In a class this past December,after I wrote some directions on the board for students about their final examination,one young woman quickly took a picture of the board using her smart phone.When I looked in her direction,she apologized:"Sorry.Was it wrong to take a picture?"

“I can't read my own handwriting,”the young woman explained."It's best if I take a picture of your writing so I can understand the notes."

That remark started a class-wide conversation about taking a picture instead of taking notes.For those in the photo-taking camp,motivations extended beyond their inability to comprehend their own handwriting.Some took pictures of notes because they knew their phone was a safe place to store material.They might lose paper,but they wouldn't lose their phones.Some took photos because they wanted to record exactly the manner in which I had noted information on the board.Others told me that during class they liked to listen to the discussion attentively.

Yet the use of cameras as note takers,though it may be convenient,does raise significant questions for the classroom.Is a picture an effective replacement for the process of note-taking?

Instructors encourage students to take notes because the act of doing so is more than merely recording necessary information—it helps prepare the way for understanding.Encouraging students to take notes may be an old-fashioned instructional method,but that a method has a long history doesn't mean it's out of date.Writing things down engages a student's brain in listening,visual,and kinesthetic learning—a view supported by a longstanding research.The act of writing down information enables a person to begin committing it to memory,and to process and combine it,establishing the building blocks of learning new concepts.

Taking a picture does indeed record the information,but it deletes some of the necessary mental engagement that taking notes employs.So can the two be equally effective?

I'm not sure how to measure the effectiveness of either method.For now,I allow students to take notes however they see fit—handwritten or photographed—because I figure that some notes,no matter the method of note-taking, are better than none.

1.The woman apologized in the class because she______.

A. took a picture of the board B. missed the teachers' directions

C. had the bad handwriting D. disturbed other students' learning

2.Students refuse to take notes by hand because______.

A. they are unable to take notes

B. they are more likely to lose notes

C. they are interested in using their phones

D. they have a good memory of teachers' instructions

3.According to the passage,taking notes by hand______.

A. requires students to think independently

B. is unsuitable for students to learn new ideas

C. helps students actively participate in learning

D. proves to be an old and useless learning method

4.What's the author's opinion towards taking notes by phones?

A. Supportive. B. Neutral.

C. Doubtful. D. Disapproving.

The Nobel Prize Winners in Literature

Rabindranath Tagore (1913)

Prize motivation:“because of his profoundly sensitive, fresh and beautiful verse (诗歌), by which, with consummate skill, he has made his poetic thought, expressed in his own English words, a part of the literature of the West”

William Faulkner (1949)

Prize motivation: “for his powerful and artistically unique contribution to the modern American novel”

Sir Winston Leonard Spencer Churchill (1953)

Prize motivation: “for his mastery of historical and biographical description as well as for brilliant oratory(演讲) in defending exalted human values.”

Ernest Miller Hemingway (1954)

Prize motivation: “for his mastery of the art of narrative, most recently demonstrated in The Old Man and the Sea, and for the influence that he has exerted on contemporary style.”

John Steinbeck (1962)

Prize motivation: “for his realistic and imaginative writings, combining as they do sympathetic humor and keen social perception.”

Claude Simon (1985)

Prize motivation: “who in his novel combines the poet’s and the painter’s creativeness with a deepened awareness of time in the depiction of the human condition.”

Mo Yan (2012)

Prize motivation: “who with hallucinatory(幻觉般的) realism merges folk tales, history and the contemporary.”

Bob Dylan (2016)

Prize motivation: “for having created new poetic expressions within the great American song tradition.”

1.Which writer won Nobel Prize for his poetry?

A. William Faulkner. B. Bob Dylan.

C. Rabindranath Tagore. D. Claude Simon.

2.Which writer won Noble Prize mostly for his specific work?

A. Ernest Hemingway. B. John Steinbeck.

C. William Faulkner. D. Winston Churchill.

3.Whose works will you turn to if you are interested in a song-writing Nobel Prize winner?

A. Mo Yan’s. B. Bob Dylan’s.

C. Claude Simon’s. D. Rabindranath Tagore’s.

4.Who described real life experiences in his historic works?

A. John Steinbeck. B. Mo Yan.

C. Ernest Hemingway. D. Winston Churchill.

You may have grown up living with sisters and brothers, or this may be your first time sharing your living space with someone else. Having a roommate surely has its challenges. 1. Follow these tips to make sure you and your roommate keep things pleasant and supportive throughout the year.

Be clear from the beginning.

Maybe you hate it when someone interrupts you when you are sleeping every morning. 2., Let your roommate know about your preferences. It’s not fair to expect him or her to pick up on them right away, and communicating what you need is one of the best ways to get rid of problems before they become problems.

Respect your roommate’s things.

This may seem simple,but it’s probably one of the biggest reasons why roommates experience conflicts. Don’t you think he’ll mind if you borrow his shoes for a quick soccer game for all you know, you just stepped over an uncrossable line.3.

Be open to change.

You should expect to learn and grow and change during your time at school. And the same should happen to your roommate, if all goes well. 4.. Be comfortable addressing things that unexpectedly come up, setting new rules, and being flexible to your changing environment.

5.

Treat your roommate like you’d like to be treated. No matter what your relationship is at the end of the year, you can take comfort knowing you acted like an adult and treated your roommate with respect.

A. Don’t borrow, use, or lake anything without getting permission first.

B. As the term progresses, realize things will change for both of you.

C. Getting along well with a roommate is really a difficult job.

D. Maybe you need moments to be silent after you wake up.

E. You should correct your bad habits first.

F. Follow the Golden Rule.

G. However, it can also be a great part of your college experience.

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