2． 下列情况不能使用that,而用which
① that 不能引导非限制性定语从句
Football,
which is a very interesting game, is played all over the world.
② that不能置于介词之后(介词后指物用which,指人用whom)
The person to
whom I am speaking just now is our English teacher.
The prize for
which he worked so hard was a new bicycle.
We should do everything
that we can to help the disabled.
A. everything B.
whatever C. what D. all above
2) 限制性定语从句不能用that, 其区分的意义在于：
The tourist, who
knew about the storm, stayed in the hotel.
(all the tourist)
The tourist who
knew about the storm stayed in the hotel. (only some tourists)
The weather
forecast said there would be no rain, which turned out to be not true.
3) 含有介词的关系词，只能用which; 如果介词不在关系词前则不受限制。
Do you know the
person your brother writes to?
4) Whose在从句中既可以指人也可以指物, 注意与which的转换: 名词/代词/数词+介词+which。
They lived in a
house, whose roof was broken.
=They lived in a
house, the roof of which was broken.
5) 关系代词Which/that还是关系副词where/when？取决于关系词在从句中充当什么成分。
This is the
factory where we worked last year. (where=in the factory)
6) 区分It is/was…that…强调句与带有定语从句的复合句。方法是去掉it is 和that,剩余的仍然是一个完整的句子。
It was at the
theatre that Lincoln
was murdered.
It was the
theatre where Lincoln
was murdered.
7)
有时候，标点符号也能影响句子结构。这是英语句子的联结手段决定的。
Yesterday I got
a letter from Li, which said that he was getting along well with his studies.
Yesterday I got
a letter from Li. It said that he was getting along well with his studies.
Yesterday I got
a letter from Li, and it said that he was getting along well with his studies.
8) 定冠词能够影响句子的结构。
Mr Smith is one
of the foreigners who are working in China.
Mr Smith is the
one of the foreigners who is working in China.
Is this factory
the one you visited last week?
Is this the
factory you visited last week？
9) As 和which的用法：
1)可以修饰整个句子；2)从句位置不同；3)有互换的可能。
Newton was a great scientist, is well known. A. whom B. as C. that D. which
As is known to us all,
the earth moves around the sun.
The computer is more
and more widely used in our life, which encourages us to study harder.
As we have found in the last two years, this matter
has something different from others.
All we did has been proved, as it is.
10) 含有介词短语的动词一般不能分开。
The children
whom the nurses are looking after are very healthy.
The two elements
which water consists of are oxygen and hydrogen.
比较：The apartment in which we had lived twenty years was pulled down
finally.
11) 关系代词that在定与从句中做介词宾语时，介词不能位于其前。
He is the
teacher that I borrowed the dictionary from.
He is the
teacher from whom I borrowed the dictionary.
12) 定与从句与状语从句、名词从句的辨别。注意对从句性质的判断，据此来选择适当连词。
(1)what=all that； whatever=anything that ;
You have got what
you need, what else do you want?
You have got
everything (that) you need, what else do you want?
You will surely
failed whatever you do now.
(2)whoever=anyone
who;
Whoever breaks
the rule will surely be punished.
Anyone who breaks
the rule will surely be punished.
(3)why=the
reason why；
Could you tell me
why you were late yesterday?
Could you tell me
the reason why you were late yesterday?
(4)同位语从句：
The fact that he spoke at the meeting
astonished us.
13) Reason; doubt; time; place
做先行词
This is the reason that he gave us why he was so
late.
I have no doubt that he would like to go with us.
There is still a doubt whether he could come to.
This is the place we visited last month.
14) Same; such与as/that