ÌâÄ¿ÄÚÈÝ
14£®CO2ÈÜÓÚË®Éú³É̼ËᣮÒÑÖªÏÂÁÐÊý¾Ý£ºÈôµç½âÖÊ | H2CO3 | NH3•H2O |
µçÀëƽºâ³£Êý£¨25¡æ£© | ${K}_{{a}_{1}}$=4.30¡Á107 ${K}_{{a}_{2}}$=5.61¡Á10-11 | Kh=1.77¡Á10-5 |
³£ÊýKh=$\frac{{K}_{w}}{{K}_{{a}_{2}}}$£®ÏÂÁÐ˵·¨ÕýÈ·µÄÊÇ£®
A£® | ÓÉÊý¾Ý¿ÉÅжϸÃÈÜÒº³ÊËáÐÔ | |
B£® | c£¨NH4+£©£¾c£¨HCO32-£©£¾c£¨CO32-£©£¾c£¨NH3•H2O£© | |
C£® | c£¨NH4+£©+c£¨NH3•H2O£©=2c£¨CO32-£©+2c£¨HCO3-£©+2c£¨H2CO3£© | |
D£® | c£¨NH4+£©+c£¨H+£©=c£¨HCO3-£©+c£¨OH-£©+c£¨CO32-£© |
·ÖÎö A£®¸ù¾ÝCO32-µÚÒ»²½Ë®½âµÄƽºâ³£Êý´óÓÚNH4+Ë®½âµÄƽºâ³£Êý¿ÉÖªÈÜÒº³Ê¼îÐÔ£»
B£®Ì¼Ëá¸ùÀë×ÓË®½â³Ì¶È½ÏС£¬Ôòc£¨CO32-£©£¾c£¨HCO3-£©£»
C£®¸ù¾Ý̼Ëáï§ÈÜÒºÖеÄÎïÁÏÊغãÅжϣ»
D£®¸ù¾Ý̼Ëáï§ÈÜÒºÖеĵçºÉÊغãÅжϣ®
½â´ð ½â£ºA£®CO32-µÚÒ»²½Ë®½âµÄƽºâ³£Êý$\frac{{K}_{W}}{5.61¡Á1{0}^{-11}}$´óÓÚNH4+Ë®½âµÄƽºâ³£Êý$\frac{{K}_{W}}{1.77¡Á1{0}^{-5}}$£¬ÔòÈÜÒº³Ê¼îÐÔ£¬¹ÊA´íÎó£»
B£®ï§¸ùÀë×ÓµÄË®½â³Ì¶ÈÐèҪ̼Ëá¸ùÀë×Ó£¬ÔòÈÜÒºÖÐc£¨NH4+£©£¾c£¨CO32-£©¡¢c£¨HCO3-£©£¾c£¨NH3•H2O£©£¬ÓÉÓÚË®½â³Ì¶È½ÏС£¬Ôòc£¨CO32-£©£¾c£¨HCO3-£©£¬ËùÒÔÈÜÒºÖÐÀë×ÓŨ¶È´óСΪ£ºc£¨NH4+£©£¾c£¨CO32-£©£¾c£¨HCO3-£©£¾c£¨NH3•H2O£©£¬¹ÊB´íÎó£»
C£®ÒÀ¾ÝÈÜÒºÖÐÎïÁÏÊغãµÃµ½£ºc£¨NH4+£©+c£¨NH3•H2O£©=2c£¨CO32-£©+2c£¨HCO3-£©+2c£¨H2CO3£©=2mol•L-1 £¬¹ÊCÕýÈ·£»
D£®ÈÜÒºÖдæÔÚµçºÉÊغãΪ£ºc£¨NH4+£©+c£¨H+£©=c£¨HCO3-£©+c£¨OH-£©+2c£¨CO32-£©£¬¹ÊD´íÎó£»
¹ÊÑ¡C£®
µãÆÀ ±¾Ì⿼²éÁËÀë×ÓŨ¶È´óС±È½Ï£¬ÌâÄ¿ÄѶÈÖеȣ¬Ã÷ȷ̼Ëá¸ùÀë×Ó¡¢ï§¸ùÀë×ÓµÄË®½â³Ì¶È´óСΪ½â´ð¹Ø¼ü£¬×¢ÒâÕÆÎÕµçºÉÊغ㡢ÎïÁÏÊغ㼰ÑεÄË®½âÔÀíÔÚÅжÏÀë×ÓŨ¶È´óСÖеÄÓ¦Ó÷½·¨£®
A£® | õ¥´æÔÚÓÚÐí¶àË®¹ûÏÊ»¨ÖоßÓÐÌØÊâµÄÏãζ | |
B£® | ÒÒËáºÍ¼×´¼ÔÚÒ»¶¨Ìõ¼þÏÂÒ²ÄÜ·¢Éúõ¥»¯·´Ó¦ | |
C£® | õ¥»¯·´Ó¦Ò²ÊôÓÚÈ¡´ú·´Ó¦ | |
D£® | õ¥»¯·´Ó¦ÖÐÐèҪϡÁòËá×ö´ß»¯¼Á |
A£® | ζÈÔ½¸ß£¬´ß»¯¼ÁµÄ´ß»¯Ð§¹ûÔ½ºÃ | |
B£® | Æû³µÅÅÆø¹ÜÉϵġ°´ß»¯×ª»¯Æ÷¡±ÄܼõÉÙÓк¦ÆøÌåÅÅ·Å | |
C£® | ´ß»¯¼Á¿ÉÒԸı仯ѧ·´Ó¦ËÙÂÊ£¬µ«²»ÄÜÆÆ»µ»¯Ñ§Æ½ºâ | |
D£® | ´ß»¯¼Á¿ÉÒԸı仯ѧ·´Ó¦Â·¾¶£¬ÇÒ·´Ó¦Ç°ºóÆäÖÊÁ¿ºÍ»¯Ñ§ÐÔÖʶ¼²»·¢Éú±ä»¯ |
A£® | aµãʱ£¬ÈÜÒº³Ê¼îÐÔµÄÔÒòÊÇCO32-·¢ÉúË®½â·´Ó¦£¬ÆäÀë×Ó·½³ÌʽΪ£ºCO32-+2H2O=H2CO3+2OH- | |
B£® | a¡úb¶Î£¬ÈÜÒºÓÐÆøÌå·Å³ö | |
C£® | cµãÒÔºó£¬ÑÎËá¹ýÁ¿ | |
D£® | dµãÈÜÒºÖÐc£¨Na+£©=c£¨Cl-£© |
A£® | ¿ÉÒÔͨ¹ý¹ýÂ˵ķ½·¨½«µí·Û½ºÌåÖлìÓеÄÂÈ»¯ÄÆÈÜÒº³ýÈ¥ | |
B£® | ÔÚ2mL10%µÄCuSO4£¨aq£©ÖеÎÈë3µÎ 2%µÄNaOH£¨aq£©£¬ÅäÖƼìÑéÈ©»ùµÄÊÔ¼Á | |
C£® | ÓÃÍÐÅÌÌìƽ׼ȷ³ÆÈ¡14.80g Ca£¨OH£©2£¬ÅäÖÆ100mL 2.0 mol/LµÄCa£¨OH£©2ÈÜÒº | |
D£® | ÒÒËáÒÒõ¥ÖÐÉÙÁ¿ÒÒ´¼ÔÓÖʿɼÓË®³ýÈ¥£¬ÆäÔÀíÓëäåË®ÖмÓËÄÂÈ»¯Ì¼ÝÍÈ¡äåÀàËÆ |
A£® | ÊÒÎÂʱ£¬HAµÄµçÀë¶ÈԼΪ10-6 | |
B£® | ͼÖÐBµãʱ£¬ÈÜÒºµÄKWÂÔ´óÓÚ1¡Á10-14 | |
C£® | ͼÖÐCµãʱ£¬ÈÜÒºÖÐc£¨A-£©=c£¨Na+£©£¾c£¨H+£©=c£¨OH-£© | |
D£® | ͼÖÐDµãºó£¬ÈÜҺζÈÂÔϽµµÄÖ÷ÒªÔÒòÊÇÉú³ÉµÄ NaAË®½âÎüÈÈ |