题目内容

16.根据短文内容,从下框的A~F选项中选出能概括每一段主题的最佳选项,并在答题卡上将该选项涂黑.选项中有一项为多余项.
A.Be well-organised.
B.Close with a Q & A.
C.Don't be contradictory.
D.Bring it to a specific end
E.Speak slowly and pause.
F.Drop unnecessary words
Speaking to a group can be difficult,but listening to a bad speech is truly a tiresome task-especially when the speaker is confusing.Don't want to confuse your audience?Follow these suggestions:
61.E
When it comes to understanding new information,the human brain needs a little time.First,we hear the words; then,we compare the new information to what we already know.If the two are different,we need to pause and think.But a breathless speaker never stops to let us think about what he or she is saying and risks confusing us.Slow it
62.C
Sometimes we all start a sentence one way and then switch directions,which is very difficult to follow.When you the audience confuse your listeners with opposing information,you leave the audience wondering what part of the information is right and what part they should remember.Instead of relying and keeping correcting yourself,work to get the facts clear and straight.
63.A
Jumping from point to point as it comes to your mind puts the onus (责任)on your listeners to make up for your lack of organisation.And it's confusing for them to listen,reorganise,and figure out what you're saying all at once.But going smoothly from one point to the next helps them understand information more easily.You can arrange things from beginning to end,small to large,top to bottom or by some other order.Just be sure to organise.
64.F
Repeated use of um,ah,like,you know and some other useless noises can drive an audience crazy.It makes the speaker sound uncertain and unprepared,and it can leave listeners so annoyed that they can't pay attention.Recently I attended a speech that was marked by so many ums that audience members were rolling their eyes.Was anybody grasping the intended message?Um,probably not.
65.D
Many speakers finish up their speeches with question-and-answer (Q & A) sessions,but some let the Q & A go on without a clear end.The audience is often left confused about whether the meeting is over and when they can get up and leave.Do your listeners a favour by setting a time limit on questions,and close your speech with a specific signal-even if it's something simple like,"If you have any more questions,you know where to reach me."
Or even more to the point,conclude your speech with"Thanks for your time."

分析 本文是一篇说明文,作者就如何在公共场合作报告提出了一些实用的建议.作报告应注意:说明说话的时候要说的慢一点,要有所停顿;报告时不要前后矛盾,说的话题要一致;语言有组织性,要严谨;把报告中那些无用的东西除去;并且要有一个别致的结尾.

解答 61.答案:E.根据本段第二句中后半句"the human brain needs a little time"和最后一行"Slow it."说明说话的时候要说的慢一点,要有所停顿.故E正确.
62.答案:C.根据本段二,三行"When you confuse your listeners with opposing information,you leave the audience wondering what part of the information is right and what part they should remember."可知,演讲时不要前后矛盾,说的话题要一致,故C正确.
63.答案:A.根据"Just be sure to organise."可知,要求我们要有组织性,要严谨.故A正确.
64.答案:F.根据本段第二句"you know and some other useless noises can drive an audience crazy."可知,要把那些无用的东西除去,故F正确.
65.答案:D.根据本段第一句"Many speakers finish up their speeches with question-and-answer (Q & A) sessions,but some let the Q & A go on without a clear end."可知,本段讲了如何结束演讲.故选D.

点评 此类题主要考查学生对文章内容的整体把握及对段落大意的归纳和概括能力.阅读这类文章,要抓住文章的核心,即文章整体和各段主要在说什么,也要注意段落之间的逻辑关系.

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4.Grown-ups are often surprised by how well they remember something they learned as children but have never practiced ever since.A man who has not had a chance to go swimming for years can still swim as well as ever when he gets back in the water.He can get on a bicycle after many years and still ride away.He can play catch and hit a ball as well as his son.A mother who has not thought about the words for years can teach her daughter the poem that begins"Twinkle,twinkle,little star"or remember the story of Cinderella or Goldilocks and the Three Bears.
One explanation is the law of overlearning,which can be stated as follows:Once we have learned something,additional learning trials increase the length of time we will remember it.
In childhood we usually continue to practice such skills as swimming,bicycle riding,and playing baseball long after we have learned them.We continue to listen to and remind ourselves of words such as"Twinkle,twinkle,little star"and childhood tales such as Cinderella and Goldilocks.We not only learn but overlearn.
The multiplication tables(乘法口诀表)are an exception to the general rule.that we forget rather quickly the things that we learn in school,because they are another of the things we overlearn in childhood.
The law of overlearning explains why cramming(突击学习)for an examination,though it may result in a passing grade,is not a satisfactory way to learn a college course.By cramming,a student may learn the subject well enough to get by on the examination,but he is likely soon to forget almost everything he learned.A little overlearning,on the other hand,is really necessary for one's future development.

67.What is the main idea of Paragraph 1?A
A.People remember well what they learned in childhood.
B.Children have a better memory than grown-ups.
C.Poem reading is a good way to learn words.
D.Stories for children are easy to remember.
68.The author explains the law of overlearning byD.
A.presenting research findings
B.setting down general rules
C.making a comparison
D.using examples
69.According to the author,being able to use multiplication tables isA.
A.a result of overlearning
B.a special case of cramming
C.a skill to deal with math problems
D.a basic step towards advanced studies
70.What is the author's opinion on cramming?B
A.It leads to failure in college exams.
B.It's helpful only in a limited way.
C.It's possible to result in poor memory.
D.It increases students'learning interest.
11.Franz Kafka wrote that"a book must be the ax (斧子) for the frozen sea inside us."I once shared this sentence with a class of seventh graders,and it didn't seem to require any explanation.
We'd just finished John Steinbeck's novel Of Mice and Men.When we read the end together out loud in class,my toughest boy,a star basketball player,wept a little,and so did I."Are you crying?"one girl asked,as she got out of her chair to take a closer look."I am,"I told her,"and the funny thing is I've read it many times."
But they understood.When George shoots Lennie,the tragedy is that we realize it was always going to happen.In my 14years of teaching in a New York City public middle school,I've taught kids with imprisoned parents,abusive parents,irresponsible parents; kids who are parents themselves; kids who are homeless; kids who grew up in violent neighborhoods.They understand,more than I ever will,the novel's terrible logic-the giving way of dreams to fate (命运).
For the last seven years,I have worked as a reading enrichment teacher,reading classic works of literature with small groups of students from grades six to eight.I originally proposed this idea to my headmaster after learning that a former excellent student of mine had transferred out of a selective high school-one that often attracts the literary-minded children of Manhattan's upper classes-into a less competitive setting.The daughter of immigrants,with a father in prison,she perhaps felt
uncomfortable with her new classmates.I thought additional"cultural capital"could help students like her develop better in high school,where they would unavoidably meet,perhaps for the first time,students who came from homes lined with bookshelves,whose parents had earned Ph.D.'s.
Along with Of Mice and Men,my groups read:Sounder,The Red Pony,Lord of the Flies,Romeo and Juliet and Macbeth.The students didn't always read from the expected point of view.
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66.The underlined words in Paragraph 1probably mean that a book helps toD.
A.realize our dreams
B.give support to our life
C.smooth away difficulties
D.awake our emotions
67.Why were the students able to understand the novel Of Mice and Men?D
A.Because they spent much time reading it.
B.Because they had read the novel before.
C.Because they came from a public school.
D.Because they had similar life experiences.
68.The girl left the selective high school possibly becauseC..
A.she was a literary-minded girl
B.her parents were immigrants
C.she couldn't fit in with her class
D.her father was then in prison
69.To the author's surprise,the students read the novelsA..
A.creatively      
B.passively      
C.repeatedly       
D.carelessly
70.The author writes the passage mainly toB.
A.introduce classic works of literature
B.advocate teaching literature to touch the heart
C.argue for equality among high school students
D.defend the current testing system.
1.B
Tim Richter and his wife,Linda,had taught for over 30 years near Buffalo,New York--he in computers,she in special education."Teaching means everything to us,"Tim would say.In April1998,he learned he would need a heart operation.It was the kind of news that leads to some serious thinking about life's purpose.
Not long after the surgery,Tim saw a brochure describing Imagination Library,a program started by Dolly Parton's foundation (基金会) that mailed a book every month to children from birth to age five in the singer's home town of Sevier,Tennessee."I thought,maybe Linda and I could do something like this when we retire,"Tim recalls.He placed the brochure on his desk,"as a reminder."
Five years later,now retired and with that brochure still on the desk,Tim clicked on imagination library.com.The program had been opened up to partners who could take advantage of book and postage discounts.
The quality of the books was of great concern to the Richters.Rather than sign up online,they went to Dollywood for a look-see."We didn't want to give the children rubbish,"says Linda.The books-reviewed each year by teachers,literacy specialists and Dollywood board members-included classics such as Ezra Jack Keats's The Snowy Day and newer books like Anna Dewdney's Llama Llama series.
Satisfied,the couple set up the Richter Family Foundation and got to work.Since 2004,they have shipped more than 12,200books to preschoolers in their in their area.Megan Williams,a mother of four,is more than appreciative:"This program introduces us to books I've never heard of."
The Richters spend about$400a month sending books to 200children."Some people sit there and wait to die,"says Tim."Others get as busy as they can in the time they have left."
61.What led Tim to think seriously about the meaning of life?
A.His health problem   B.His love for teaching  C.The influence of his wife D.The news from the Web
62.What did Tim want to do after learning about Imagination Library?
A.Give out brochures.B.Do something similar.
C.Write books for children             D.Retire from being a teacher.
63.According to the text,Dollly Parton isC.
A.a well-known surgeon               B.a mother of a four-year-old
C.a singer born in Tennessee            D.a computer programmer
64.Why did the Richters go to Dollywood?
A.To avoid signing up online.B.To meet Dollywood board members.
C.To make sure the books were the newest.D.To see if the books were of good quality.
65.What can we learn from Tim's words in the last paragraph?
A.He needs more money to help the children.B.He wonders why some people are so busy.
C.He tries to save those waiting to die.D.He considers his efforts worthwhile.

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