【题目】The Peales were a famous family of American artists.Charles Willson Peale is best remembered for his portraits of leading figures of the American Revolution.He painted portraits(肖像) of Franklin and Jefferson and over a dozen of George Washington.His life-size portrait of his sons Raphaelle and Titian was so realistic that George Washington reportedly once tipped his hat to the figures in the picture.

Charles Willson Peale gave up painting in his middle age and devoted his life to the Peale museum,which he founded in Philadelphia.The world’s first popular museum of art and natural science mainly covered paintings by Peale and his family as well as displays of animals in their natural settings.Peale found the animals himself and found a method to make the exhibits more lifelike.The museum’s most popular display was the skeleton (骷髅) of a huge,extinct elephant,which Peale unearthed on a New York farm in 1801.

Three of Peale’s seventeen children were also famous artists.Raphaelle Peale often painted still lives of flowers,fruit,and cheese.His brother Rembrandt studied under his father and painted portraits of many noted people,including one of George Washington.Another brother,Rubens Peale,painted mostly landscapes and portraits.

James Peale,the brother of Charles Willson Peale,specialized in miniatures (小画像).His daughter Sarah Miriam Peale was probably the first professional female portrait painter in America.

1The author mentions in Paragraph 1 that Washington tipped his hat to the figures in the painting to show that ________.

A.Charles Willson Peale’s painting was very lifelike

B.Washington respected Charles Willson Peale’s work

C.Washington was friendly with Raphaelle and Titian Peale

D.the painting of the two brothers was very large

2The underlined word “unearthed” is closest in meaning to“ ______”.

A.Showed

B.invented

C.dug up

D.looked over

3Which of the following is NOT the child of Charles Willson Peale?

A.Titian Peale.

B.Rubens Peale.

C.Raphaelle Peale.

D.Sarah Miriam Peale.

4The author’s attitude toward the Peales is in general _______.

A.Puzzled

B.admiring

C.Excited

D.disappointed

【题目】 As Internet users become more dependent on the Internet to store information, are people remembering less? If you know your computer will save information, why store it in your own personal memory, your brain? Experts are wondering if the Internet is changing what we remember and how.

In a recent study, Professor Betsy Sparrow conducted some experiments. She and her research team wanted to know how the Internet is changing memory. In the first experiment, they gave people 40 unimportant facts to type into a computer. The first group of people understood that the computer would save the information. The second group understood that the computer would not save it. Later, the second group remembered the information better. People in the first group knew they could find the information again, so they did not try to remember it.

In another experiment, the researchers gave people facts to remember, and told them where to find the information on the Internet. The information was in a specific computer folder (文件夹). Surprisingly, people later remember the folder location (位置) better than the facts. When people use the Internet, they do not remember the information. Rather, they remember how to find it. This is called "transactive memory (交互记忆)"

According to Sparrow, we are not becoming people with poor memories as a result of the Internet. Instead, computer users are developing stronger transactive memories; that is, people are learning how to organize huge quantities of information so that they are able to access it at a later date. This doesn't mean we are becoming either more or less intelligent, but there is no doubt that the way we use memory is changing.

【1】What can we learn about the first experiment?

A. Sparrow's team typed the information into a computer.

B. The first group didn’t know where the information is.

C. The two groups remembered the information equally well.

D. The second group had a better memory of the information.

【2】In transactive memory, people ______.

A. know how to access huge amounts of information later.

B. learn how to organize small amounts of information.

C. organize huge quantities of information like a computer.

D. bear huge quantities of information in mind.

【3】What is the effect of the Internet according to Sparrow's research?

A. We are becoming more intelligent.

B. We are using memory differently.

C. We have poorer memories than before.

D. We need a better way to access information.

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