56. When does culture shock happen？

A. When you reach your teens

B. When you move to a big city

C. When you meet foreign people for the first time

D. When you go to live in a foreign culture

75．What was the author’s purpose when writing this passage ?

　　　 A．To discuss different methods of pruning .

　　　 B．To introduce some common knowledge of pruning .

　　　 C．To explain how trees develop disease .

　　　 D．To give practical instruction for pruning a tree .

(北京市宣武区2006-2007学年度第一学期期末质量检测)

字数2,646

姓名　　　　班级　　　日期　2007年　月　日　　　得分　　　　　　　　

56－60　BDACD　　61－65　CADCA　66－70　ABCAB　71－75　BDDCB

(五)

A

Psychologists tell us that there are four basic stages that human beings pass through when they enter and live in a new culture. This process, which helps us to deal with culture shock, is the way our brain and our personality react to the strange new things we encounter when we move from one culture to another.

Culture begins with the "honeymoon stage". This is the period of time when we first arrive in which everything about the new culture is strange and exciting. We may be suffering from "jet lag" but we are thrilled to be in the new environment, seeing new sights, hearing new sounds and language, eating new kinds of food. This stage can last for quite a long time because we feel we are involved in some kind of great adventure.

Unfortunately, the second stage can be more difficult. After we have settled down into our new life, we can become very tired and begin to miss our homeland and our family, friends, pets. All the little problems in life seem to be much bigger and more disturbing when you face them in a foreign culture. This period of cultural adjustment can be very difficult and lead to the new arrival rejecting or pulling away from the new culture.

The third stage is called the "adjustment stage". This is when you begin to realize that things are not so bad in the host culture. Your sense of humour usually becomes stronger and you realize that you are becoming stronger by learning to take care of yourself in the new place. Things are still difficult, but you are now a survivor!

The fourth stage can be called “at ease at last”. Now you feel quite comfortable in your new surroundings. You can cope with most problems that occur. You may still have problems with the language, but you know you are strong enough to deal with them.

There is a fifth stage of culture shock which many people don't know about. This is called “reverse culture shock”. Surprisingly, this occurs when you go back to your native culture and find that you have changed and that things there have changed while you have been away. Now you feel a little uncomfortable back home. Life is a struggle!

74．A good gardener prunes a tree 　　　　　.

　　　 A．several times throughout the year 　　　　 B．as quickly as possible

　　　 C．occasionally when necessary 　　　　　　　　 D．regularly every winter

73．Why is a special material painted on the tree ?

　　　 A．To help a wound to dry .　　　　　　　　　　　 B．to cover a rough surface .

　　　 C．To make a wound smooth .　　　　　　　　　 D．To prevent disease entering a wound .

72．Trees become unhealthy if the gardener 　　　　　.

　　　 A．To help a wound to dry .　　　　　　　　　　　

　　　 B．To cover a rough surface .

　　　 C．damages some of the small side branches

　　　 D．Allows too many branches to grow in the middle

71．Why should running be done ?

　　　 A．To make the tree grow taller .　　　　　　　 B．To improve the shape of the tree .

　　　 C．to get rid of the small ranches .　　　　　　 D．To make the small branches thicker .

70．In the author’s opinion ,　　　 　.

　　　 A．animal-protecting organizations should be declared illegal

　　　 B．the scientists should take effective measures to protect themselves

　　　 C．since people can lie , the problem about eh rights of scientists can’t be solved

　　　 D．animal-protecting organizations should help the police to fight against the acts of violence

against scientists

E

Trees should only be pruned (修剪) when there is a good and clear reason for doing so and , he number of such reasons is small . Pruning involves the cutting away of overgrown and unwanted branches , and the inexperienced gardener can be encouraged by the thought that more damage results from doing it unnecessarily than from leaving the tree to grow in its own way .

First , pruning may be done to make sure that trees have　 desired shape or size . The object may be to get a tree of the right height , and at the same time to help the growth of small side branches , which will thicken its appearance or give it a special shape . Secondly , pruning may be done to make the tree healthier . You may cut out diseased or dead wood , or branches that are rubbing against each other and thus cause wounds . The health of a tree may be encouraged by removing branches that are blocking up the center and so preventing the free movement of air .

One result of pruning is that an open wound is left on the tree and this provides an easy entry for disease , but it is a wound that will heal (愈合) . Often there is a race between the healing and the disease as to whether the tree will live or die , so that there is a period when the tree is at risk . It should be the aim of every gardener to reduce that risk of death as far as possible . It is important to make the area , which has been pruned , smooth and clan , for healing will be slowed down by roughness . You should allow the cut surface to dry for a few hours and then paint it with one of the materials available from garden shops produced especially for this purpose . Pruning is usually done in winter , for then you can see the shape of the tree clearly without interference (妨碍) from the leaves and also it is very unlikely that the cuts you make will bleed . If this does happen , it is , of course , impossible to paint them properly .

69．The author’s purpose in writing this article is to demand that animal-protecting organizations 　　　　　.

　　　 A．give up the use of violence

　　　 B．declare their aims clearly

　　　 C．continue the dialogue with the scientific community

　　　 D．help to fid those responsible for the attempted murder

68．Which of the following is true according to the passage ?

　　　 A．The police gave up their efforts to find the criminals .

　　　 B．The terrorists escaped with the help of their organization .

　　　 C．The attempted murder caused great anxiety among British scientists .

　　　 D．People supported the animal protectors in spite of their extremist acts .

67．The words “these developments” (Linel , Para .2 ) most probably refer to 　　　　　.

　　　 A．the use of animals in research

　　　 B．the acts of violence against scientists

　　　 C．the techniques of planting bombs in cars

　　　 D．setting up of new animal protection organizations