题目内容
在四棱锥
中,底面
是直角梯形,
∥
,∠
,
,平面
⊥平面
.
![](http://thumb.zyjl.cn/pic2/upload/papers/20140824/201408240028187441460.png)
(1)求证:
⊥平面
;
(2)求平面
和平面
所成二面角(小于
)的大小;
(3)在棱
上是否存在点
使得
∥平面
?若存在,求
的值;若不存在,请说明理由.
![](http://thumb.zyjl.cn/pic2/upload/papers/20140824/20140824002818572603.png)
![](http://thumb.zyjl.cn/pic2/upload/papers/20140824/20140824002818588534.png)
![](http://thumb.zyjl.cn/pic2/upload/papers/20140824/20140824002818604396.png)
![](http://thumb.zyjl.cn/pic2/upload/papers/20140824/20140824002818619405.png)
![](http://thumb.zyjl.cn/pic2/upload/papers/20140824/20140824002818650624.png)
![](http://thumb.zyjl.cn/pic2/upload/papers/20140824/20140824002818697833.png)
![](http://thumb.zyjl.cn/pic2/upload/papers/20140824/20140824002818728448.png)
![](http://thumb.zyjl.cn/pic2/upload/papers/20140824/20140824002818744526.png)
![](http://thumb.zyjl.cn/pic2/upload/papers/20140824/201408240028187441460.png)
(1)求证:
![](http://thumb.zyjl.cn/pic2/upload/papers/20140824/20140824002818604396.png)
![](http://thumb.zyjl.cn/pic2/upload/papers/20140824/20140824002818728448.png)
(2)求平面
![](http://thumb.zyjl.cn/pic2/upload/papers/20140824/20140824002818791439.png)
![](http://thumb.zyjl.cn/pic2/upload/papers/20140824/20140824002818806450.png)
![](http://thumb.zyjl.cn/pic2/upload/papers/20140824/20140824002818822389.png)
(3)在棱
![](http://thumb.zyjl.cn/pic2/upload/papers/20140824/20140824002818838365.png)
![](http://thumb.zyjl.cn/pic2/upload/papers/20140824/20140824002818853399.png)
![](http://thumb.zyjl.cn/pic2/upload/papers/20140824/20140824002818869471.png)
![](http://thumb.zyjl.cn/pic2/upload/papers/20140824/20140824002818791439.png)
![](http://thumb.zyjl.cn/pic2/upload/papers/20140824/20140824002818900592.png)
(Ⅰ)因为
,所以
.因为 平面
平面
,平面
平面
,
平面
,所以
平面
;(Ⅱ)
;(Ⅲ)解:在棱
上存在点
使得
∥平面
,此时
.
![](http://thumb.zyjl.cn/pic2/upload/papers/20140824/20140824002818916664.png)
![](http://thumb.zyjl.cn/pic2/upload/papers/20140824/20140824002818931527.png)
![](http://thumb.zyjl.cn/pic2/upload/papers/20140824/20140824002818947511.png)
![](http://thumb.zyjl.cn/pic2/upload/papers/20140824/20140824002818744526.png)
![](http://thumb.zyjl.cn/pic2/upload/papers/20140824/20140824002818978499.png)
![](http://thumb.zyjl.cn/pic2/upload/papers/20140824/20140824002818994617.png)
![](http://thumb.zyjl.cn/pic2/upload/papers/20140824/20140824002819009426.png)
![](http://thumb.zyjl.cn/pic2/upload/papers/20140824/20140824002818744526.png)
![](http://thumb.zyjl.cn/pic2/upload/papers/20140824/20140824002819040454.png)
![](http://thumb.zyjl.cn/pic2/upload/papers/20140824/20140824002818728448.png)
![](http://thumb.zyjl.cn/pic2/upload/papers/20140824/20140824002819072377.png)
![](http://thumb.zyjl.cn/pic2/upload/papers/20140824/20140824002818838365.png)
![](http://thumb.zyjl.cn/pic2/upload/papers/20140824/20140824002818853399.png)
![](http://thumb.zyjl.cn/pic2/upload/papers/20140824/20140824002818869471.png)
![](http://thumb.zyjl.cn/pic2/upload/papers/20140824/20140824002818791439.png)
![](http://thumb.zyjl.cn/pic2/upload/papers/20140824/20140824002819150735.png)
试题分析:(Ⅰ)证明:因为
![](http://thumb.zyjl.cn/pic2/upload/papers/20140824/20140824002818916664.png)
所以
![](http://thumb.zyjl.cn/pic2/upload/papers/20140824/20140824002818931527.png)
因为 平面
![](http://thumb.zyjl.cn/pic2/upload/papers/20140824/20140824002818947511.png)
![](http://thumb.zyjl.cn/pic2/upload/papers/20140824/20140824002818744526.png)
![](http://thumb.zyjl.cn/pic2/upload/papers/20140824/20140824002818978499.png)
![](http://thumb.zyjl.cn/pic2/upload/papers/20140824/20140824002818994617.png)
![](http://thumb.zyjl.cn/pic2/upload/papers/20140824/20140824002819009426.png)
![](http://thumb.zyjl.cn/pic2/upload/papers/20140824/20140824002818744526.png)
所以
![](http://thumb.zyjl.cn/pic2/upload/papers/20140824/20140824002819040454.png)
![](http://thumb.zyjl.cn/pic2/upload/papers/20140824/20140824002818728448.png)
(Ⅱ)解:取
![](http://thumb.zyjl.cn/pic2/upload/papers/20140824/20140824002819337398.png)
![](http://thumb.zyjl.cn/pic2/upload/papers/20140824/20140824002819352292.png)
![](http://thumb.zyjl.cn/pic2/upload/papers/20140824/20140824002819384364.png)
因为
![](http://thumb.zyjl.cn/pic2/upload/papers/20140824/20140824002819399506.png)
所以
![](http://thumb.zyjl.cn/pic2/upload/papers/20140824/20140824002819415539.png)
因为 平面
![](http://thumb.zyjl.cn/pic2/upload/papers/20140824/20140824002818947511.png)
![](http://thumb.zyjl.cn/pic2/upload/papers/20140824/20140824002818744526.png)
![](http://thumb.zyjl.cn/pic2/upload/papers/20140824/20140824002818978499.png)
![](http://thumb.zyjl.cn/pic2/upload/papers/20140824/20140824002818994617.png)
![](http://thumb.zyjl.cn/pic2/upload/papers/20140824/20140824002819508413.png)
![](http://thumb.zyjl.cn/pic2/upload/papers/20140824/20140824002818728448.png)
所以
![](http://thumb.zyjl.cn/pic2/upload/papers/20140824/20140824002819540441.png)
![](http://thumb.zyjl.cn/pic2/upload/papers/20140824/20140824002818744526.png)
如图,
![](http://thumb.zyjl.cn/pic2/upload/papers/20140824/201408240028195711816.png)
以
![](http://thumb.zyjl.cn/pic2/upload/papers/20140824/20140824002819352292.png)
![](http://thumb.zyjl.cn/pic2/upload/papers/20140824/20140824002819618367.png)
![](http://thumb.zyjl.cn/pic2/upload/papers/20140824/20140824002819633266.png)
![](http://thumb.zyjl.cn/pic2/upload/papers/20140824/20140824002818744526.png)
![](http://thumb.zyjl.cn/pic2/upload/papers/20140824/20140824002819352292.png)
![](http://thumb.zyjl.cn/pic2/upload/papers/20140824/20140824002819337398.png)
线为
![](http://thumb.zyjl.cn/pic2/upload/papers/20140824/20140824002819898310.png)
![](http://thumb.zyjl.cn/pic2/upload/papers/20140824/20140824002819914371.png)
![](http://thumb.zyjl.cn/pic2/upload/papers/20140824/20140824002819930231.png)
![](http://thumb.zyjl.cn/pic2/upload/papers/20140824/20140824002819961514.png)
![](http://thumb.zyjl.cn/pic2/upload/papers/20140824/20140824002819992496.png)
直角梯形
![](http://thumb.zyjl.cn/pic2/upload/papers/20140824/20140824002818744526.png)
![](http://thumb.zyjl.cn/pic2/upload/papers/20140824/20140824002818697833.png)
![](http://thumb.zyjl.cn/pic2/upload/papers/20140824/20140824002820039622.png)
![](http://thumb.zyjl.cn/pic2/upload/papers/20140824/20140824002820257543.png)
![](http://thumb.zyjl.cn/pic2/upload/papers/20140824/20140824002820273588.png)
所以
![](http://thumb.zyjl.cn/pic2/upload/papers/20140824/20140824002820288704.png)
![](http://thumb.zyjl.cn/pic2/upload/papers/20140824/20140824002820304705.png)
设平面
![](http://thumb.zyjl.cn/pic2/upload/papers/20140824/20140824002818791439.png)
![](http://thumb.zyjl.cn/pic2/upload/papers/20140824/20140824002820351673.png)
因为
![](http://thumb.zyjl.cn/pic2/upload/papers/20140824/201408240028203661079.png)
所以
![](http://thumb.zyjl.cn/pic2/upload/papers/20140824/201408240028203981499.png)
即
![](http://thumb.zyjl.cn/pic2/upload/papers/20140824/201408240028204131152.png)
令
![](http://thumb.zyjl.cn/pic2/upload/papers/20140824/20140824002820429324.png)
![](http://thumb.zyjl.cn/pic2/upload/papers/20140824/20140824002820444650.png)
所以
![](http://thumb.zyjl.cn/pic2/upload/papers/20140824/20140824002820491745.png)
取平面
![](http://thumb.zyjl.cn/pic2/upload/papers/20140824/20140824002818806450.png)
![](http://thumb.zyjl.cn/pic2/upload/papers/20140824/20140824002820522530.png)
所以
![](http://thumb.zyjl.cn/pic2/upload/papers/20140824/201408240028205381134.png)
所以 平面
![](http://thumb.zyjl.cn/pic2/upload/papers/20140824/20140824002820554437.png)
![](http://thumb.zyjl.cn/pic2/upload/papers/20140824/20140824002818806450.png)
![](http://thumb.zyjl.cn/pic2/upload/papers/20140824/20140824002818822389.png)
![](http://thumb.zyjl.cn/pic2/upload/papers/20140824/20140824002819072377.png)
………………………………………9分
(Ⅲ)解:在棱
![](http://thumb.zyjl.cn/pic2/upload/papers/20140824/20140824002818838365.png)
![](http://thumb.zyjl.cn/pic2/upload/papers/20140824/20140824002818853399.png)
![](http://thumb.zyjl.cn/pic2/upload/papers/20140824/20140824002818869471.png)
![](http://thumb.zyjl.cn/pic2/upload/papers/20140824/20140824002818791439.png)
![](http://thumb.zyjl.cn/pic2/upload/papers/20140824/20140824002819150735.png)
取
![](http://thumb.zyjl.cn/pic2/upload/papers/20140824/20140824002818604396.png)
![](http://thumb.zyjl.cn/pic2/upload/papers/20140824/20140824002820897357.png)
![](http://thumb.zyjl.cn/pic2/upload/papers/20140824/20140824002818869471.png)
![](http://thumb.zyjl.cn/pic2/upload/papers/20140824/20140824002820928432.png)
![](http://thumb.zyjl.cn/pic2/upload/papers/20140824/20140824002820944513.png)
则
![](http://thumb.zyjl.cn/pic2/upload/papers/20140824/20140824002820944513.png)
![](http://thumb.zyjl.cn/pic2/upload/papers/20140824/20140824002821006367.png)
![](http://thumb.zyjl.cn/pic2/upload/papers/20140824/20140824002821068714.png)
![](http://thumb.zyjl.cn/pic2/upload/papers/20140824/201408240028211001640.png)
因为
![](http://thumb.zyjl.cn/pic2/upload/papers/20140824/20140824002821115622.png)
所以
![](http://thumb.zyjl.cn/pic2/upload/papers/20140824/20140824002821131598.png)
因为
![](http://thumb.zyjl.cn/pic2/upload/papers/20140824/20140824002818604396.png)
![](http://thumb.zyjl.cn/pic2/upload/papers/20140824/20140824002818619405.png)
所以 四边形
![](http://thumb.zyjl.cn/pic2/upload/papers/20140824/20140824002821178572.png)
所以
![](http://thumb.zyjl.cn/pic2/upload/papers/20140824/20140824002820928432.png)
![](http://thumb.zyjl.cn/pic2/upload/papers/20140824/20140824002821224385.png)
因为
![](http://thumb.zyjl.cn/pic2/upload/papers/20140824/201408240028212401051.png)
所以 平面
![](http://thumb.zyjl.cn/pic2/upload/papers/20140824/20140824002821256580.png)
![](http://thumb.zyjl.cn/pic2/upload/papers/20140824/20140824002818791439.png)
因为
![](http://thumb.zyjl.cn/pic2/upload/papers/20140824/20140824002821302527.png)
![](http://thumb.zyjl.cn/pic2/upload/papers/20140824/20140824002821256580.png)
所以
![](http://thumb.zyjl.cn/pic2/upload/papers/20140824/20140824002818869471.png)
![](http://thumb.zyjl.cn/pic2/upload/papers/20140824/20140824002818791439.png)
点评:本题主要考查线面关系的判定及二面角的求法,考查空间想象能力与逻辑思维能力,对于立体几何问题的证明问题,要求我们熟练应用课本上的定理、性质、结论等,要求会用几何法和向量法两种方法求解
![](http://thumb.zyjl.cn/images/loading.gif)
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