题目内容

8.设函数f(x)=|x-1|+|x-3a|+3a,x∈R.
(1)当a=1时,求不等式f(x)>7的解集;
(2)对任意m∈R+,x∈R恒有f(x)≥9-m-$\frac{4}{m}$,求实数a的取值范围.

分析 (1)由不等式f(x)>7,可得$\left\{\begin{array}{l}{7-2x>7}\\{x≤1}\end{array}\right.$ ①,或$\left\{\begin{array}{l}{2x-1>7}\\{x≥3}\end{array}\right.$ ②.分别求得①、②的解集,再取并集,即得所求.
(2)由题意可得 f(x)min≥9-m-$\frac{4}{m}$,即|3a-1|+3a≥5,可得$\left\{\begin{array}{l}{3a-1≥0}\\{3a-1+3a≥5}\end{array}\right.$ ③,或$\left\{\begin{array}{l}{3a-1<0}\\{1-3a+3a≥5}\end{array}\right.$ ④,分别求得③、④的解集,再取并集,即得所求.

解答 解:(1)当a=1时,f(x)=$\left\{\begin{array}{l}{7-2x,x≤-1}\\{5,1<x<3}\\{2x-1,x≥3}\end{array}\right.$,由不等式f(x)>7,
可得$\left\{\begin{array}{l}{7-2x>7}\\{x≤1}\end{array}\right.$ ①,或$\left\{\begin{array}{l}{2x-1>7}\\{x≥3}\end{array}\right.$ ②.
解①求得 x<0,解②求得 x>4,故不等式f(x)>7的解集为{x|x<0或 x>4}.
(2)对任意m∈R+,x∈R恒有f(x)≥9-m-$\frac{4}{m}$,∴f(x)min≥9-m-$\frac{4}{m}$,∴|(x-1)-(x-3a)|+3a≥9-m-$\frac{4}{m}$,
即|3a-1|+3a≥5,∴$\left\{\begin{array}{l}{3a-1≥0}\\{3a-1+3a≥5}\end{array}\right.$ ③,或$\left\{\begin{array}{l}{3a-1<0}\\{1-3a+3a≥5}\end{array}\right.$ ④.
解③求得a≥1,解④求得a无解.
综上可得,实数a的取值范围为[1,+∞).

点评 本题主要考查绝对值不等式的解法,绝对值三角不等式,函数的恒成立问题,体现了分类讨论的数学思想,属于中档题.

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