题目内容

应用文写作

假设一个来自英国的学生代表团在你校举办艺术节(Art Festival)期间来访,并受邀观看英语歌曲大赛。请根据以下要点写一篇欢迎辞。

1. 表示对客人的欢迎。

2. 介绍歌曲大赛(如活动时间、地点、目的、内容等)。

3. 表达对客人的祝愿。

注意:

1. 字数80左右(开头和结尾已给出,但不计入总字数);

2. 可以适当增加细节,以使行文连贯。

Dear British guests,

_______________________________________________________________________________

_______________________________________________________________________________

_______________________________________________________________________________

_______________________________________________________________________________

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_______________________________________________________________________________

Thank you.

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Conventional wisdom is a major barrier to innovation(创新)that threatens the survival of companies everywhere. It’s based on the assumption that old ideas will always work, so they shouldn’t be challenged. While this may be a valid assumption in situations that don’t change, it’s unlikely to hold true in a changing situation. In today’s rapid changing global environment, old methods often don’t work, and stubbornly using them can lead to major problems.

Most people seem to agree with conventional wisdom because it gives one a false sense of security. If everyone else believes it, then it must be tree. Individuals who use conventional wisdom are certain that they are right, and being fight is good. They want to continue using old ideas rather than take risks with changes that might not work. In 1977, Ken Olsen, co-founder and CEO of Digital Equipment Corporation(DEC), stated “There is no reason for any individual to have a computer in his home.” Despite being a dominant leader in the computer industry, DEC no longer exists.

People seem to forget that since innovation is a change, there can be no innovation without change. Unfortunately, conventional wisdom prevents leaders, followers and companies from changing and therefore innovating. If companies don’t innovate, but their competitors do, the future is likely to be problematic(成问题的). Breaking from conventional wisdom has led to many of the most innovative companies and products in history across many industries, so it has a powerful effect on business success.

Ted Turner(founder of CNN) knew little, if anything, about the news business, but he knew it was inconvenient to watch news only at the dinner hour, as was common before CNN. Turner’s solution was to create a cable (有线的)channel devoted to news 24 hours a day. The news establishment reflected conventional wisdom at the time, and predicted his idea would fail because no one wanted to watch the news all day. However, it doesn’t take a rocket scientist to understand that viewers don’t have to watch the news all day for the CNN to work. Viewers just have to watch when they want to get information. Due to conventional thinking, the critics failed to recognize the opportunity that was clear to Ted. They assumed that only what was familiar to them could work in the future.

Conventional wisdom prevents creativity, flexibility and risk-taking, so unconventional leaders enthusiastically break from it. To survive, boom and maintain competitive advantage, companies must be flexible when reacting to change.

1.DEC has disappeared probably because ________.

A. the CEO stuck to the conventional ideas

B. the consumers didn’t like its products

C. the leaders lacked the sense of security

D. the employees took many risks with changes

2.The founding of CNN is used as an example to prove ________.

A. missing opportunities could lead to failure

B. watching news at the dinner hour is convenient

C. changing could contribute to business success

D. conventional wisdom influences business success

3.What does the underlined part probably mean?

A. Rocket scientists can ensure the CNN works properly.

B. It’s easy to know people needn’t watch the news all the time.

C. It’s necessary to understand when people watch the news.

D. Most of the viewers don’t like to watch the news at work.

4.The passage is mainly written to tell us that ________.

A. old methods are changing with time

B. opportunities lead to business success

C. successful companies need wise leaders

D. conventional wisdom limits innovation

根据短文内容,从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。

Everyone has heard of Groundhog Day (土拨鼠日). 1._________.

People in America think that the groundhog awakens from its winter’s sleep on February 2nd. The groundhog comes out of its hole. If the sun is shining, it will see its shadow. The shadow scares it. So it runs back into its hole. This means six more weeks of winter. If the day is cloudy, it will not see its shadow. Since it is not scared, it stays out of its hole. 2._________. These are the same things we say on Groundhog Day today.

3.________. They are known mainly to country people. City people just don’t know how to look for them. City people think that a groundhog sitting by its hole may look like a root(根). It could also be seen as a clod (块) of earth. Or it may look like a broken fence-post(栅栏柱). But a farmer sees groundhogs anywhere he looks. They’ll be watching like guards.

The groundhog is a native American. 4.________. It may also appear as far north as Alaska. It is hated by farmers. The groundhog eats a third of its weight in a day. What a big appetite(胃口)!It may eat about a half-ton of alfalfa(苜蓿) in a summer. So 10 groundhogs in a big field would eat five tons.

Why do groundhogs eat so much? To prepare for winter. 5._________ .This extra food is changed to fat. This fat is what they live on during their long winter’s sleep.

A. It is an American holiday.

B. Groundhogs are strange animals.

C .This means that spring will soon come.

D. There are several ways to protect the groundhog.

E. In the fall, when there is a lot of food, they fill up.

F. It is found in most states east of the Rockies(落基山脉).

G. While it is not one of your major holidays, it is one that children love.

Not only fashion and music are making a return—houses built in 1970s have proven to be better at cutting energy waste than those built today. The “tea cosy (茶壶套)” design, created in the mid-1970s and built in the early 1980s for low-income people, could provide a blueprint for meeting the Government aims of producing less CO2 from homes.

The 200 houses were designed to provide low-energy housing, and depend on an inner concrete (水泥) structure that holds in heat, protected by highly insulated (隔热的) setting which produces a “tea cosy” effect. The ordinary-looking houses also depend on more windows on south-facing sides, with northerly facing doors protected by porches (门廊).

A study found the houses are 50 percent more energy efficient than the average home and use a quarter of the average energy for space heating. According to researchers, they use less than two-thirds of the power of homes built to meet 2010 building demands. And they will still be 25 percent more efficient than houses built to even more strict proposed demands for 2013. The design is one of the few that will be able to meet 2016 demands for zero-carbon homes.

They were in the beginning fixed with just one or two gas heaters per home, although most now have central heating, depending on the heat from the sun and high insulation to keep steady temperatures inside the house. To be comfortable, they only need to use heating for three to four months a year, compared with seven months for UK home on average, and can be lived with no heating at all.

With many house builders at present worrying that new homes are going to be much more expensive to build in order to meet the Government’s ambitious targets, the“tea cosy”model meets this need perfectly.

1.The underlined word“blueprint”is closest in meaning to _________.

A. photo B. model C. service D. map

2.The writer develops Paragraph 3 mainly by_________.

A. analyzing data

B. giving examples

C. presenting reasons

D. making comparisons

3.According to the passage, “tea cosy” houses are better at __________.

A. saving heat for energy efficiency

B. producing solar energy at home

C. designing and building materials

D. saving building materials and energy

If you are tired of common hotel rooms, maybe it’s time to climb into a tree. A new generation of tree houses are appearing across the world, and designer Roderick Romero says he knows why and he said “They're magical. I’ve never seen someone climb into a tree house and not smile.”

Edisto River Canadys, S. C.

Before you can stay in one of the wilderness tree houses, you first have to canoe down the Edisto River. The paddle-in homes offer a cooking gear and comfortable sleeping bed. “It’s a really good place to get back to nature,” Romero says. The lofts have gas stoves and are lit by lanterns. The website: caneosc.com

Treehotel

Romero was astonished when he first saw the buildings at this hotel 40 miles south of the Arctic Circle in northern Sweden. “It blew my mind. I couldn’t believe what I was seeing.” he says. The hotel rooms draws heavily on spare Scandinavian design. “Architecturally this is one of the coolest ideas for a tree house.’’ The website: treehotel.se

Hideaway Cafe

While most treehouses are found in the woods, this coffee shop and inn turns the idea on its head with a location in downtown Tokyo. The building itself stands on stilts with a tree growing through the center of it. The cafe was the first treehouse designed by Kobayashi Takashi, who has since created more than 120 homes. “He’s one of my heroes.” Romero says, “In the treehouse community, he’s who we talk about the most.” The website: treehouse.jp/ hideaway/.

Tongabezi

One of the world’s most stylish treehouses perches in a tree alongside the Zambezi River near Victoria Falls. The large pine deck holds a bed and Turkish carpets. Guests can go on safati, or simply stay in their perch and watch for hippos playing in the river. The website: below.tongabezi.com.

1.What Roderick Romero said in the first paragraph means _____.

A. People are fond of magic performance

B. Treehouses are popular with many people

C. It is difficult to build the house in the trees

D. People always get rid of common hotels

2.What made Treehotel impressive?

A. Its position B. Its design

C. Its height D. Its price

3.If people want to know the treehouse with Turkish carpets, they should visit _____.

A. The website: caneosc.com

B. The website: treehotel.se

C. The website: treehouse.jp/ hideaway/.

D. The website: below.tongabezi.com.

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