2.　　　　 The living things die because there is no _____ in the lake or river.

　A. water　　　 B. fish　　　　　 　 C. poison　　　　　　　　 D. oxygen

1.　　　　 Pollution of water is noticed ______.

　A. when the first organisms are affected

　B. when a good many fish and birds die

　C. when poisonous things are poured into water

　D. as soon as the balance of nature is destroyed

4.　　　　 From the passage we know that 　　　.

A. Kraemer and his team have succeeded in cloning a dog

B. scientists try to implant a panda’s egg into a rabbit

C. Kraemer will work with Chinese scientists in clone researches

D. about two thousand of species will probably die out in a century

(十七)

　　　 As a result of pollution, Lake Erie, on the borders of the USA and Canada, is now without any living things.

　Pollution in water is not simply a matter of “poisons” killing large numbers of fish overnight, Very often the effects of pollution are not noticed for many months or years because the first organisms(生物体)to be affected are either plants or plankton. But these organisms are the food of fish and birds and other creatures. When this food disappears, the fish and birds die too. In this way a whole food chain can be wiped out, and it’s not until dead fish and water birds are seen at the river’s edge or on the seashore that people realize what is happening.

　Where do the substances which pollute the water come from? There are two main sources of sewage(污水)and industrial waste . As more detergent(洗涤剂)is used in the home, so more of it is finally put into our rivers, lakes and seas . Detergents harm water birds, dissolving the natural substances which keep their feathers water - proof. Sewage itself, if not properly treated, makes the water dirty and prevents all forms of life in rivers and the sea from receiving the oxygen they need. Industrial waste is even more harmful as there are many highly poisonous things in it, such as copper and lead(铅).

　So, if we want to stop this pollution, the answer is simple: sewage and industrial waste must be made clear before flowing into the water. It may already be too late to save some rivers and　lakes, but others can still be saved if the correct action is taken at once.

3.　　　　 The best title for the passage may be 　　　.

A. China’s Success in Pandas Cloning

B. The First Cloned Panda in the World

C. Exploring the Possibility to Clone Pandas

D. China－the Native Place of Pandas Forever

2.　　　　 According to Professor Kraemer, the major problem in cloning pandas would be the lack to 　　　.　

A. available panda eggs　 　　　　　　　　　　　　 B. host animals

C. qualified researchers　 　　　　　　　　　　　　 D. enough money

1.　　　　 The aim of “Noah’s Ark” project is to 　　　.

A. make efforts to clone the endangered pandas

B. save endangered animals from dying out

C. collect DNA of endangered animals to study

D. transfer the nuclear of one animal to another

5.　　　　 The passage mainly tells us that ______.

　　 A. there is only one type of blood in a person’s body

　　 B. a person’s blood type is decided by hair and height

　　 C. a person’s blood type can be changed into another

D. there are four basic types of blood in a person’s body

(十六)

With only about 1,000 pandas left in the world, China is desperately trying to clone the animal and save the endangered species. That’s a move similar to what a Texas A & M University researchers have been undertaking for the past five years in a project called “Noah’s Ark.”

　　 Noah’s Ark is aimed at collecting eggs, embryos(胚胎), semen and DNA of endangered animals and storing them in liquid nitrogen. If certain species should become extinct, Dr. Duane Kraemer, a professor in Texas A & M’s College of Veterinary Medicine, says there would be enough of the basic building blocks to reintroduce the species in the future.

It is estimated that as many as 2,000 species of mammals, birds, reptiles will become extinct in over 100 years. The panda, native only to China, is in danger of becoming extinct in the next 25 years.

This week, Chinese scientists said they grew an embryo by introducing cells from a dead female panda into the egg cells of a Japanese white rabbit. They are now trying to implant the embryo into a host animal.

The entire procedure could take from three to five years to complete.

“The nuclear transfer(核子移植)of one species to another is not easy, and the lack of available panda eggs could be a major problem,” Kraemer believes. “They will probably have to do several hundred transfers to result in one pregnancy (怀孕). It takes a long time and it’s difficult, but this could be groundbreaking science if it works. They are certainly not putting any live pandas at risk, so it is worth the effort,” adds Kraemer, who it one of the leaders of the Project at Texas A&M, the first-ever attempt at cloning a dog.

“They are trying to do something that’s never been done, and this is very similar to our work in Noah’s Ark. We’re both trying to save animals that face extinction. I certainly appreciate their effort and there’s a lot we can learn form what they are attempting to do. It’s a research that is very much needed.”　

4.　　　　 The writer suggests that the third most common blood type among the Europeans is ______.

　　 A. B　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 B. A　　　　　　　　　　　 C. AB　　　　　　　　　 D. O

3.　　　　 If the blood is too different from the injured, the transfusion ______.

　　 A. can help him greatly 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 　　B. could save him

　　 C. could kill him 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 　　D. can injure him

2.　　　　 Usually, a person who has been injured and lost too much blood should be given a blood transfusion ______.

　　 A. after he has a good rest 　　　　　　　　 　　B. after he receives salt or plasma

　　 C. right after the accident happens 　　　 　　D. before there are so many reactions