题目内容

2.A report brought back by most visitors to the US is how friendly,polite,and helpful most Americans were to them.To be fair,this observation is also frequently made of Canada and Canadians,and should best be considered North American.There are,of course,exceptions.Small-minded officials,rude waiters,and ill-mannered taxi drivers are hardly unknown in the US.Yet American's friendliness and helpfulness is an observation made so frequently that it deserves comment.
For a long period of time and in many parts of the country,a traveler was a welcome break in an otherwise dull existence.Dullness and loneliness were common problems of the families who generally lived distant from one another.Strangers and travelers were welcome sources of distraction,and brought news of the outside world.
The tough realities of the border also shaped this tradition of hospitality.Someone traveling alone,if hungry,injured,or ill,often had nowhere to turn except to the nearest settler agent.It was not a matter of choice for the traveler or only a charitable impulse (冲动) on the part of the settlers.It reflected the hardship of daily life:if you didn't take in the stranger and take care of him,there was no one else who would.And someday,remember,you might be in the same situation.
Today there are many charitable organizations which specialize in helping the exhausted traveler.Yet,the old tradition of hospitality to strangers is still very strong in the US,especially in the smaller cities and towns away from the busy tourist routes."I was just traveling through,got talking with this American,and pretty soon he invite d me home for dinner,amazing."Such observations reported by visitors to the US are not uncommon,but are not always understood properly.The casual friendliness of many Americans should be understood neither as superficial(表面的)nor as artificial(虚伪的),but as the result of a historically developed cultural tradition.
As is true of any developed society,in America a complex set of cultural signals and customs is the basis of all social inter-relationships.And,of course,speaking a language does not necessarily mean that someone understands social and cultural patterns.Visitors who fail to"translate"cultural meanings properly often draw wrong conclusions.For example when an American uses the word"friend",the cultural meanings of the word may be quite different from those it has in the visitor's language and culture.It takes more than a brief encounter on a bus to tell polite customs from individual interest.Yet,being friendly is a virtue (美德) that many Americans value highly and expect from both neighbors and strangers.

29.In the eyes of visitors from the outside world,D.
A.rude taxi drivers are hardly seen in the US
B.small-minded officials deserve a serious comment
C.Canadians are not so friendly as their neighbors
D.most Americans are ready to offer help
30.We can know from the last paragraph thatA.
A.culture has an influence over social inter-relationship
B.polite customs and individual interest are inter-related
C.various virtues shows themselves only among friends
D.social inter-relationships equal the complex set of cultural customs
31.Families who lived far from one another used to entertain strangersC.
A.to improve their hard life       
B.in view of their long-distance travel
C.to add some taste to their own daily life    
D.out of a charitable impulse
32.The tradition of hospitality to strangersB.
A.tends to be superficial and artificial
B.is generally well kept up in the United States
C.is always understood properly          
D.has something to do with the busy tourist route.

分析 本文介绍了访问过美国的游客都会觉得美国人民热情、助人为乐,作者分析了美国能保留热情好客传统的原因.

解答 29.D.细节理解题:根据第一段第一句"A report brought back by most visitors to the US is how friendly,polite,and helpful most Americans were to them."到美国去的旅游者对大多数美国人的印象是友好、礼貌和乐于助人.故选D.
30.A.推理判断题:根据最后一段第一句"As is true of any developed society,in America a complex set of cultural signals and customs is the basis of all social inter-relationships."同任何发达国家一样,美国有一套建立在所有社会相互关系基础上的复杂的文化信号,假设,和习俗.由此可知文化对社会相互关系产生影响.故选A
31.C.推理判断题:根据文章第二段内容For a long period of time and in many parts of the country,a traveler was a welcome break in an otherwise dull existence可知相距很远的居住条件使人们的生活无聊、孤独,旅行者的到来会给他们带来外界的消息,也是一种娱乐消遣.故选C.
32.B.细节理解题:根据第四段中"Yet,the old tradition of hospitality to strangers is still very strong in the US,especially in the smaller cities and towns away from the busy tourist routes."然而,对陌生人热情好客的老传统在美国仍然很强,尤其是在小城市和城镇远离旅游热线.故选B.

点评 考察学生的细节理解和推理判断能力,做细节理解题时一定要找到文章中的原句,和题干进行比较,再做出正确的选择.在做推理判断题不要以个人的主观想象代替文章的事实,要根据文章事实进行合乎逻辑的推理判断.

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7.In his book The Tipping Point Canadian author Malcolm Gladwell explains how a trend can take many forms.It can be a general change in social behaviour,an idea or a fashion.However,why do some trends catch on and others not?What makes one particular brand of training shoe suddenly become the must-have product?How do people find out about trends and what makes people want to buy into them?Is it simply a question of keeping up with other people?
In his new work,Gladwell explores the moment when something becomes common and how products,ideas,messages and forms of behaviour spread.He looks at the reasons why trends are similar in the way they develop to outbreaks of disease,or medical epidemics(流行病).
Epidemics,like trends,start in a very small way,maybe from a single person with a virus,then spread very quickly until they take over the population and appear to be everywhere.Eventually,they will slow down gradually or die out suddenly.Gladwell shows how these changes happen not gradually but at one sudden moment.
Gladwell identifies three types of people who are influential in the development of these kinds of social epidemics:
Connectors are people in a community who have wide social circles.They know a lot ofpeople and like to introduce people to each other.The people they know often come from a variety of social,cultural,professional and economic circles.
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Salesmen are people with charisma(魅力).They have a"soft"influence over people rather than actual power.This means they are influential because people want to imitate them.
Overall,Gladwell's book is a thought-provoking(引人深思的)read for anyone interested in the origins of trends.What's more,he writes in a clear style so even the most difficult ideas are easy to understand.

33.What do we know about Gladwell?C
A.He is a productive North American writer.
B.He has written many books on the subject of trends.
C.He thinks trends develop in the same way as illnesses.
D.He believes there are three types of people in the world.
34.According to the text,connectorsA.
A.are very social persons
B.Often follow others
C.know many people from the same circle
D.are knowledgeable and experienced
35.What do we learn from the text?B
A.Salesmen try to control other people using their power.
B.Mavens quickly become aware of changes in fashions.
C.Connectors and Mavens try to get their information across.
D.Gladwell's book is interesting but hard to understand for readers.
7.One day while wal king along the bank of a river,a rabbit couple saw a wounded ant lying unconsciously (无意识地) on the grass.The rabbit couple gently put the ant on the leaf of a nearby plant.She soon recovered and saw the rabbit couple sitting beside her.
     The ant remembered that she had found herself under the foot of a cat by chance and fainted (晕倒).She asked how she reached on the leaf top.The rabbit couple told her what had happened.The ant thanked them and said she would certainly help them when they needed her.
     The rabbit couple went farther up the river to enjoy the bright sun.They had been there many times and would spend many hours playing and relaxing in the sun.
     One fine day,the couple were again on their way to the river while the ant was playing on a leaf.She saw the rabbit couple walking towards the river.A few hours later she saw the rabbit couple sleeping peacefully on the soft grass by the river.Suddenly she saw a lion moving towards the grass where the rabbit couple were sleeping.The lion saw the rabbits sleeping,and started walking quietly to catch them.
     Realizing the hazard getting close to the rabbits,the ant jumped from the leaf upon the lion and bit the lion's back.The lion cried out in pain,waking up the rabbit couple and warning them against the danger.The rabbits ran away quickly and the ant jumped off the lion's back and hid in the grass.
     A white pigeon who watched what had happened cheered at the courage of the ant and told the whole story to the rabbits.The rabbits were moved and thanked the ant.They became best friends.

21.From the first three paragraphs,we can learn thatD.
A.the rabbit couple put the ant on the leaf of a plant to hide her
B.the ant was wounded after fighting with a cat
C.the rabbit couple and the ant knew each other well
D.the rabbit couple often went to the river to relax in the sun
22.According to the passage,which of the following is TRUE?B
A.The ant was hurt by the lion.
B.The ant was weak but clever.
C.The white pigeon was as brave as the ant.
D.The lion wanted to play a joke on the rabbits.
23.According to the passage,which is the correct order of the following events?B
a.The ant jumped into the grass to hide.b.The ant bit the lion's back.
c.The lion moved toward the rabbit couple.d.The rabbit couple saved the ant.
e.The ant saw the rabbit couple sleeping on the grass.
A.d,c,e,a,b    B.d,e,c,b,a    C.e,c,b,a,d    D.c,d,e,b,a
24.The underlined word"hazard"in the fifth paragraph probably means"D".
A.reality    B.scene     C.experience      D.danger.

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