ÌâÄ¿ÄÚÈÝ
¡¾ÌâÄ¿¡¿³¤Óà»Ô²ÄÁÏÔÚ·¢¹âÕÕÃ÷¡¢½»Í¨µÈÁìÓò¾ßÓй㷺µÄÓ¦ÓÃÇ°¾°¡£ÏÂͼÊÇÒ»ÖÖÀûÓôóÀíʯ(Ö÷Òª³É·ÖCaCO3ºÍMgCO3)ºÍÂÁÍÁ¿ó(Ö÷Òª³É·ÖAl2O3£¬»¹º¬ÉÙÁ¿Fe2O3ÔÓÖÊ)ÖƱ¸Ò»ÖÖ³¤Óà»Ô²ÄÁÏ(Ca12Al14Ox)µÄ¹¤ÒÕÁ÷³Ìͼ¡£»Ø´ðÏÂÁÐÎÊÌ⣺
(1)Ca12Al14OxÖÐxµÄÊýֵΪ ______£¬ÊÔ¼ÁXµÄÃû³ÆÊÇ_________¡£
(2)NH4ClÈÜÒºÄÜÈܽ⡰·ÛÄ©¡±µÄÔÒòÊÇ_________£¬·¢ÉúµÄÖ÷Òª·´Ó¦µÄ»¯Ñ§·½³ÌΪ______¡£
(3)·´Ó¦¢ÚµÄÀë×Ó·½³ÌʽΪ _______¡£
(4)ʵÑéÊÒ¼ÓÈÈAl(OH)3Ó¦ÔÚ________(ÌîÒÇÆ÷Ãû³Æ)½øÐУ»²Ù×÷¢Ù°üÀ¨_____¡¢¸ÉÔïµÈ¡£
(5)ÈôÈÜÒº¼×ÖÐc(Mg2+) <5¡Á10-5molL-1ÔªËØËðʧ£¬´ËʱӦµ÷½ÚÈÜÒºpH´óÓÚ______£¬Îª¼õÉÙ¸ÆÔªËØËðʧ£¬Ó¦¿ØÖÆÈÜÒº¼×ÖÐc(Ca2+)¡Ü______¡£³£ÎÂÏÂKsp[Mg(OH)2]=5¡Á10£11£¬Ksp[Ca(OH)2]=5¡Á10£6¡£
¡¾´ð°¸¡¿33 ÇâÑõ»¯ÄÆÈÜÒº NH4ClÈÜÒºÖÐ笠ùÀë×ÓË®½â£¬ÈÜÒº³ÊËáÐÔ CaCl2£«2NH3£«CO2£«H2O=CaCO3¡ý£«2NH4Cl AlO2££«CO2£«2H2O=Al(OH)3¡ý£«HCO3£ ÛáÛö ¹ýÂË¡¢Ï´µÓ 11 5mol¡¤L£1
¡¾½âÎö¡¿
´óÀíʯÔÚ¸ßÎÂÏÂìÑÉÕ£¬CaCO3ºÍMgCO3¾ù·Ö½âÉú³ÉCaOºÍMgO£¬¼ÓÈëNH4ClÈܽ⣬µÃµ½CaCl2ºÍMgCl2µÄ»ìºÏÈÜÒº£¬Í¨ÈëNH3£¬Mg2£«×ª»¯ÎªMg(OH)2£¬¹ýÂ˳ýÈ¥£¬CaCl2ÈÜÒºÖмÓÈëNH3¡¢CO2µÃµ½CaCO3¡£ÂÁÍÁ¿óÖк¬ÓÐAl2O3ºÍFe2O3£¬ÀûÓÃAl2O3ÈÜÓÚÇ¿¼î£¬½øÐзÖÀ룬¼ÓÈëÇ¿¼î£¬µÃµ½AlO2£ÈÜÒº£¬Í¨¹ýCO2£¬¿É½«AlO2£×ª»¯ÎªAl(OH)3£¬¼ÓÈÈ·Ö½âµÃµ½Al2O3¡£×îÖյõ½³¤Óà»Ô²ÄÁÏ¡£
(1)¸ù¾Ý»¯ºÏÎïÖи÷ÖÖÔªËØ»¯ºÏ¼ÛµÄ´úÊýºÍµÈÓÚÁ㣬Ca12Al14OxÖÐCa¡¢AlµÄ»¯ºÏ¼Û·Ö±ðΪ£«2¡¢£«3£¬ÔòÓÐ12¡Á2£«14¡Á3£«(£2)x=0£¬µÃx=33£»
ÂÁÍÁ¿óÖк¬ÓÐAl2O3ºÍFe2O3£¬ÀûÓÃAl2O3ÈÜÓÚÇ¿¼î£¬½øÐзÖÀ룬XΪǿ¼î£¬¸ù¾ÝºóÃæµÄÁ÷³ÌµÃµ½NaHCO3£¬¿ÉÖª¸ÃÇ¿¼îΪÇâÑõ»¯ÄÆÈÜÒº£»
(2)CaCO3ºÍMgCO3ÔÚ¸ßÎÂÏÂìÑÉÕÉú³ÉCaOºÍMgO·ÛÄ©£¬ÒòNH4ClΪǿËáÈõ¼îÑΣ¬ÆäÈÜÒºÖеÄNH4£«Ë®½âʹµÃÈÜÒº³ÊËáÐÔ£¬Äܹ»ÈܽâCaOºÍMgO£¬Éú³ÉCa2£«¡¢Mg2£«£¬Í¨ÈëNH3ºóMg2£«ÐγÉMg(OH)2³Áµí£¬¹ýÂ˳ýÈ¥£¬ÈÜÒºÒÒΪCaCl2ÈÜÒº£¬ÔÙͨÈëNH3ºÍCO2£¬·¢Éú·´Ó¦CaCl2£«2NH3£«CO2£«H2O=CaCO3¡ý£«2NH4Cl£»
(3)ÓÉÁ÷³Ìͼ¿ÉÖª£¬·´Ó¦¢ÚΪNaAlO2ÈÜÒºÖÐͨÈë¹ýÁ¿µÄCO2£¬Éú³ÉAl(OH)3ºÍNaHCO3£¬Àë×Ó·½³ÌʽΪAlO2££«CO2£«2H2O=Al(OH)3¡ý£«HCO3££»
(4)¼ÓÈȹÌÌåÐèÒªÛáÛö£»²Ù×÷¢ÙÊÇΪÁ˵õ½CaCO3³Áµí£¬¾ßÌå²Ù×÷Ϊ¹ýÂË¡¢Ï´µÓ¡¢¸ÉÔïµÈ£»
(5)=5¡Á10£11£¬ÈôÈÜÒº¼×ÖÐc(Mg2+)<5¡Á10-5molL-1£¬´úÈëÊý¾Ý£¬£¬ÔòpH=£¬ÔòpHÓ¦¸Ã´óÓÚ11£»
pH=11ʱ£¬ÈÜÒºÖÐc(OH£)=10£3mol¡¤L£1£¬´øÈëÊý¾Ý£¬£¬´øÈëÊý¾Ý£¬c(Ca2£«)=5mol¡¤L£1£¬Îª¼õÉÙ¸ÆÔªËØËðʧ£¬Ó¦¿ØÖÆÈÜÒº¼×ÖÐc(Ca2+)¡Ü5mol¡¤L£1¡£