ÌâÄ¿ÄÚÈÝ
¡¾ÌâÄ¿¡¿Ä³Ç¿ËáÐÔÎÞÉ«ÈÜÒºÖпÉÄܺ¬Ï±íÀë×ÓÖеÄÈô¸ÉÖÖÀë×Ó¡£
ÑôÀë×Ó | Mg2+¡¢NH4+¡¢Ba2+¡¢Al3+¡¢Fe2+ |
ÒõÀë×Ó | SiO32-¡¢MnO4-¡¢Cl-¡¢NO3-¡¢SO42- |
ʵÑé¢ñ:È¡ÉÙÁ¿¸ÃÇ¿ËáÐÔÈÜÒºA½øÐÐÈçÏÂʵÑé¡£
ʵÑé¢ò:ΪÁ˽øÒ»²½È·¶¨¸ÃÈÜÒºµÄ×é³É,È¡100 mLÔÈÜÒºA,Ïò¸ÃÈÜÒºÖеμÓ1 mol¡¤L-1µÄNaOHÈÜÒº,²úÉú³ÁµíµÄÖÊÁ¿ÓëÇâÑõ»¯ÄÆÈÜÒºÌå»ýµÄ¹ØϵÈçͼËùʾ¡£
»Ø´ðÏÂÁÐÎÊÌâ:
(1)²»½øÐÐʵÑé¾Í¿ÉÒÔÍƶϳö,ÉϱíÖеÄÀë×ÓÒ»¶¨²»´æÔÚµÄÓÐ________ÖÖ¡£
(2)ͨ¹ýʵÑé¢ñ¿ÉÒÔÈ·¶¨¸ÃÈÜÒºÖÐÒ»¶¨´æÔÚµÄÒõÀë×ÓÊÇ_________¡£¼ìÑéÆøÌåXµÄ·½·¨ÊÇ_______________;³ÁµíZµÄ»¯Ñ§Ê½Îª_____________¡£
(3)д³öʵÑé¢òµÄͼʾÖÐBC¶Î¶ÔÓ¦·´Ó¦µÄÀë×Ó·½³Ìʽ:________________¡£
(4)Aµã¶ÔÓ¦µÄ¹ÌÌåÖÊÁ¿Îª____ g¡£
(5)ͨ¹ýÉÏÊöÐÅÏ¢,ÍÆËã¸ÃÈÜÒºÖÐÒõÀë×ÓµÄŨ¶ÈΪ________ mol¡¤L-1¡£
¡¾´ð°¸¡¿4 NO3- ÓÃÄ÷×Ó¼ÐÒ»¿éʪÈóµÄºìɫʯÈïÊÔÖ½¿¿½üÆøÌåX,ÊÔÖ½±äÀ¶ Mg(OH)2 Al(OH)3+OH-=AlO2-+2H2O 0.136 0.08
¡¾½âÎö¡¿
ijǿËáÐÔÎÞÉ«ÈÜÒºÖÐFe2+¡¢SiO32-¡¢MnO4-¡¢SO32-Ò»¶¨²»´æÔÚ£¬ÊÔÒº¼ÓÈëÏõËáÒø²»»á³öÏÖ°×É«³Áµí£¬ËùÒÔÒ»¶¨²»º¬Cl-£¬ÓÉÈÜҺΪµçÖÐÐÔ¿ÉÖªÒ»¶¨º¬ÒõÀë×ÓΪNO3-£¬ÊÔÒº¼ÓÈëÁòËáÎÞ³Áµí²úÉú£¬Ò»¶¨²»º¬Ba2+£¬¼ÓÈë¹ýÁ¿µÄÇâÑõ»¯ÄÆ£¬¼ÓÈÈ£¬²úÉú³Áµí£¬ÆøÌ壬ÔòÒ»¶¨´æÔÚMg2+¡¢NH4+£¬ÎªÁ˽øÒ»²½È·¶¨¸ÃÈÜÒºµÄ×é³É£¬È¡100mLÔÈÜÒº£¬Ïò¸ÃÈÜÒºÖеμÓ1mol/LµÄNaOHÈÜÒº£¬ÓÉͼÖвúÉú³ÁµíµÄÖÊÁ¿ÓëÇâÑõ»¯ÄÆÈÜÒºÌå»ýµÄ¹Øϵ¿ÉÖªÒ»¶¨º¬ÓÐAl3+£¬ÒÔ´ËÀ´½â´ð¡£
(1)¡¢Ä³Ç¿ËáÐÔÎÞÉ«ÈÜÒºÖÐFe2+¡¢SiO32-¡¢MnO4-¡¢SO32-Ò»¶¨²»´æÔÚ£»
¹Ê´ð°¸Îª£º4£»
(2)¡¢Ç¿ËáÐÔÎÞÉ«ÈÜÒºÖÐFe2+¡¢SiO32-¡¢MnO4-¡¢SO32-Ò»¶¨²»´æÔÚ£¬ÊÔÒº¼ÓÈëÏõËáÒø²»»á³öÏÖ°×É«³Áµí,ËùÒÔÒ»¶¨²»º¬Cl-£¬¼ÓÈëÁòËáÎÞ³Áµí²úÉú,Ò»¶¨²»º¬Ba2+£¬¼ÓÈë¹ýÁ¿µÄÇâÑõ»¯ÄÆ£¬¼ÓÈÈ£¬²úÉú³Áµí¡¢ÆøÌ壬ÔòÒ»¶¨´æÔÚMg2+¡¢NH4+£¬Í¨¹ýʵÑéI¿ÉÒÔÈ·¶¨¸ÃÈÜÒºÖÐÒ»¶¨´æÔÚµÄÒõÀë×ÓÊÇNO3-£¬ÆøÌåXÊÇ°±Æø£¬¼ìÑé·½·¨£ºÓÃÄ÷×Ó¼ÐÒ»¿éʪÈóµÄºìɫʯÈïÊÔÖ½¿¿½üÆøÌåx£¬ÊÔÖ½±äÀ¶£¬³ÁµíZµÄ»¯Ñ§Ê½ÎªMg(OH)2£»
¹Ê´ð°¸Îª£ºNO£»Óà ×Ó¼ÐÒ»¿éʪÈóµÄºìɫʯÈïÊÔÖ½¿¿½üÆøÌåx£¬ÊÔÖ½±äÀ¶£»Mg(OH)2£»
(3)¡¢ÊµÑéIIµÄͼÏóÖÐBC¶ÎÊÇÇâÑõ»¯ÂÁÈÜÓÚÇâÑõ»¯ÄƵĹý³Ì, ¶ÔÓ¦µÄÀë×Ó·½³ÌʽΪ£ºAl(OH)3+OH-=AlO2-+2H2O£»
¹Ê´ð°¸Îª£ºAl(OH)3+OH-=AlO2-+2H2O £»
(4)¡¢BC¶Î¶ÔÓ¦µÄÀë×Ó·½³Ìʽ£ºAl(OH)3+OH-=AlO2-+2H2O£¬ÏûºÄµÄÇâÑõ»¯ÄÆÊÇ0.001mol£¬ËùÒÔº¬ÓÐÂÁÀë×ÓÊÇ0.001mol£¬³ÁµíþÀë×ÓºÍÂÁÀë×ÓÒ»¹²ÏûºÄÇâÑõ»¯ÄÆ0.005mol£¬ËùÒÔþÀë×ÓÎïÖʵÄÁ¿Ò²ÊÇ0.001mol£¬AµçÀëµÃµ½µÄ¹ÌÌåÊÇÇâÑõ»¯Ã¾0.001molºÍÇâÑõ»¯ÂÁ0.001mol£¬ÖÊÁ¿ÊÇ0.001mol¡Á58g/ mol + 0.001mol¡Á78g/mol= 0.136g£»
¹Ê´ð°¸Îª£º0.136£»
(5)¡¢¸ÃÈÜÒºÖдæÔÚµÄÒõÀë×ÓÊÇNO3-£¬¸ù¾ÝͼÏóÈÜÒº´æÔÚÇâÀë×ÓÊÇ0.001mol£¬´æÔÚ笠ùÀë×ÓÊÇ0.002mol£¬ÂÁÀë×Ó¡¢Ã¾Àë×Ó¸÷ÊÇ0.001 mol£¬¸ù¾ÝµçºÉÊغ㣬ÏõËá¸ùÀë×ÓÎïÖʵÄÁ¿n= 0.001mol+0.002mol+0.002mol+0.003mol = 0.008mol£¬£¬
¹Ê´ð°¸Îª£º0.08¡£