题目内容

19.Aspirin
Aspirin (acetylsalicylic acid) has been used for many years as a painkiller.It also has an anti-inflammatory (消炎) action and can be used to reduce fever.Aspirin is already recommended for people to prevent stroke and heart attack because it improves one's blood circulation.So many people already take daily aspirin as a heart drug.Although aspirin can cause deadly internal bleeding,which is relatively rare,its benefits for people are great,not only to help increase the length of people's lives,but to prevent and treat cancer,or to stop cancer spread according to the latest research.
Taking a low dose (剂量) of aspirin every day can prevent and possibly even treat cancer,fresh evidence suggests.Prof.Peter Rothwell,from Oxford University,and his colleagues,who carried out the latest work,had already linked aspirin with a lower risk of certain cancers,particularly bowel(肠) cancer.But their previous work suggested people needed to take the drug for about 10 years to get any protection.Now the protective effect occurs much sooner-within three to five years-based on a new analysis of data from 51 trials involving more than 77,000 patients.And aspirin appears not only to reduce the risk of developing many different cancers in the first place,but may also stop cancers spreading around the body.
Taking a low (75-300mg) daily dose of aspirin appeared to cut the total number of cancer cases by 25% after only three years-there were nine cancer cases per 1,000 each year in the aspirin-taking group,compared with 12 per 1,000 for those taking dummy pills.It also reduced the risk of a cancer death by 15% within five years (and sooner if the dose was higher than 300mg).And if patients stayed on aspirin for longer,their cancer death risk went down even further-by 37% after five years.
Low-dose aspirin also appeared to reduce the probability that cancers,particularly bowel,would spread to other parts of the body,and by as much as half in some instances.However,Prof.Rothwell says for most fit and healthy people,the most important things they can do to reduce their lifetime cancer risk is to give up smoking,take exercise and-have a healthy diet.
But experts warn that there is still not enough proof to recommend it to prevent cancer cases and deaths and warn that the drug can cause dangerous side effects like stomach bleeding.Prof.Peter Johnson of Cancer Research UK,along with other experts,said it was still a good idea that people thinking of taking aspirin should first consult their doctors because of the possible side effect.And people should get some decisive advice from the government as to whether aspirin should be recommended more widely and the government should also advise the public about the benefits and risks of aspirin.

分析 短文介绍了药物阿司匹林的功能,以及可能存在的副作用,通过很多事例表明阿司匹林对于癌症的减少以及减少癌症的扩散,但专家建议服用之前还是得咨询医生以及要了解其利弊.

解答 71.kill/relieve/release/reduce/remove;由句子Aspirin (acetylsalicylic acid) has been used for many years as a painkiller.可知阿司匹林很多年来都被人用做止痛药,即用来缓解/减少疼痛的.
72.heart;由句子Aspirin is already recommended for people to prevent stroke and heart attack可知阿司匹林可用来防止中风和心脏病.
73.side;由句子Although aspirin can cause deadly internal bleeding,which is relatively rare,可知阿司匹林会引起致命的内出血,这是 它的一个副作用,因此用side effect来表达.
74.bleeding;由句子Although aspirin can cause deadly internal bleeding,which is relatively rare,可知阿司匹林会引起致命的内出血,但这是罕见的.
75.quarter/fourth;由句子Taking a low (75-300mg) daily dose of aspirin appeared to cut the total number of cancer cases by 25% after only three years可知每天服用少量的阿司匹林会减少25%的癌症例子,25%可表达为a quarter/fourth. 
76.reduce/lower/decrease/prevent;由句子It also reduced the risk of a cancer death by 15% within five years (and sooner if the dose was higher than 300mg).And if patients stayed on aspirin for longer,their cancer death risk went down even further-by 37% after five years.可知它也会减少癌症的死亡率.
77.possible/probable;由句子Low-dose aspirin also appeared to reduce the probability that cancers,particularly bowel,would spread to other parts of the body,可知服用少量的阿司匹林有可能减少癌症的扩散.
78.Experts'/Reserchers';短文最后一段提及的是专家的观点,故答案为 Experts'/Reserchers'.
79.before;由句子 it was still a good idea that people thinking of taking aspirin should first consult their doctors because of the possible side effect.可知人们在服用阿司匹林前应咨询医生以防有什么副作用.
80.advised,由最后一句And people should get some decisive advice from the government as to whether aspirin should be recommended more widely and the government should also advise the public about the benefits and risks of aspirin.可知政府应该对于服用阿司匹林的好处和弊处对公众进行忠告.

点评 在做表格阅读时,首先需要快速的浏览全文,把握文章的主旨大意;其次要学会带着问题到文中相应的地方,通过细节阅读来寻找或概括答案;最后理清作者的写作思路也非常重要;做此类题时,要多注意一些关键词的提取,以及结构上的搭配.

练习册系列答案
相关题目
10.Eating too much fatty food,exercising too little and smoking can raise your future risk of heart disease.But there is another factor that can cause your heart problems more immediately:the air you breathe.
Previous studies have linked high exposure (暴露)to environmental pollution to an increased risk of heart problem,but two analyses(分析) now show that poor air quality can lead to heart attack or stroke (中风)within as little as a few hours after exposure.In one review of the research,scientists found that people exposed to high levels of pollutants (污染物)were up to 5% more likely(可能的) to suffer a heart attack within days of exposure than those with lower exposure.A separate study of stroke patients showed that even air that the U.S.Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) considers to be of"moderate"(良好)quality and relatively safe for our health can raise the risk of stroke as much as 34% within 12to 14hours of exposure.
The authors of both studies stress(强调)that these risks are relatively(相对的)small for healthy people and certainly modest compared with other risk factors such as smoking and high blood pressure.However,it is important to be aware of these dangers because everyone is exposed to air pollution regardless of lifestyle choices.So stricter regulation(规章制度)by the EPA of pollutants may not only improve environmental air quality but could also become necessary to protect public health.

32.The text mainly discusses the relationship betweenA.
A.heart problems and air quality          
B.heart problems and exercising
C.heart problems and smoking           
D.heart problems and fatty food
33.The underlined word"modest"in Paragraph 3most probably meansC.
A.relatively high                 
B.extremely(极大地)low
C.relatively low                       
D.extremely high
34.What can we learn from the text?D
A.Eating fatty food has immediate effects on your heart.
B.The EPA conducted many studies on air quality.
C.Moderate air quality is more harmful than smoking,
D.Stricter regulations on pollutants should be made.
35.The author's purpose of writing the text is most likely toA.
A.inform      
B.persuade(说服)    
C.describe      
D.entertain(娱乐)
7.首先请阅读以下宠物的信息:
A.Not named yet:baby,female
It's a small grey cat with long hair and deep blue eyes.It is very friendly and can get along well with dogs.I can't keep it because I have too many pets,but I can't just let it go outside.If you are looking for a cat,please let me know.And I will send it to you,but you'll have to pay my travel fees.
B.Brooke:orange and white,young,female
She's a shy cat and likes to be alone at first.Once she gets familiar with you,she is very sweet and loves to be in your lap and play with you.She also loves to talk.The owner shouldn't be a smoker.For free.
C.Sammi Hammi:adult,male
Sammi Hammi,a blue and gold bird,is looking for his forever home.He loves dogs and likes to sing and dance.He will take your ear off while you cook!He loves delicious food and he is a great boy who loves attention.The new owner will have to pay an adoption fee and for his cage.
D.Buster:black and white,young,male
He will be the sweetest cat you will ever meet.He likes to play and gets along well with other pets.Anyone who gets this guy will love him!For free.
E.Zoey:American Bulldog,adult,female
My dog Zoey is three years old and is very outgoing.She loves the outdoors and she loves kids.She is good at looking after other dogs.She also likes being around people.I need to find her a good home.I would like someone with children and other dogs to take her.For free.
F.Rebel and Maverick:young,male
Both Rebel and Maverick will be 2years old soon.They're wonderful dogs,but I can no longer keep them for some reasons.They love children.A home with children would be the best.They also get along well with other animals.The most suitable place for them is a home with a yard because they love to be outside.600dollars

阅读以下人员的信息,然后为他们选择合适的宠物:
46.Alice and her 10-year-old twin sons live in a house with a big yard.She's looking  for some pets to play with the boys.A pair of dogs is preferred.Money isn't a problem.F
47.Tom,63years old,has no children.His wife died last year and he's very lonely.He would like to have a pet that he can talk to.He used to be a cook and loves birds very much,but he doesn't like cats.C
48.Bruce has a dog and he's looking for another pet.It must be male and be able to get along well with his dog.Also,the pet has to be free.D
49.Neil plans to find a female pet for his daughter.She loves orange and white cats.There are no smokers in the family.Free pets are preferred.B
50.Max is looking for an adult dog to join his family.He has 3children and two baby dogs.He hopes the new pet can help look after the baby dogs and play with his children.E.
14.Cell phone use and texting are increasingly common,especially among teens.And that could be a problem.Texting affects learning and performing on test,a new study finds.So a Montana teen,Colin decided to test that.
They asked 47classmates to take part in a two-part experiment.The goal was to test how well these students understood written material.Each one had to read a paragraph or two about a certain topic,then answer questions about it.
In the first part,the participants had 15minutes to understand and then answer questions about six readings.Throughout this test,they met no distractions.
During a new set of readings,the brothers sent messages to the participants'cell phones every 90seconds.In each message,there were questions that required a reply.
Participants should have scored better on the second test because it was easier.In fact,they scored worse when distracted by messages.Only a few students scored as well when replying to messages as they did when undistracted.But importantly,nobody performed better during the texting part.
The brothers presented details of their findings at the Intel International Science and Engineering Fair.Boys and girls scored equally poorly while texting,the brothers noticed.Older participants didn't do any better than younger ones.And it didn't matter if a student thought he was good at multitasking.On average,the brothers found that even students who were confident of their abilities did just as poorly while texting.Surprisingly,even though the students remembered less of what they read while texting,most of them answered questions in messages perfectly.
"Our teachers are very happy to see these results,"says Coler.The teens'new data strongly support their teachers'opinion that texting while studying is a serious distraction.

61.What did Colter and Colin want to test?C
A.Cell phone use and texting are more common.
B.Teens should avoid cell phone use and texting.
C.Texting affects students'performance on test.
D.The effect of texting differs from person to person.
62.What can we learn from the two-part experiment?B
A.The written material in the two parts was the same.
B.Participants in part 2received more than one message.
C.The time of the test in two parts was the same.
D.All the participants were distracted by messages.
63.The brothers'findings were related to participants'A.
A.reading performance  B.quality   C.writing ability  D.reading speed
64.From the results of the experiment,we can findD.
A.boys were better at multitasking than girls
B.the easier the tests were,the more mistakes were made
C.nobody did good jobs in the two-part experiment
D.some students'test results were not affected by texting
65.What's Colter's teachers'attitude toward the results?C
A.Surprised.  B.Worried.  C.Satisfied.  D.Serious.
4.Is True Friendship Dying Away?
Just as our daily life is becoming more technologically connected,we are losing other more meaningful relationship.
To anyone paying attention these days,it's clear that social media-whether Twitter,Facebook,or Iinkedln-are changing the way we conduct relationship.Face-to-face chatting is giving way to texting and messaging; people even prefer these electronic exchanges to,for instance,simply talking on a phone.Among these smaller trends,growing research suggests we could be entering a period of crisis for the entire concept of friendship.Where is all this leading modern-day society?Perhaps to a dark place,a lonelier society where electronic craze slowly replaces the joys of human contact.
Typically,the pressures of urban life are blamed.Witness crowded bars and restaurants after work:We have plenty of acquaintances,though perhaps few individuals we can turn to and share close relationships.American sociologists have tracked related trends on a broader scale,well beyond the urban jungle.According to work published in the American Sociological Review,the average American has only two close friends,and a quarter don't have any.
While social networking sites and the like have grown dramatically,the crucial element is the quality of the connections they establish.A connection may only be a click away,but establishing a good friendship takes more.It seems common sense to conclude that"friending"online brings about shallow relationships as the term"friending"itself implies.
No single person is at fault,of course.The pressures on friendship today are broad.They arise from the demands of work,or a general busyness that means we have less quality time for others.How many individuals would say that friendship is the most important thing in their lives,only to move thousands of miles across the continent to take up a better-paid job?
Of course,we learn how to make friends or not in our childhood.Recent studies on childhood and how the contemporary life of the child affects friendships are illuminating(启示).A central conclusion often reached relates to a lack of what is called"unstructured time".Structured time results from the way an average day is arranged for our kids-time for school,time for homework,time for music practice,even time for play.Yet too often today,no period is left unstructured.After all,who these days lets his child just wander off down the street?We simply"hang out",with no tasks,no deadlines and no pressures.It is in those moments that children and adults alike can get to know others for who they are in themselves.
Aristotle had an attractive expression to capture the thought:close friends,he observed,"share salt together."It's not just that they sit together,passing the salt across the meal table.It's that they sit with one another across the course of their lives,sharing its moments,bitter and sweet."The desire for friendship comes quickly; friendship does not."Aristotle also remarked.
If there is a secret to close friendship,that's it.Put down the device; engage the person.Title:Is True Friendship Dying Away?
11.The western world has always been divided into two types of people-the cool and the uncool.It is a division that(36)D in school.The cool kids are good at (37)C.They are (38)Bwith the opposite sex.They are good-looking and people want to (39)Atheir style.They can do their homework but they don't make a big effort.That would (40)A be cool.
The uncool kids are in the other corner of the playground.They are very bright,but they don't have great(41)Cskills and they are (42)D at sports.When they are not programming computers or doing calculus(微积分)in their heads,they are reading comic books and watching shows like the"X Files".They are (43)A as the geeks(古怪的人).
Here's the news.The geeks are (44)C.Make friends with them now or they will put virus in your computer and(45)C your maths homework to ruin.Geeks might not be popular at school,yet they do pass their examinations,and they might not be too popular at university,but  (46)B good degrees.
The most important(47)A of the 21st century,computers and IT,has been at least partly created by geeks.Geek heroes like Bill Gates(48)D others to follow their example.Being a geek is a way of earning good money.And the creation of the Internet gave them a(49)C of their own to work and play in,making them a global(50)A.Besides,the effect of the geeks (51)Bpopular culture has started a new trend.It is now cool to be (52)D.Geek culture is becoming an important part of general popular culture,in which what you know is more important than(53)C you look like.
But there are also(54)B.Geeks were often bullied or laughed at in school.Now a geek may be your boss.Perhaps it is time for (55)A.

36.A.continuesB.makesC.remainsD.starts
37.A.computersB.studyC.sportsD.maths
38.A.pleasantB.popularC.crazyD.average
39.A.copyB.advanceC.takeD.act
40.A.notB.indeedC.perhapsD.actually
41.A.speakingB.operatingC.socialD.experimental
42.A.speechlessB.sharpC.activeD.hopeless
43.A.knownB.referredC.thoughtD.admired
44.A. taking onB.taking upC.taking overD.taking in
45.A.putB.causeC.bringD.serve
46.A.winB.takeC.wishD.finish
47.A.industryB.discoveryC.progressD.development
48.A.promiseB.discourageC.demandD.excite
49.A.chanceB.spaceC.worldD.career
50.A.forceB.companyC.organizationD.department
51.A.ofB.onC.inD.for 
52.A.richB.attractiveC.handsomeD.uncool
53.A.howB.thatC.whatD.how much
54.A.opportunitiesB.dangersC.possibilityD.question
55.A.punishmentB.argumentC.competitionD.employment

违法和不良信息举报电话:027-86699610 举报邮箱:58377363@163.com

精英家教网