ÌâÄ¿ÄÚÈÝ
20£®´ÓÈç±íʵÑéÊÂʵËùµÃ³öµÄÏàÓ¦½áÂÛÕýÈ·µÄÊÇ£¨¡¡¡¡£©ÊµÑéÊÂʵ | ½áÂÛ | |
¢Ù | ½«Ä³ÆøÌåͨÈëÆ·ºìÈÜÒºÖУ¬Æ·ºìÈÜÒºÍÊÉ« | ¸ÃÆøÌåÒ»¶¨ÊÇSO2 |
¢Ú | ½«È¼ÉÕµÄþÌõ·ÅÈëCO2ÖÐÄܼÌÐøȼÉÕ | »¹ÔÐÔ£ºMg£¾C |
¢Û | NaHCO3ÈÜÒºÓëNaAlO2ÈÜÒº»ìºÏ²úÉú°×É«³Áµí | ËáÐÔ£ºHCO3-£¾Al£¨OH£©3 |
¢Ü | ³£ÎÂÏ°×Á׿É×Ôȼ¶øµªÆøÐèÔڷŵçʱ²ÅÓëÑõÆø·´Ó¦ | ·Ç½ðÊôÐÔ£ºP£¾N |
¢Ý | ij°×É«ÈÜÒºÖмÓÈëÇâÑõ»¯ÄÆÈÜÒº²¢¼ÓÈÈ£¬²úÉúµÄÆøÌåÄÜʹʪÈóºìɫʯÈïÊÔÖ½±äÀ¶ | ¸ÃÈÜÒºÖÐÒ»¶¨ÓÐNH4+ |
A£® | ¢Ù¢Ú¢Û | B£® | ¢Ù¢Û¢Ý | C£® | ¢Ú¢Û¢Ý | D£® | ¢Û¢Ü¢Ý |
·ÖÎö ¢ÙÆ·ºìÈÜÒºÍÊÉ«£¬ÆøÌå¿ÉÒÔΪ¶þÑõ»¯Áò¡¢ÂÈÆøµÈ£¬½áºÏ¶þÑõ»¯ÁòµÄ¼ìÑé·½·¨·ÖÎöÅжϣ»
¢ÚȼÉÕµÄþÌõ·ÅÈëCO2ÖÐÄܼÌÐøȼÉÕ£¬Éú³ÉMgOºÍC£¬Ñõ»¯»¹Ô·´Ó¦Öл¹Ô¼ÁµÄ»¹ÔÐÔ´óÓÚ»¹Ô²úÎ
¢ÛNaAlO2ÈÜÒºÖÐÆ«ÂÁËá¸ùÀë×Ó½áºÏÇâÀë×ÓÉú³ÉÇâÑõ»¯ÂÁ³Áµí£¬´Ù½ø̼ËáÇâ¸ùÀë×ӵĵçÀ룬×îºóÉú³ÉÇâÑõ»¯ÂÁ³ÁµíºÍ̼Ëá¸ùÀë×Ó£»
¢ÜN¡ÔN¼üÄÜ´ó£¬ÐÔÖÊÎȶ¨£¬Ó¦ÀûÓõ¥ÖʺÍÇâÆø»¯ºÏµÄÌõ¼þ¡¢Éú³ÉÇ⻯ÎïÎȶ¨ÐÔ»ò×î¸ß¼Ûº¬ÑõËáµÄËáÐÔÀ´±È½Ï·Ç½ðÊôÐÔ£»
¢Ý²úÉúµÄÆøÌåÄÜʹʪÈóºìɫʯÈïÊÔÖ½±äÀ¶£¬ÆøÌåΪ°±Æø£®
½â´ð ½â£º¢ÙÆ·ºìÈÜÒºÍÊÉ«£¬ÆøÌåΪ¶þÑõ»¯Áò¡¢ÂÈÆøµÈ£¬Èô¼ÓÈȻָ´ºìÉ«£¬ÆøÌåΪ¶þÑõ»¯Áò£¬¹Ê¢Ù´íÎó£»
¢ÚȼÉÕµÄþÌõ·ÅÈëCO2ÖÐÄܼÌÐøȼÉÕ£¬Éú³ÉMgOºÍC£¬ÓÉ»¹Ô¼ÁµÄ»¹ÔÐÔ´óÓÚ»¹Ô²úÎïµÄ»¹ÔÐÔ¿ÉÖª£¬»¹ÔÐÔΪMg£¾C£¬¹Ê¢ÚÕýÈ·£»
¢ÛNaAlO2ÈÜÒº´Ù½ø̼ËáÇâ¸ùÀë×ӵĵçÀëÉú³ÉÇâÑõ»¯ÂÁ³ÁµíºÍ̼Ëá¸ùÀë×Ó£¬ÔòËáÐÔ£ºHCO3-£¾Al£¨OH£©3£¬¹Ê¢ÛÕýÈ·£»
¢ÜN¡ÔN¼üÄÜ´ó£¬ÐÔÖÊÎȶ¨£¬ÀûÓúÍÇâÆø»¯ºÏµÄÌõ¼þ»òÉú³ÉÇ⻯ÎïÎȶ¨ÐÔ»ò×î¸ß¼Ûº¬ÑõËáµÄËáÐÔÀ´±È½Ï·Ç½ðÊôÐÔ£¬³£ÎÂÏ°×Á׿É×Ôȼ¶øµªÆøÐèÔڷŵçʱ²ÅÓëÑõÆø·´Ó¦ÊÇÒòΪ·Ö×ӽṹµÄÔÒò£¬ÊÂʵΪ·Ç½ðÊôÐÔN£¾P£¬¹Ê¢Ü´íÎó£»
¢ÝºÍ¼îÈÜÒº²¢¼ÓÈȲúÉúµÄÆøÌåÄÜʹʪÈóºìɫʯÈïÊÔÖ½±äÀ¶£¬ÆøÌåΪ°±Æø£¬Ôò¸Ã¾§ÌåÖÐÒ»¶¨ÓÐNH4+£¬¹Ê¢ÝÕýÈ·£»
ÉÏÊö·ÖÎö¿ÉÖª¢Ú¢Û¢ÝÕýÈ·£»
¹ÊÑ¡C£®
µãÆÀ ±¾Ì⿼²é»¯Ñ§ÊµÑé·½°¸µÄÆÀ¼Û£¬Îª¸ßƵ¿¼µã£¬Éæ¼°ÎïÖʵÄÐÔÖÊ¡¢·´Ó¦ÏÖÏóÓë½áÂ۵ĹØϵµÈ£¬°ÑÎÕÎïÖʵÄÐÔÖʼ°·´Ó¦ÔÀíΪ½â´ðµÄ¹Ø¼ü£¬²àÖØ·ÖÎöÓëÓ¦ÓÃÄÜÁ¦µÄ¿¼²é£¬ÌâÄ¿ÄѶȲ»´ó£®
A£® | OÔ×Ó·¢ÉúspÔÓ»¯ | B£® | OÔ×ÓÓëH¡¢Cl¶¼ÐγɦҼü | ||
C£® | ¸Ã·Ö×ÓΪֱÏßÐÍ·Ö×Ó | D£® | HClO·Ö×ӵĽṹʽÊÇ£ºH-Cl-O |
A£® | ·Åµçʱ£¬Li+Ïò¸º¼«Òƶ¯ | |
B£® | ³äµçʱ£¬Ñô¼«ÖÊÁ¿¼õÉÙ£¬Òõ¼«ÖÊÁ¿Ôö¼Ó | |
C£® | ·Åµçʱ£¬Õý¼«µÄµç¼«·´Ó¦Ê½ÎªS62-+10e-=6S2- | |
D£® | ¿ÉÓÃLiClË®ÈÜÒº´úÌæHFP¸ôĤ |
£¨1£©250¡æʱ£¬ÒÔÄøºÏ½ðΪ´ß»¯¼Á£¬Ïò4LÈÝÆ÷ÖÐͨÈë6molCO2¡¢6molCH4£¬·¢Éú·´Ó¦£ºCO2£¨g£©+CH4£¨g£©?2CO£¨g£©+2H2£¨g£©£®Æ½ºâÌåϵÖи÷×é·ÖÎïÖʵÄÁ¿Èç±í£º
ÎïÖÊ | CH4 | CO2 | CO | H2 |
ÎïÖʵÄÁ¿mol | 2 | 2 | 8 | 8 |
¢ÚÒÑÖª£ºCH4£¨g£©+2O2£¨g£©=CO2£¨g£©+2H2O£¨g£©¡÷H=-890.3kJ•mol-1
CO£¨g£©+H2O£¨g£©=CO2£¨g£©+H2£¨g£©¡÷H=+2.8kJ•mol-1
2CO£¨g£©+O2£¨g£©=2CO2£¨g£©¡÷H=-566.0kJ£®mol-1
·´Ó¦CO2£¨g£©+CH4£¨g£©?2CO£¨g£©+2H2£¨g£©µÄ¡÷H=+247.3 kJ•mol-1£®
£¨2£©ÒÔ¶þÑõ»¯îѱíÃ渲¸ÇCu2Al2O4Ϊ´ß»¯¼Á£®¿ÉÒÔ½«CO2ºÍCH4Ö±½Óת»¯Îª³ÉÒÒËᣮ
¢ÙÔÚ²»Í¬Î¶ÈÏ´߻¯¼ÁµÄ´ß»¯Ð§¹ûÓëÒÒËáµÄÉú³ÉËÙÂÊÈçͼ1Ëùʾ£®250¡«300¡æʱ£¬Î¶ÈÉý¸ß¶øÒÒËáµÄÉú³ÉËÙÂʽµµÍµÄÔÒòÊÇζȳ¬¹ý250¡æʱ£¬´ß»¯¼ÁµÄ´ß»¯Ð§ÂʽµµÍ£®
¢ÚΪÁËÌá¸ß¸Ã·´Ó¦ÖÐCH4µÄת»¯ÂÊ£¬¿ÉÒÔ²ÉÈ¡µÄ´ëÊ©ÊÇËõСÌå»ýÔö´óѹǿ»òÔö´óCO2µÄŨ¶È£®
£¨3£©¢ÙLi2O¡¢Na2O¡¢MgO¾ùÄÜÎüÊÕCO2£®Èç¹ûÑ°ÕÒÎüÊÕCO2µÄÆäËûÎïÖÊ£¬ÏÂÁн¨ÒéºÏÀíµÄÊÇab£®
a£®¿ÉÔÚ¼îÐÔÑõ»¯ÎïÖÐÑ°ÕÒ
b£®¿ÉÔÚ¢ñA¡¢¢òA×åÔªËØÐγɵÄÑõ»¯ÎïÖÐÑ°ÕÒ
c¿ÉÔÚ¾ßÓÐÇ¿Ñõ»¯ÐÔµÄÎïÖÊÖÐÑ°ÕÒ
¢ÚLi2OÎüÊÕCO2ºó£¬²úÎïÓÃÓںϳÉLi4SiO4ÓÃÓÚÎüÊÕ¡¢ÊÍ·ÅCO2£®ÔÀíÊÇ£ºÔÚ500¡æ£¬CO2ÓëLi4SiO4½Ó´¥ºóÉú³ÉLi2CO3ºÍÁíÒ»ÖÖÑΣ»Æ½ºâºó¼ÓÈÈÖÁ700¡æ£¬·´Ó¦ÄæÏò½øÐзųöCO2£¬Li4SiO4ÔÙÉú£¬Ð´³öCO2ºÍLi4SiO4·´Ó¦µÄ»¯Ñ§·½³ÌʽCO2+Li4SiO4$\frac{\underline{\;500¡æ\;}}{\;}$Li2CO3+Li2SiO3£®
£¨4£©·´Ó¦A£ºCO2+H2O$\frac{\underline{\;µç½â\;}}{¸ßÎÂ}$CO2+H2+O2ÀûÓ÷´Ó¦A¿É½«ÊͷŵÄCO2ת»¯Îª¾ßÓй¤ÒµÀûÓüÛÖµµÄ²úÆ·£®¸ßεç½â¼¼ÊõÄܸßЧʵÏÖ·´Ó¦A£¬¹¤×÷ÔÀíʾÒâͼÈçͼ2£®CO2Ôڵ缫a·ÅµçµÄ·´Ó¦Ê½ÊÇCO2+2e-¨TCO+O2-£®
A£® | ÀûÓÃÒ»ÊøÇ¿¹âÕÕÉäÃ÷·¯ÈÜÒº£¬²úÉú¹âÁÁµÄ¡°Í¨Â·¡±£¬ËµÃ÷Ã÷·¯Ò»¶¨·¢ÉúÁËË®½â | |
B£® | ÓëAl·´Ó¦·Å³öH2µÄÈÜÒºÖÐMg2-¡¢Ca2-¡¢HCO3-¡¢NO3-ÓпÉÄÜ´óÁ¿¹²´æ | |
C£® | Ca£¨ClO£©2ÈÜÒºÖÐͨÈë¹ýÁ¿SO2µÄÀë×Ó·½³Ìʽ£ºClO-+SO2+H2O=HClO+HSO3- | |
D£® | µÈÌå»ý¡¢µÈÎïÖʵÄÁ¿Å¨¶ÈµÄNaXµÄÈõËáHX»ìºÏºóµÄÈÜÒºÖÐc£¨Na+£©£¾c£¨HX£©£¾c£¨H+£©£¾c£¨OH-£© |
A£® | Si¡¢P¡¢SÔªËصÄ×î¸ßÕý¼ÛÒÀ´Î½µµÍ | |
B£® | Li¡¢Na¡¢KµÄÔ×Ӱ뾶ÒÀ´ÎÔö´ó | |
C£® | C¡¢O¡¢NµÄÔ×Ӱ뾶ÒÀ´Î¼õС | |
D£® | Na¡¢Mg¡¢AlÔ×ÓµÄ×îÍâ²ãµç×ÓÊýÒÀ´Î¼õÉÙ |
A£® | Cl2¡¢Æ¯°×·ÛºÍSO2¾ù¿ÉÒÔƯ°×ÓÐÉ«ÎïÖÊ£¬ÇÒƯ°×µÄÔÀíÏàͬ | |
B£® | Âȼҵ¾ÍÊÇÖ¸¹¤ÒµÉϵç½â±¥ºÍʳÑÎË®µÄ·½·¨ÖÆÈ¡NaOH¡¢Cl2¡¢H2µÄ¹ý³Ì | |
C£® | ¹¤¶Î¢Ü±ØÐëÔÚ¸ÉÔïµÄHClÆøÁ÷ÖмÓÈȲÅÄÜÖÆÈ¡ÎÞË®MgCl2 | |
D£® | ¹¤¶Î¢Ù¢Ú¢Û·¢ÉúµÄ·´Ó¦¾ùΪÑõ»¯»¹Ô·´Ó¦£¬ÇÒäåÔªËؾù±»Ñõ»¯ |