _____.

　A. the invention of cameras

　B. a kind of new art - photography

　C. the development of photography

　D. the important dates in the history of photography

4.　　　　 The way to stop water pollution is to ______.

A. realize the serious situation clearly

B. put oxygen into the river

　C. make the waste material harmless before flowing into the water

D. make special room in the sea for our rubbish

(十八)

In 1826, a Frenchman named Niepce needed pictures for his business. But he was not a good artist. So he invented a very simple camera. He put it in a window of his house and took a picture of his yard. That was the first photograph.

　The next important date in the history of photography was 1837. That year, Daguerre, another Frenchman, took a picture of his studio. He used a new kind of camera and a different process. In his pictures, you could see everything very clearly, even the smallest details. This kind of photograph was called a daguerreotype.

　Soon, other people began to use Daguerre’s process. Travelers brought back daguerreotypes from all around the world. People photographed famous buildings, cities and mountains.

　In about 1840, the process was improved. Then photographers could take pictures of people and moving things. The process was not simple. The photographers had to carry lots of films and processing equipment. But this did not stop the photographers, especially in the United States. After 1840s daguerreotype artists were popular in most cities.

　Mathew Brady was a well - known American photographer. He took many pictures of famous people. The pictures were unusual because they were very life - like and full of personality.

　Brady was also the first person to take pictures of war. His 1862 Civil War pictures showed dead soldiers and ruined cities. They made the war seem more real and more terrible.

　In the 1880s, new inventions began to change photography. Photographers could buy films readymade in rolls(卷). So they did not have to make the film themselves. Also, they did not have to process the film immediately. They could bring it back to their studios and develop it later meaning that they did not have to carry lots of equipment. And finally, the invention of the small handheld camera made photography less expensive.

　With the small camera, anyone could be a photographer. People began to use cameras just for fun. They took pictures of their families, friends and favorite places. They called these pictures “snapshot”.

　Photographs became very popular in newspapers in the 1890s. Soon magazines and books also used documentary photographs. These pictures showed true events and people. They were much more real than drawing.

　Photography also turned into a form of art by the end of the 10th century. Some photographs were not just copies of the real world. They showed ideas and feelings, like other art forms.

3.　　　　 Which of the following is harmful according to the passage?

A. Organisms

B. Plants and plankton in the water

　C. Waste water from cleaning

　D. Industrial waste made clear before flowing into the water.