题目内容
(本小题12分)
下图是
一几何体的直观图、主视图、俯视图、左视图.

(Ⅰ)若
为
的中点,求证:
面
;
(Ⅱ)证明
面
;
(Ⅲ)求面
与面
所成的二面角(锐角)的余弦值.
下图是


(Ⅰ)若





(Ⅱ)证明


(Ⅲ)求面


(Ⅰ)证明略
(Ⅱ)证明略
(Ⅲ)

解: (Ⅰ)由几何体的三视图可知,底面ABCD是边长为4的正方形,PA⊥面ABCD,
PA∥EB,PA=2EB=4.∵PA=AD,F为PD的中点,
∴PD⊥AF,
又∵CD⊥DA,CD⊥PA,PA∩DA=A,
∴CD⊥面ADP,
∴CD⊥AF.又CD∩DP=D, ∴AF⊥面PCD. ------------- 4分
(Ⅱ)取PC的中点M,AC与BD的交点为N,连结MN,
∴MN=
PA,MN∥PA,
∴MN=EB,MN∥EB,故四边形BEMN为平行四边形,
∴EM∥BN,又EM
面PEC,∴BD∥面PEC. -------------7分
(Ⅲ)分别以BC,BA,BE为x,y,z轴建立空间直角坐标系,
则C( 4,0,0),D(4 ,4 ,
0),E(0,0,2),A(0,4 ,0),P(0,4,4),
∵F为PD的中点,∴F(2,4,2).
∵AF⊥面PCD,∴
为面PCD的一个法向量,
=(-2,0,-2),设平面PEC的法向量为
="(x,y" ,z),
则
,
∴
,令x=1,∴
, -------------10分
∴
∴
与
的夹角为
.
面PEC与面PDC所成的二面角(锐角)的余弦值为
. -------------12分
PA∥EB,PA=2EB=4.∵PA=AD,F为PD的中点,
∴PD⊥AF,
又∵CD⊥DA,CD⊥PA,PA∩DA=A,
∴CD⊥面ADP,
∴CD⊥AF.又CD∩DP=D, ∴AF⊥面PCD. ------------- 4分
(Ⅱ)取PC的中点M,AC与BD的交点为N,连结MN,
∴MN=

∴MN=EB,MN∥EB,故四边形BEMN为平行四边形,
∴EM∥BN,又EM

(Ⅲ)分别以BC,BA,BE为x,y,z轴建立空间直角坐标系,
则C( 4,0,0),D(4 ,4 ,

∵F为PD的中点,∴F(2,4,2).
∵AF⊥面PCD,∴



则

∴


∴

∴

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
面PEC与面PDC所成的二面角(锐角)的余弦值为


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