3．Take a walkThink that daily walks are exercise for old people?Think again．Taking a fast walk for a——青夏教育精英家教网—

3．Take a walk
Think that daily walks are exercise for old people？Think again．Taking a fast walk for as little as 30 minutes a day can greatly improve your overall physical health and even have a positive effect on your mental condition．Walking can fit into any guy's lifestyle and is generally considered as a way to stay in shape．Consider the benefits of walking：
Walking helps you maintain a healthy weight．Since the only real way to lose weight is to in-crease the amount of calories you burn，the benefits of fast walking for at least 30 minutes a day help you take off pounds．It may not happen so fast if you run three miles a day，but over time you will find yourself in much better shape than if you spend that half an hour sitting on the couch watching TV or at the computer．
Walking strengthens muscles．When you walk，you work your muscles．In fact，walking brings into motion almost as many muscle groups as running or swimming．You will end up getting similar benefits in your muscle tone as well．
Walking helps to reduce stress and calm your emotions．Psychologists have long known that you feel better after a long walk．Getting your body moving lets out endorphins （内啡肤）that help you deal with tension from a long day or a stressful life．If you put a nice walk at the end of an otherwise stressful routine，you will find a lot of mental benefits that you won't get if you just start to deal with your family responsibilities after a hard day's work．
Adding a daily walk to your routine is not as interesting a choice as finding a tennis partner for three sets or joining a gym and increasing the latest exercise program．But it is a simple 9 healthy and totally free way to add exercise to your day no matter what your schedule or responsibilities．

Title：Take a walk
Main idea：Walking for 30 minutes a day can improve your （76）overall physicalhealth and mental condition．
The benefits of walking	Reasons
☆Walking helps you maintain a healthy weight and keep you in good （77）shape． ☆Walking makes your muscles （79 ）strengthened． ☆Walking （81）reducesyour stress and calms you down．	☆It helps to （78）burn calories so that it can make people lose weight． ☆When you're walking，many muscle groups are（80）broughtinto motion． ☆（82）Movingyour body helps to deal with the stress from work and life．If you take a nice walk after work，your mind will （83）relievefrom it．
（84）Conclusion；alking is a simple，healthy and （85）freeway to build up your body no matter how busy you are and what your responsibilities are．

2．There was one thought that air pollution affected only the area immediately around large cities with factories and heavy automobile traffic．At present，we realize that although these are the areas with the worst air pollution，the problem is actually worldwide．On several occasions over the past decade，a heavy cloud of air pollution has covered the east of the United States and brought health warnings in rural areas away from any major concentration of manufacturing and automobile traffic．In fact，the very climate of the entire earth may be infected by air pollution．Some scientists consider that the increasing concentration of carbon dioxide in the air resulting from the burning of coal and oil is creating a"greenhouse effect"．If this view is correct and the world's temperature is raised only a few degrees，much of the polar ice cap will melt and cities such as New York，Boston，Miami，and New Orleans will be in water．
Another view，less widely held，is that increasing particular matter in the atmosphere is bloc-king sunlight and lowering the earth，s temperature-a result that would be equally disastrous．A drop of just a few degrees could create something close to a new ice age，and would make agriculture difficult or impossible in many of our top farming areas．Today we do not know for sure that either of these conditions will happen （ though one recent government report drafted by experts in the field concluded that the greenhouse effect is very possible）．Perhaps，if we are lucky enough，the two tendencies will offset each other and the world's temperature will stay about the same as it is now．Driven by economic profits，people neglect the damage on our environment caused by the"advanced civilization"．Maybe the air pollution is the price the human beings have to pay for their development．But is it really worthwhile？
64．At the beginning of the passage，the writer tells us that air pollutionC
A．caused widespread damage in the countryside
B．had bad effects on people's health in the city
C．existed merely in urban and industrial areas
D．affected the entire eastern half of the United States
65．The word"offset"in the second paragraph could be replaced byA
A．make up for
B．slip into
C．catch up with
D．set up
66．It can be concluded thatD
A．almost no temperature changes have occurred over the past decade
B．the world's temperature will remain constant in the years to come
C．raising the world's temperature only a few degrees would not do much harm to life on earth
D．lowering the world's temperature merely a few degrees would lead major farming areas to disaster
67．This passage is mainly aboutB
A．the greenhouse effect
B．the potential effect of air pollution
C．the burning of fossil fuels
D．the likelihood of a new ice age．

1．Have you ever intended to be fully absorbed in your work but found yourself distracted （走神） by e-mail，the Internet and other things throughout the day？
"People often lose their concentration when they are bored，of course，but also when they are engaged in challenging tasks，"says Peter Bregman．"They sometimes have a feeling to escape from what's difficult or boring，so they jump out，"he says．The part of the brain devoted to attention is connected to the brain's emotional center．Any strong emotion-quarrels with colleagues，problems at home-can interrupt our attention．Studies over the last decade have shown that too much work to do at a time can easily lead to distraction．
Refocusing is hard for many people．Robert Epstein suggests the following，"Stop and listen to music for a few minutes．Go for a short walk or take a deep breath，where you breathe in deeply，count to five slowly，hold it and breathe out very slowly．"This can"blow out all the tension and the unwanted in your mind to restore your focus．"
Take more control by structuring your time and becoming more aware of your behaviors．"Setting the phone alarm to go off every hour is my way of creating awareness，"Mr．Bregman says，"You have to inform yourself that you've lost focus in order to do something about it．"Starting the day with a to-do list is important，such as when to eat，when to go to the gym or take a walk．But if it's overly ambitious，you will put yourself in a state of anxiety，which makes it hard for the brain to concentrate．"Choosing three or four things as your priority （优先） for the day allows your brain to settle down and focus，"he says．

Topic	How to become more （76）focused/concentratedon the work？
（77）Causesof getting distracted	▲People tend to get away from things that they're （78）fedup with． ▲Strong （79）emotions/feelingsaffect the brain's part for attention． ▲People get distracted easily if （80）given/offered/assignedmultitasks at a time．
（81）Examples/Casesof strong emotions	▲having a （82）quarrelwith a colleague． ▲meeting with problems at home
Tips on holding attention	▲Stop working to restore your focus by （83）regulating/adjustingyour breath and try different relaxing things． ▲（84）Plan/Schedule/Arrange/Structureyour time effectively and create awareness of your be-haviors． ▲Make a to-do list at the beginning of a working day． ▲Focus on 3 or 4 things and get them done （85）firstfor the day．

20．Even when you're extremely busy，you aren't using your time with 100% efficiency．There are gaps in everyone's schedule where they aren't doing anything important．Even if your schedule has no gaps，there is probably lots of time where you aren't working as fast or as effectively as you possibly could．
Why aren't you completely efficient？It's because time isn't the limiting factor．If it were the limiting factor，people could work non-stop without breaks or any unproductive distractions（消遣）．Instead，people，even those who are highly productive，need to take breaks，occasionally procrastinate（拖延） and slow down on tasks throughout the day．
The real and most important limiting factor for productivity is your energy levels to pay attention．Energy levels limit your productivity because when you're tired，you can have ample time and still not get everything done．Your attention ability is also limited，because even if there are a million things that need to be done，you can only focus on one or two at a time．
You might not be able to insert another 4-5 hours into your schedule without making some sacrifices．But even extremely busy people can add an hour or two into their schedule without cancelling anything．The reason it's hard to"find time"isn't a lack of time．It's because you don't have enough energy left to focus on something else that needs to fit into your day．
I first suspected time wasn't the real problem during an extremely busy period in my life over a year ago．I was insanely busy，but at that time I still exercised regularly．I had daily to-do lists with over twenty items，and I still found time to exercise．However，after a few weeks off，due to illness，I stopped exercising．I was not busy by any standards，in fact，my schedule was incredibly light．Despite this free time，I found it hard to find time to exercise．It seemed to get pushed later and later into my schedule until it was gone．How can I explain this odd experience？I believe you have known it．

26．If someone can't work with 100% efficiency，the most important limiting factor isD．
A．a schedule without gaps
B．breaks and distractions
C．the limited time
D．the limited energy
27．According to paragraph 4，everyone，including the extremely busy people，canC
A．work without any rest
B．focus on many things at a time
C．find some more time in a day
D．do some exercise regularly
28．After a few weeks off，what was the change of the writer's life？B
A．He had a longer daily to-do lists with over twenty items．
B．He stopped doing exercise because of the lack of energy．
C．He found it hard to find time to exercise because he was busier．
D．He pushed most of the things later and later in his schedule．
29．The writer gives the example of himself in the last paragraph in order toAA．prove what the real limiting factor is
B．show us how busily he needs to work
C．explain how important a healthy body is
D．tell us what an odd experience he has
30．What is the best title of the passage？A
A．Are You Really Lack of Time？
B．How Can You Work Efficiently？
C．What Makes Your Energy Limitedd？
D．When Should You Do Exercise？

19．Aspirin
Aspirin （acetylsalicylic acid） has been used for many years as a painkiller．It also has an anti-inflammatory （消炎） action and can be used to reduce fever．Aspirin is already recommended for people to prevent stroke and heart attack because it improves one's blood circulation．So many people already take daily aspirin as a heart drug．Although aspirin can cause deadly internal bleeding，which is relatively rare，its benefits for people are great，not only to help increase the length of people's lives，but to prevent and treat cancer，or to stop cancer spread according to the latest research．
Taking a low dose （剂量） of aspirin every day can prevent and possibly even treat cancer，fresh evidence suggests．Prof．Peter Rothwell，from Oxford University，and his colleagues，who carried out the latest work，had already linked aspirin with a lower risk of certain cancers，particularly bowel（肠） cancer．But their previous work suggested people needed to take the drug for about 10 years to get any protection．Now the protective effect occurs much sooner-within three to five years-based on a new analysis of data from 51 trials involving more than 77，000 patients．And aspirin appears not only to reduce the risk of developing many different cancers in the first place，but may also stop cancers spreading around the body．
Taking a low （75-300mg） daily dose of aspirin appeared to cut the total number of cancer cases by 25% after only three years-there were nine cancer cases per 1，000 each year in the aspirin-taking group，compared with 12 per 1，000 for those taking dummy pills．It also reduced the risk of a cancer death by 15% within five years （and sooner if the dose was higher than 300mg）．And if patients stayed on aspirin for longer，their cancer death risk went down even further-by 37% after five years．
Low-dose aspirin also appeared to reduce the probability that cancers，particularly bowel，would spread to other parts of the body，and by as much as half in some instances．However，Prof．Rothwell says for most fit and healthy people，the most important things they can do to reduce their lifetime cancer risk is to give up smoking，take exercise and-have a healthy diet．
But experts warn that there is still not enough proof to recommend it to prevent cancer cases and deaths and warn that the drug can cause dangerous side effects like stomach bleeding．Prof．Peter Johnson of Cancer Research UK，along with other experts，said it was still a good idea that people thinking of taking aspirin should first consult their doctors because of the possible side effect．And people should get some decisive advice from the government as to whether aspirin should be recommended more widely and the government should also advise the public about the benefits and risks of aspirin．

18．Easy Ways to Boost（改善）Your Mood
（71）DTaking an extra moment for yourself will make your day brighter and give you a healthier outlook on life．Here are some simple ways you can bring a little happiness into your life fight now：
1．Go for a walk．
Grab your dog，best friend，or your significant other and head out on a brisk（轻快的）walk．Just a little bit of exercise call boost your mood and give you a flesh perspective on problems that have been bothering you．Think walks are boring？（72）B．Take a trip to the mall，or even walk to get some frozen yogurt．Make it a fun trip and you'11surely make it part of your routine．
2．（73）G．
After all，laughter is the best medicine．Pick up something that makes you laugh like a funny picture，book，magazine，or a DVD of your favorite comedy．（74）F．Giving yourself time to laugh boosts feel-good endorphins（胺多酚）．
3．（75）A
Take a photo of yourself doing something you enjoy，like roller skating，skiing，swimming，playing an instrument，or being with friends and family．Place the picture on your desk to remind yourself that you lead an amazing life and have lots to be happy about．

A．Model behavior
B．Try walking to a place that seems exciting to you
C．Ten minutes of relaxation can do wonders
D．Even the most optimistic people can use a mood boost every once in a while
E．Tell someone that you're guaranteed to brighten their day
F．You could even plan a date night out to a comedy club
G．Buy something silly．

17．Don't talk to me； I'm busy with my iPhone
Riding a London subway，a person from China will notice one major difference：in London，people do not look at each other．In fact，eye contact is avoided at all times．That's not rudeness-people are just too busy to bother looking．
Busy doing what，you ask？Well，they're certainly not using the time for a moment of quiet reflection，nor are they reading a book．New technology has replaced quiet habits．Today the only acceptable form of book on the London underground is an e-book．
Apple must earn a fortune from London commuters（乘车上下班的人）．Since the launch of the iPhone in 2007，over 40，000-yes，that's 40，000-"apps"（programs downloaded for the iPhone） have been designed．
Commuters love them because they are the perfect time-fillers．One"app"，called iShoot，is a game that features tanks．Another one，Tube Exits，tells passengers where to sit on the train to be closest to the exit of their destination．ISteam clouds the iPhone screen when you breathe into the microphone．You can then write in the"steam"on your phone screen．
For those without an iPhone，another Apple product，the iPod，may be another choice．It's not just teenagers who"plug in"to their music-iPods are a popular way to pass the time for all ages．
And if games，e-books and music aren't enough to keep you occupied．Then perhaps you would prefer a film．The development of palm DVD technology means many commuters watch their favorite TV show or film on the way to work．With all this entertainments，it's amazing that people still remember to get off the train．

56．People in London do not make eye contact on the subway because they are busyD．
A．going to work
B．reading books
C．thinking private things
D．playing games，reading e-books，listening to music or watching films．
57．Those who like war games can downloadAto their iPhones．
A．iShoot
B．Tube Exits
C．ISteam
D．iPod
58．The underlined word"occupied"in the last paragraph probably meansB．
A．delighted
B．busy
C．amused
D．controlled
59．The article tells us thatC．
A．London commuters are unfriendly to strangers
B．Apple has earned a lo of money from selling 40，000iPhones
C．technology is changing the way London commuters spend their traveling time．
D．with all the new time-fillers，London commuters often forget to get off the train．

16．When we give our kids holiday gifts，many of us can't wait to hear their appreciative cries of"thank you!"once the wrapping gets ripped off．But here's a tip：You'd be wise not to expect much gratitude from them for what they receive．
Gratitude can make us happier，healthier，and even fitter．But do the kids show their gratitude for the stuff we buy them？All the research I've done has convinced me that it won't happen．One mom told me that when she asked her 16-year-old son to thank her for buying him a cellphone，he said，"But that's what moms should do．"From a teenager's angle，it's a parent's responsibility to take care of the family．According to Dunham，Yale's assistant professor of psychology，"When teenagers code it that way，a gift is no longer something given freely and voluntarily"-it's just mom and dad living up to their obligation．
Parents do have the right to demand good manners and children should thank sincerely whoever gives them something．But kids can't know how blessed they are unless they have a basis for comparison．And they don't learn that by a parent complaining that they're ungrateful．We need to give our children the gift of a wider world view．Show by example that gratitude isn't about stuff-which ultimately can't make any of us happy anyway．It's about realizing how lucky you are and paying your good fortune forward．
You can collect all the charitable appeals and sit down together with the kids to go through them．You set the budget for giving and the kids decide how it's distributed．Once the conversation about gratitude gets started，it's much easier to continue all year．Also you can set up a family routine at bedtime where kids describe three things that have made them grateful．When kids go off to college，you can text them a picture each week of something that inspires your appreciation．
Teaching children to focus on the positive and appreciate the good in their lives is perhaps the greatest gift we can give them．And we can all learn together that the things that really matter aren't on sale at a department store．

8．How do children respond when receiving gifts from their parents？D
A．They show no interest in their parents'gifts．
B．They can't wait to open their parents'gifts．
C．They show much gratitude to their parents for the gifts．
D．They take their parents'gifts for granted．
9．To make children grateful for what they have，parents shouldC．
A．live up to their obligation B．ask their children to have good manners
C．teach their children by setting an example D．complain their children are ungrateful
10．What can we learn from the last two paragraphs？A
A．No gifts are greater than teaching children to be positive and grateful．
B．Children ought to realize how lucky they are to have considerate parents．
C．Children are supposed to decide how to distribute their own money
D．It is easy for parents to start the conversation about gratitude．
11．What's the purpose of the author writing this text？B
A．To explain the reason why children offer no gratitude to their parents．
B．To give advice to parents on how to help children develop gratitude．
C．To encourage parents to do things together with their children．
D．To remind parents of their responsibility to educate their children．

15．Rain and cold weather this summer saw honey yields from hives（巢）fall by almost three-quarters，the British Beekeepers Association（BBKA）said today．The average crop per hive was down 72% compared to last year，with just 3.6kg （81b） of honey produced compared to an annual average，the annual honey survey by the BBKA revealed．
The survey of 2，712beekeepers in England，Northern Ireland and Wales found that 88% said this summer's bad weather caused the descent in honey yields．The bad weather made it difficult for bees to excrete（排泄），which led to disease easily，and the bad weather also increased the risk of keeping bees for heavy rain caused the places which bees regularly visited to meet natural disasters．The bad weather also influenced the plants flowering which increased the cost of keeping bees．The BBKA issued a midsummer warning to feed bees if necessary to avoid dying from hunger．But in London，which recorded the worst results with just 2.5kg （5.61b）of honey harvested on average，beekeeping experts said that in addition to the bad weather there was a lack of food for bees in the city．
Angela Woods，secretary of the London Beekeepers Association，said，"Rather than putting beehives on office roofs，we encourage companies in London that want to help to look at different ways of supporting bees and beekeepers．We need more food for the bees and better-educated beekeepers．"
Elsewhere，the weather was the main problem．Peter Hutton，a beekeeper in Tunbridge Wells，Kent，said，"It has been the most difficult year I have known in my 53years of beekeeping．Bad weather in spring prevented bees in many areas from collecting nectar（花蜜）from early-flowering crops such as oilseed rape（油菜），and the rain continued in many places throughout June and July，preventing honeybees from searching for food on later crops．"
The BBKA warned that as well as reducing the honey harvest，the bad weather is likely to have a longer-term influence as it will have affected the normal process of breeding for the queens，which mate（交配）on the wing on fine，still summer days．As a result they may have mated poorly and be unable to produce enough new babies to see groups through the winter．

66．According to the passage，last year the average crop per hive might beD．
A.5kg B.7.2kg C.10kg D.13kg
67．The underlined word"descent"meansA．
A．fall B．rise C．disease D．variety
68．What caused the lack of food？C
A．The bad weather in both autumn and winter．
B．The bad weather in both winter and spring．
C．The bad weather in both spring and summer．
D．The bad weather in both summer and autumn．
69．What does the last paragraph mainly tell us？B
A．The bad weather just affects honey harvest．
B．The bad weather has effect on bees'breeding．
C．The bad weather only has a short-term impact on bees．
D．The bad weather has effect on bees'life in winter．
70．Which of the following statements is NOT true according to the passage？A
A．The quality of the honeybees is influenced by the bad weather．
B．London companies are encouraged to take part in helping bees and beekeepers．
C．Both the cost and the risk of keeping bees are increased because of the bad weather．
D．Better-educated beekeepers are needed to improve the bad situations that the bad weather brought to bees．

14．Cell phone use and texting are increasingly common，especially among teens．And that could be a problem．Texting affects learning and performing on test，a new study finds．So a Montana teen，Colin decided to test that．
They asked 47classmates to take part in a two-part experiment．The goal was to test how well these students understood written material．Each one had to read a paragraph or two about a certain topic，then answer questions about it．
In the first part，the participants had 15minutes to understand and then answer questions about six readings．Throughout this test，they met no distractions．
During a new set of readings，the brothers sent messages to the participants'cell phones every 90seconds．In each message，there were questions that required a reply．
Participants should have scored better on the second test because it was easier．In fact，they scored worse when distracted by messages．Only a few students scored as well when replying to messages as they did when undistracted．But importantly，nobody performed better during the texting part．
The brothers presented details of their findings at the Intel International Science and Engineering Fair．Boys and girls scored equally poorly while texting，the brothers noticed．Older participants didn't do any better than younger ones．And it didn't matter if a student thought he was good at multitasking．On average，the brothers found that even students who were confident of their abilities did just as poorly while texting．Surprisingly，even though the students remembered less of what they read while texting，most of them answered questions in messages perfectly．
"Our teachers are very happy to see these results，"says Coler．The teens'new data strongly support their teachers'opinion that texting while studying is a serious distraction．

61．What did Colter and Colin want to test？C
A．Cell phone use and texting are more common．
B．Teens should avoid cell phone use and texting．
C．Texting affects students'performance on test．
D．The effect of texting differs from person to person．
62．What can we learn from the two-part experiment？B
A．The written material in the two parts was the same．
B．Participants in part 2received more than one message．
C．The time of the test in two parts was the same．
D．All the participants were distracted by messages．
63．The brothers'findings were related to participants'A．
A．reading performance B．quality C．writing ability D．reading speed
64．From the results of the experiment，we can findD．
A．boys were better at multitasking than girls
B．the easier the tests were，the more mistakes were made
C．nobody did good jobs in the two-part experiment
D．some students'test results were not affected by texting
65．What's Colter's teachers'attitude toward the results？C
A．Surprised． B．Worried． C．Satisfied． D．Serious．

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