ÌâÄ¿ÄÚÈÝ
20£®ÇëÐÞ¸ÄÏÂÃæ¶ÌÎÄ£® ÎÄÖй²ÓÐ10´¦ÓïÑÔ´íÎó£®Ã¿´¦´íÎó½öÉæ¼°Ò»¸öµ¥´ÊµÄÔö¼Ó¡¢É¾³ý»òÐ޸ģ®Ôö¼Ó£ºÔÚȱ´Ê´¦¼ÓÒ»¸ö©×Ö·ûºÅ£¨¡Ä£©£¬²¢ÔÚÆäÏÂÃæд³ö¸Ã¼ÓµÄ´Ê£®
ɾ³ý£º°Ñ¶àÓàµÄ´ÊÓÃбÏߣ¨©…£©»®µô£®
Ð޸ģºÔÚ´íµÄ´ÊÏ»®Ò»ºáÏߣ¬²¢ÔڸôÊÏÂÃæд³öÐ޸ĺóµÄ´Ê£®
×¢Ò⣺1£®Ã¿´¦´íÎó¼°ÆäÐ޸ľù½öÏÞÒ»´Ê£®
2£®Ö»ÔÊÐíÐÞ¸Ä10´¦£¬¶àÕߣ¨´ÓµÚ11´¦Æ𣩲»¼Æ·Ö£®
3£®Çë°´ÒªÇ󽫴ð°¸ÌîÈë´ðÌ⿨£®
Dear Tom£¬
Thank you for write to me£®In your e-mail£¬you asked me how my life was in the senior school£®
Well£¬my life here is really amazed£¬and it makes me feel excited and a little stressed£®Talking of senior English learning£¬I have learned about some interesting and meaningful topic£®From Anne's Diary£¬I have learned about her family hid away for over two years in order to be caught by the German Nazis during World War II£®Beside£¬I have learned about the development of English£®In a fact£¬the English language has changed quite a lot over the last four centuries£®In addition£¬what impresses me most is the Tangshan earthquake£¬it almost destroyed the whole city£®It were people£¬including workers£¬doctors that came to rescue those who were trapping under the ruins£®
Well£¬I will tell you more next time if you are interested£®
Yours£¬
Li Hua£®
·ÖÎö ±¾ÎĽéÉÜÁË×÷ÕߵĸßÖÐÉú»î£®
ÎÒµÄÉú»îÐË·ÜÓÖÓÐÒ»µãѹÁ¦£¬ÔÚÓ¢ÓïѧϰÀÎÒÁ˽⵽ÁËһЩÓÐȤÓÖÓÐÒâÒåµÄ»°Ì⣬´Ó¡¶°²ÄÝÈռǡ·ÎÒÖªµÀÁËËýÃÇÒ»¼ÒÈËΪÁ˶ã±ÜÄÉ´â²ØÁËÁ½Äê¶à£»ÎÒ»¹Á˽âÁËÓ¢ÓïµÄ·¢Õ¹£»ÌÆɽ´óµØÕð¸øÎÒÁôÏÂÉî¿ÌµÄÓ¡Ïó£®
½â´ð Thank you for write to me£®In your e-mail£¬you asked me how my life was in the senior school£®
Well£¬my life here is really amazed£¬and it makes me feel excited and a little stressed£®Talking of senior English learning£¬I have learned about some interesting and meaningful topic£®From Anne's Diary£¬I have learned about her family hid away for over two years in order¡Äto be caught by the German Nazis during World War II£®Beside£¬I have learned about the development of English£®In a fact£¬the English language has changed quite a lot over the last four centuries£®In addition£¬what impresses me most is the Tangshan earthquake£¬it almost destroyed the whole city£®It were people£¬including workers£¬doctors that came to rescue those who were trapping under the ruins£®
Well£¬I will tell you more next time if you are interested£®
½âÎö£º
1£®Write--writing£®¿¼²é·ÇνÓﶯ´Ê£®½é´Ê for Óö¯Ãû´Êwriting×ö±öÓ
2£®Amazed--amazing£®¿¼²éÐÎÈݴʱæÎö£®×ö±íÓÐÞÊÎÖ÷Óï my life here Óà amazing£¬±íʾ"ÁîÈ˳ԾªµÄ"£®
3£®Topic--topics£®¿¼²éÃû´Ê¸´Êý£®someÐÞÊοÉÊýÃû´ÊµÄ¸´Êýtopics£®
4£®about--that»òÈ¥µôabout£®¿¼²é¾äʽ£®learnÊǼ°Îﶯ´Ê£¬ËùÒÔÁ¬½Ó±öÓï´Ó¾äʱ£¬ÒªÈ¥µôabout£¬»òÕ߸ÄΪthat£®
5£®orderºÍtoÖ®¼ä¼Ónot£®¿¼²é¾äÒåÒ»Ö£®±¾¾ä±íʾ"ΪÁ˲»±»ÄÉ´â׽ס"£¬ËùÒÔorderºÍtoÖ®¼ä¼Ónot£®
6£®Beside--besides£®¿¼²é´ÊÐÎÏàËÆ´Ê£®±¾¾ä±íʾ"´ËÍâÎÒÒ²Á˽âÁËÓ¢ÓïµÄ·¢Õ¹"£¬ËùÒÔÓÃbesides±íʾ"´ËÍâ"£¬Beside±íʾ"ÔÚ¡µÄÅÔ±ß"£®
7£®È¥µôfactÇ°ÃæµÄa£®¿¼²é¹Ú´Ê£®¹Ì¶¨¶ÌÓïIn fact ±íʾ"ʵ¼ÊÉÏ"£®
8£®it--which£®¿¼²é¶¨Óï´Ó¾ä£®Òýµ¼·ÇÏÞÖÆÐÔ¶¨Óï´Ó¾ä£¬´úÖ¸ÏÈÐдÊthe Tangshan earthquake£¬×ö´Ó¾äµÄÖ÷ÓÓÃwhich£®
9£®were--was£®¿¼²éÇ¿µ÷¾äʽ£®Ç¿µ÷Ö÷Óïpeople£¬including workers£¬doctors£¬ÓÃÓÚÒ»°ã¹ýȥʱ̬£¬ÓÃit was¡that£®Ç¿µ÷¾äʽÀï²»ÓÃare£¬were£®
10£®trapping--trapped£®¿¼²é±»¶¯Óï̬£®Î½Óﶯ´ÊtrapºÍÖ÷Óï who Ö®¼äÊDZ»¶¯¹Øϵ£¬ËùÒÔÓùýÈ¥·Ö´Êtrapped£®
µãÆÀ ¿¼²é¶ÌÎÄ¸Ä´í£®
£®Ç¿µ÷¾äµÄ½á¹¹ÊÇ£ºIt+be+Ç¿µ÷²¿·Ö+that £¨who£©+Ö÷ν¾ä£®Ç¿µ÷¾äµÄÁ¬´ÊÖ»ÓÐÁ½¸ö£¬thatºÍwho£®µ±Ç¿µ÷µÄ²¿·ÖÊÇÈË£¬ÇÒΪ¾ä×ÓµÄÖ÷Óïʱ£¬²ÅÓÃ"who"£¬ÆäÓàÓÃthat£®
Ծ䣺My father did the experiment in the lab yesterday evening£®
Ç¿µ÷Ö÷ÓIt was my father who did the experiment in the lab yesterday evening£®
Ç¿µ÷±öÓIt was the experiment that my father did in the lab yesterday evening£®
Ç¿µ÷ʱ¼ä£ºIt was yesterday evening that my father did the experiment in the lab£®£¨×¢Òâ²»ÓÃwhen£©
Ç¿µ÷µØµã£ºIt was in the lab that my father did the experiment yesterday evening£®
The family is the center of most traditional Asians'lives£®Many people worry about their families'welfare£¬reputation£¬and honor£®Asian families are often extended£¬including several generations related by blood or marriage living in the same home£®An Asian person's misdeeds are not blamed just on the individual but also on the family-including the dead ancestors£®
Traditional Chinese£¬among many other Asians£¬respect their elders and feel a deep sense of duty toward them£®Children repay their parents'sacrifices by being successful and supporting them in old age£®This is accepted as a natural part of life in China£®In contrast£¬taking care of aged parents is often viewed as tremendous burden in the United States£¬where aging and family support are not honored highly£®
The Vietnamese family consists of people currently alive as well as the spirits of the dead and of the as-yet unborn£®Any decisions or actions are done from family considerations£¬not individual¡¡desires£®People's behavior is judged on whether it brings shame or pride to the family£®Vietnamese children are trained to rely on their families£¬to honor elderly people£¬and to fear foreigners£®Many Vietnamese think that their actions in this life will influence their status in the next life£®
Fathers in traditional Japanese families are typically strict and distant£®Japanese college students in one study said they would tell their fathers just about as much as they would tell a total stranger£®The emotional and communication barrier between children and fathers in Japan appears very strong after children have reached a certain age£®
Although there has been much talk about"family values"in the United States£¬the family is not a usual frame of reference for decisions in U£®S£®mainstream culture£®Family connections are not so important to most people£®Dropping the names of wealthy or famous people the family knows is done in the United States£¬but it is not viewed positively£®More important is a person's own individual"track record"of personal achievement£®
Thus£¬many cultural differences exist in family structures and values£®In some cultures£¬the family is the center of life and the main frame of reference for decisions£®In other cultures£¬the individuals£¬not the family£¬is primary£®In some cultures£¬the family's reputation and honor depend on each person's actions£» in other cultures£¬individuals can act without permanently affecting the family life£®Some cultures value old people£¬while other cultures look down on them£®
£¨Adapted from R£®L£®Oxford R£®C£®Scarcella£¬"A Few Family Structures and Values Around the Globe"£©
Outline | Supporting details |
£¨71£©Introduction to family structure | Family structure is of great £¨72£©importance/significance in different cultures£® Children raised in a family will gradually learn how to £¨73£©behave in a way which is acceptable in their culture or setting£® 'Many cultural differences £¨74£©arise/result/come/originate from family structures£® |
Examples of Asian families | Traditional Asians £¨75£©center/centre their lives around family£®Not only the individual but the family is to £¨76£©blame for any wrongdoings£® In China£¬parents'sacrifices will probably £¨77£©payoff when children grow up£®Children will also provide for the elders£® In Vietnam£¬it's not from the personal desires but from family considerations that decisions or actions are done£® In Japan£¬children are £¨78£©unwilling/reluctant/afraid to share their emotions with father£¬thus making communication difficult£® |
Examples of families in the USA | Americans don't lay much emphasis on family values£®£¨79£©Instead/Howeverpersonal achievement is considered more important£® |
Conclusion | Family structures and values £¨80£©vary/differ in different cultures£® |