题目内容

7.In his book The Tipping Point Canadian author Malcolm Gladwell explains how a trend can take many forms.It can be a general change in social behaviour,an idea or a fashion.However,why do some trends catch on and others not?What makes one particular brand of training shoe suddenly become the must-have product?How do people find out about trends and what makes people want to buy into them?Is it simply a question of keeping up with other people?
In his new work,Gladwell explores the moment when something becomes common and how products,ideas,messages and forms of behaviour spread.He looks at the reasons why trends are similar in the way they develop to outbreaks of disease,or medical epidemics(流行病).
Epidemics,like trends,start in a very small way,maybe from a single person with a virus,then spread very quickly until they take over the population and appear to be everywhere.Eventually,they will slow down gradually or die out suddenly.Gladwell shows how these changes happen not gradually but at one sudden moment.
Gladwell identifies three types of people who are influential in the development of these kinds of social epidemics:
Connectors are people in a community who have wide social circles.They know a lot ofpeople and like to introduce people to each other.The people they know often come from a variety of social,cultural,professional and economic circles.
Mavens are people with a lot of knowledge or experts in a particular field.They wish to pass on their knowledge to others.Mavens collect and gather information so are the first to pick up on new trends.
Salesmen are people with charisma(魅力).They have a"soft"influence over people rather than actual power.This means they are influential because people want to imitate them.
Overall,Gladwell's book is a thought-provoking(引人深思的)read for anyone interested in the origins of trends.What's more,he writes in a clear style so even the most difficult ideas are easy to understand.

33.What do we know about Gladwell?C
A.He is a productive North American writer.
B.He has written many books on the subject of trends.
C.He thinks trends develop in the same way as illnesses.
D.He believes there are three types of people in the world.
34.According to the text,connectorsA.
A.are very social persons
B.Often follow others
C.know many people from the same circle
D.are knowledgeable and experienced
35.What do we learn from the text?B
A.Salesmen try to control other people using their power.
B.Mavens quickly become aware of changes in fashions.
C.Connectors and Mavens try to get their information across.
D.Gladwell's book is interesting but hard to understand for readers.

分析 Malcolm Gladwell在他的新书 The Tipping Point 中,分析了流行的原因和进程,总结出三类人是流行的传播者.

解答 33.C 细节理解题.由第二段He looks at the reasons why trends are similar in the way they develop to outbreaks of disease,or medical epidemics(流行病),可知他认为流行的过程和疾病的发展是类似的,故选C.
34.A 细节理解题.由第五段Connectors are people in a community who have wide social circles.They know a lot ofpeople and like to introduce people to each other可知,这群人是非常社会性的人,故选A.
35.B  推理判断题.由第六段的Mavens collect and gather information so are the first to pick up on new trends.可知他们能迅速意识到流行的改变,故选B.

点评 本篇阅读较为简单.文章内容,所出题目以及选项也较短,因此考生只要阅读详略结合,细心理解,就能快速得出正确答案.

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"What did you do?"one of Jack's friends asked.
"When the wolves got very near,"Jack answered,"I put up my gun and shot the first wolf.The sleigh was moving about,but I hit the animal and killed it.Then all the other wolves stopped and ate it,so our sleigh got away from them for a few minutes."
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"The same thing happened again and again,and my horses became more and more tired and ran slower and slower until,after about two hours,only one wolf was still alive and following us."
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29.Jack told his friends what happened to him when he wasB.
A.in England one winter evening
B.in Russia one winter evening
C.in America one winter morning
D.in Russia one winter morning
30.In the sentence:"They finished their meal","meal"here means"C".
A.the food Jack had brought with him
B.the meal prepared by Jack's friend
C.the wolf which had been killed by Jack
D.the dead animals on the way
31.From what Jack's friend said we know thatC.
A.all the wolves had been shot by Jack
B.the last wolf was too fat to run
C.the friend did not believe what Jack had said
D.Jack was telling the truth.
15.Did you know that sixty percent of your body weight is water?However,a loss of only two percent of this water through dehydration(脱水)during exercise can significantly affect your performance.The more you sweat,the more your exercise performance declines,unless you drink enough to replace your loss of fluids.
When you lose too much water,you can overheat quite easily,especially in a warm environment.But this is not the only problem you may faced with.Dehydration leads to your heart pumping much faster,which means exercise becomes more difficult and requires more effort.Despite these problems,however,many of us simply do not take enough fluids in when we head for the gym or set out on a run.
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Another problem is that,the more dehydrated we become during exercise,the more difficult it is to prevent further dehydration-because our stomachs become intolerant to fluids and we do not absorb water properly,just when we need it most.
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32.We know from the text that during exercise,dehydrationB.
A.can be easily avoided
B.will lead to poor performance
C.can cause many health problems
D.will be controlled whenever we drink again
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A.Their thirst mechanism stops working.
B.Their focus is on the exercise.
C.Their thirst response is slow.
D.Their stomachs are full.
34.When exercising,you are advised toB.
A.have regular breaks
B.drink water accordingly
C.drink sports water in advance
D.have at least two liters of water
35.What would be the best title for the text?C
A.Keep fit
B.Say no to sports!
C.Time to get drinking!
D.Ways to avoid dehydration.
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29.Which of the following can best describe the environment on the train?B
A.Warm,comfortable but noisy
B.Messy,dirty and crowded
C.Quiet,harmonious but smelly
D.Bright,busy and pleasant.
30.What did the author see o n the coach?C
A.A ballet dancer standing on the floor
B.A table shaped like a butcher's counter
C.A newspaper and a chopstick lying on the table
D.The train curtains picked up from a trash can
31.How does the author develop the passage?A
A.By describing real scenes
B.By following space order
C.By comparing different behaviors
D.By following time order.
4.A gentle wind blew through Jennifer's hair.The golden red sun was (36)BShe was on the beach,looking up at the ball.She was amazed by its(37)D,deep red in the middle,(38)Cfading into yellow.She could hear nothing but the(39)Aand the seagulls flying up above in the sky.
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36.A.risingB.settingC.shiningD.smiling
37.A.shapeB.shadowC.sizeD.color
38.A.quicklyB.partlyC.softlyD.probably
39.A.wavesB.boatsC.treesD.sands
40.A.relaxedB.puzzledC.disappointedD.interrupted
41.A.understoodB.consideredC.neededD.regretted
42.A.discussingB.findingC.askingD.wondering
43.A.aliveB.asleepC.missingD.hardworking
44.A.sunnyB.warmC.coldD.cloudy
45.A.glassesB.hatC.skirtD.jacket
46.A.SomebodyB.NobodyC.MotherD.Father
47.A.shockedB.scaredC.exhaustedD.comforted
48.A.beautifiedB.rearrangedC.desertedD.destroyed
49.A.gardenB.bedroomC.yardD.house
50.A.bookB.noteC.articleD.poster
51.A.lookingB.workingC.fishingD.sightseeing
52.A.ownB.parentsC.sister'sD.brother's
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2.A report brought back by most visitors to the US is how friendly,polite,and helpful most Americans were to them.To be fair,this observation is also frequently made of Canada and Canadians,and should best be considered North American.There are,of course,exceptions.Small-minded officials,rude waiters,and ill-mannered taxi drivers are hardly unknown in the US.Yet American's friendliness and helpfulness is an observation made so frequently that it deserves comment.
For a long period of time and in many parts of the country,a traveler was a welcome break in an otherwise dull existence.Dullness and loneliness were common problems of the families who generally lived distant from one another.Strangers and travelers were welcome sources of distraction,and brought news of the outside world.
The tough realities of the border also shaped this tradition of hospitality.Someone traveling alone,if hungry,injured,or ill,often had nowhere to turn except to the nearest settler agent.It was not a matter of choice for the traveler or only a charitable impulse (冲动) on the part of the settlers.It reflected the hardship of daily life:if you didn't take in the stranger and take care of him,there was no one else who would.And someday,remember,you might be in the same situation.
Today there are many charitable organizations which specialize in helping the exhausted traveler.Yet,the old tradition of hospitality to strangers is still very strong in the US,especially in the smaller cities and towns away from the busy tourist routes."I was just traveling through,got talking with this American,and pretty soon he invite d me home for dinner,amazing."Such observations reported by visitors to the US are not uncommon,but are not always understood properly.The casual friendliness of many Americans should be understood neither as superficial(表面的)nor as artificial(虚伪的),but as the result of a historically developed cultural tradition.
As is true of any developed society,in America a complex set of cultural signals and customs is the basis of all social inter-relationships.And,of course,speaking a language does not necessarily mean that someone understands social and cultural patterns.Visitors who fail to"translate"cultural meanings properly often draw wrong conclusions.For example when an American uses the word"friend",the cultural meanings of the word may be quite different from those it has in the visitor's language and culture.It takes more than a brief encounter on a bus to tell polite customs from individual interest.Yet,being friendly is a virtue (美德) that many Americans value highly and expect from both neighbors and strangers.

29.In the eyes of visitors from the outside world,D.
A.rude taxi drivers are hardly seen in the US
B.small-minded officials deserve a serious comment
C.Canadians are not so friendly as their neighbors
D.most Americans are ready to offer help
30.We can know from the last paragraph thatA.
A.culture has an influence over social inter-relationship
B.polite customs and individual interest are inter-related
C.various virtues shows themselves only among friends
D.social inter-relationships equal the complex set of cultural customs
31.Families who lived far from one another used to entertain strangersC.
A.to improve their hard life       
B.in view of their long-distance travel
C.to add some taste to their own daily life    
D.out of a charitable impulse
32.The tradition of hospitality to strangersB.
A.tends to be superficial and artificial
B.is generally well kept up in the United States
C.is always understood properly          
D.has something to do with the busy tourist route.

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