3. There be 的句子结构
There be是一个"存在"句型,表示"有"的意思,
肯定句的形式为:There be + 名词(单数或复数)+地点状语或时间状语。
be动词单复数的确定,看be后边第一个名词,当所接主语为单数或不可数名词时,be动词形式为is;当所接主语为复数名词时,be动词为are;当be动词后接两个以上主语时,be动词与最临近主语保持数上的一致。意思为"某地有某人或某物"。如:
There is an eraser and
two pens on the desk. 桌子上有一块橡皮和两支钢笔。
There are two pens and
an eraser on the desk. 桌上有两支钢笔和一块橡皮。
(1)there be的否定句,即在be的后面加上not。
否定形式为:There be + not + (any) + 名词+地点状语。
There is not any cat
in the room. 房间里没猫。
There aren't any books
on the desk. 桌子上没书。
(2)there be句型的疑问句就是将be提到句首:Be there + (any) +名词+地点状语?肯定回答:Yes, there is / are. 否定回答:No, there
isn't / aren't.
---Is there a dog in
the picture? 画上有一只狗吗?
---Yes, there is. 有。
---Are there any boats
in the river? 河里有船吗?
---No, there aren't. 没有。
(3)特殊疑问句:How many .
. . are there (+地点状语)?"某地有多少人或物?"回答用There be . . .
There's one. / There
are two / three / some . . .
有时直接就用数字来回答。One. / Two . . .
---How many students
are there in the classroom? 教室里有多少学生?
---There's only one. /
There are nine. 只有一个。/有九个。
(4)如果名词是不可数名词,用:How
much + 不可数名词 + is there + 地点状语?
How much water is
there in the cup? 杯中有多少水?
How much food is
there in the bowl? 碗里有多少食物?
[课题专练]