ÌâÄ¿ÄÚÈÝ
15£®ÏÂÁÐÁ½ÖÖ·½°¸ÖƱ¸ÇâÑõ»¯ÂÁ£º¢ñ£º2.7gAl$\stackrel{100mLÏ¡ÑÎËá}{¡ú}$XÈÜÒº$\stackrel{ÇâÑõ»¯ÄÆÈÜÒº}{¡ú}$ÇâÑõ»¯ÂÁ
¢ò2.7gAl$\stackrel{100mLÇâÑõ»¯ÄÆÈÜÒº}{¡ú}$YÈÜÒº$\stackrel{Ï¡ÑÎËá}{¡ú}$ÇâÑõ»¯ÂÁ
ÒÑÖªËùÓõÄÏ¡ÑÎËáÓëÇâÑõ»¯ÄÆÈÜÒº¾ùΪ3mol/L£®Í¼ÊÇÏòXÈÜÒºÓëYÈÜÒºÖзֱð¼ÓÈëÇâÑõ»¯ÄÆÈÜÒº»òÏ¡ÑÎËáʱ²úÉú³ÁµíµÄÖÊÁ¿Óë¼ÓÈëÈÜÒºÌå»ýÖ®¼äµÄ¹Øϵ£®£¨»ìºÏºóÌå»ý±ä»¯ºöÂÔ²»¼Æ£©ÏÂÁÐ˵·¨ÕýÈ·µÄÊÇ£¨¡¡¡¡£©
A£® | ÔÚaÇúÏß±íʾµÄÊÇÏòYÈÜÒºÖмÓÈëÏ¡ÑÎËá | |
B£® | ·½°¸¢ò±È·½°¸¢ñÉú³É¸ü¶àµÄÆøÌå | |
C£® | ÔÚMµãʱ£¬Á½·½°¸ÖÐËùµÃÈÜÒºµÄÈÜÖÊÖÊÁ¿·ÖÊýÏàͬ | |
D£® | MµãÒÔºó£¬a¡¢bÁ½ÌõÇúÏß½«ÖغÏΪһÌõ |
·ÖÎö ·½°¸I»á·¢Éú·´Ó¦£º2Al+6HCl=2AlCl3+3H2¡ü¡¢AlCl3+3NaOH=Al£¨OH£©3¡ý+3NaCl£»
·½°¸¢ò»á·¢Éú·´Ó¦£º2Al+2NaOH+2H2O¨T2NaAlO2+3H2¡ü¡¢NaAlO2+HCl+H2=Al£¨OH£©3¡ý+NaCl£»
ÂÁµÄÎïÖʵÄÁ¿=$\frac{2.7g}{27g/mol}$=0.1mol£¬n£¨HCl£©=n£¨NaOH£©=3mol•L-1¡Á0.1L=0.3mol£¬¸ù¾Ý·´Ó¦·½³Ìʽ£¬¿ÉÖª·½°¸IÖÐAlÓëHClÇ¡ºÃ·´Ó¦£¬·½°¸¢òÖÐNaOHÓÐÊ£Ó࣮
A£®·½°¸IÖÐÔٵμÓNaOH£¬Á¢¼´Éú³É³Áµí£¬·½°¸¢òÖÐÔÙ¼ÓÈëHCl£¬ÏÈÖкÍÊ£ÓàµÄNaOH£¬ÔÙ·´Ó¦Éú³ÉÇâÑõ»¯ÂÁ³Áµí£»
B£®¸ù¾Ý·½³Ìʽ¼ÆËã½øÐмÆË㣻
C£®Mµã×îÖÕ¾ùΪNaClÈÜÒº£¬ÈÜÒºÌå»ý²»±ä£¬Éú³ÉNaClÏàµÈ£»
D£®·¢Éú·´Ó¦£ºAl£¨OH£©3+3HCl=AlCl3+3H2O£¬Al£¨OH£©3+NaOH¨TNaAlO2+2H2O£¬ÇâÑõ»¯ÂÁÈܽâÏûºÄÑÎËáÓëÇâÑõ»¯ÄÆÈÜÒºÌå»ý²»ÏàµÈ£®
½â´ð ½â£º·½°¸I»á·¢Éú·´Ó¦£º2Al+6HCl=2AlCl3+3H2¡ü¡¢AlCl3+3NaOH=Al£¨OH£©3¡ý+3NaCl£»
·½°¸¢ò»á·¢Éú·´Ó¦£º2Al+2NaOH+2H2O¨T2NaAlO2+3H2¡ü¡¢NaAlO2+HCl+H2=Al£¨OH£©3¡ý+NaCl£»
ÂÁµÄÎïÖʵÄÁ¿=$\frac{2.7g}{27g/mol}$=0.1mol£¬n£¨HCl£©=n£¨NaOH£©=3mol•L-1¡Á0.1L=0.3mol£¬¸ù¾Ý·´Ó¦·½³Ìʽ£¬¿ÉÖª·½°¸IÖÐAlÓëHClÇ¡ºÃ·´Ó¦£¬·½°¸¢òÖÐNaOHÓÐÊ£Ó࣮
A£®·½°¸IÖÐÔٵμÓNaOH£¬Á¢¼´Éú³É³Áµí£¬·½°¸¢òÖÐÔÙ¼ÓÈëHCl£¬ÏÈÖкÍÊ£ÓàµÄNaOH£¬ÔÙ·´Ó¦Éú³ÉÇâÑõ»¯ÂÁ³Áµí£¬¹ÊËùÒÔaÇúÏß±íʾµÄÊÇÏòXÈÜÒºÖмÓÈëNaOHÈÜÒº£¬¹ÊA´íÎó£»
B£®AlÍêÈ«·´Ó¦£¬¸ù¾Ý·½³Ìʽ¿ÉÖªÉú³ÉÇâÆøµÄÌå»ýÏàµÈ£¬¹ÊB´íÎó£»
C£®Mµã×îÖÕ¾ùΪNaClÈÜÒº£¬ÈÜÒºÌå»ý²»±ä£¬Éú³ÉNaClÏàµÈ£¬¹ÊÔÚMµãʱ£¬Á½·½°¸ÖÐËùµÃÈÜÒºµÄÈÜÖÊÖÊÁ¿·ÖÊýÏàͬ£¬¹ÊCÕýÈ·£»
D£®·¢Éú·´Ó¦£ºAl£¨OH£©3+3HCl=AlCl3+3H2O£¬Al£¨OH£©3+NaOH¨TNaAlO2+2H2O£¬ÇâÑõ»¯ÂÁÈܽâÏûºÄÑÎËáÓëÇâÑõ»¯ÄÆÈÜÒºÌå»ý²»ÏàµÈ£¬MµãÒÔºó£¬a¡¢bÁ½ÌõÇúÏß²»ÄÜÖغÏΪһÌõ£¬¹ÊD´íÎó£¬
¹ÊÑ¡C£®
µãÆÀ ±¾ÌâÒÒÇâÑõ»¯ÂÁÖƱ¸·½°¸ÎªÔØÌ壬¿¼²é»¯Ñ§·½³Ìʽ¼ÆËã¡¢»¯Ñ§·´Ó¦Í¼ÏóÎÊÌâµÈ£¬Ã÷È··¢ÉúµÄ·´Ó¦ÊǽâÌâ¹Ø¼ü£¬ÄѶÈÖеȣ®
ÖÆÈ¡µÄÆøÌå | Ò© Æ· | »¯Ñ§·½³Ìʽ |
O2 | H2O2¡¢MnO2 | 2H2O2$\frac{\underline{\;MnO_2\;}}{\;}$2H2O+O2¡ü |
H2 | ÒÒ´¼¡¢Na | 2CH2CH2OH+2Na=2CH3CH2ONa+H2¡ü |
A£® | ζÈÒ»¶¨Ê±£¬µ±ÈÜÒºÖÐc£¨Ba2+£©¡Ác£¨SO42-£©=1.07¡Á10-10ʱ£¬´ËÈÜҺΪBaSO4µÄ±¥ºÍÈÜÒº | |
B£® | ÒòΪKsp£¨BaCO3£©£¾Ksp£¨BaSO4£©£¬ËùÒÔÎÞ·¨½«BaSO4ת»¯ÎªBaCO3 | |
C£® | 25¡æʱ£¬ÔÚδÈܽâÍêBaCO3µÄ±¥ºÍÈÜÒºÖеÎÈëÉÙÁ¿Na2SO4ÈÜÒººóÓÐBaSO4³ÁµíÎö³ö£¬´ËʱÈÜÒºÖÐc£¨CO32-£©£ºc£¨SO42-£©=24.11 | |
D£® | ÔÚ±¥ºÍBaCO3ÈÜÒºÖмÓÈëÉÙÁ¿Na2CO3¹ÌÌ壬¿Éʹc£¨Ba2+£©¼õС£¬BaCO3µÄÈܶȻý²»±ä |
A£® | Fe2O3³Êºì×ØÉ«£¬¿ÉÓÃ×öºìÉ«ÑÕÁÏ | |
B£® | ŨÁòËáÄܸ¯Ê´½ðÊô£¬²»ÄÜÓÃÈκνðÊôÈÝÆ÷ʢװŨÁòËá | |
C£® | ÂÈÆøÓж¾£¬ÀûÓÃÕâÒ»ÐÔÖʿɽøÐÐ×ÔÀ´Ë®µÄɱ¾úÏû¶¾ | |
D£® | þ¡¢ÂÁ¶¼±È½ÏÈí£¬²»ÄÜÓÃ×ö×°ÊβÄÁÏ |
A£® | ÓöèÐԵ缫µç½âCuCl2ÈÜÒº£¬Òõ¼«Îö³ö16gÍʱ£¬Ïß·ÖÐͨ¹ýµÄµç×ÓÊýΪNA | |
B£® | ±ê×¼×´¿öÏ£¬2.24LÒÒÈ©ÍêȫȼÉÕËùµÃCO2·Ö×ÓÊýԼΪ0.2NA | |
C£® | ±ê×¼×´¿öÏ£¬22.4LÄÊÆøÖк¬ÓÐNA¸öÄÊÔ×Ó | |
D£® | 1mol¼×»ùËùº¬µç×ÓÊýԼΪ8NA |
A£® | ±½·Ö×ÓÖв»´æÔÚ̼̼˫¼ü£¬ËùÒÔ²»ÄÜ·¢Éú¼Ó³É·´Ó¦ | |
B£® | ÒÒ´¼ÄÜ·¢ÉúÑõ»¯·´Ó¦£¬ÒÒËáÔò²»¿ÉÄÜ·¢ÉúÑõ»¯·´Ó¦ | |
C£® | ÒÒËáºÍÒÒ´¼ÖÆÒÒËáÒÒõ¥Óë±½¼×ËáÒÒõ¥Ë®½âÖƱ½¼×ËáºÍÒÒ´¼¶¼ÊôÓÚÈ¡´ú·´Ó¦ | |
D£® | ¼×±½ÓëÂÈÆøÔÚ¹âÕÕÏ·´Ó¦Ö÷ÒªÉú³É2£¬4-¶þÂȼױ½ |
A£® | 1mol${\;}_{8}^{16}$OD- Öк¬ÓеÄÖÊ×ÓÊý¡¢ÖÐ×ÓÊý¾ùΪ9NA | |
B£® | 3.6 gʯīºÍC60µÄ»ìºÏÎïÖУ¬º¬ÓеÄ̼Ô×ÓÊýΪ0.3NA | |
C£® | ·´Ó¦3H2£¨g£©+N2£¨g£©?2NH3£¨g£©¡÷H=-92kJ/mol·Å³öÈÈÁ¿9.2kJʱ£¬×ªÒƵç×Ó0.6NA | |
D£® | ±ê×¼×´¿öÏ£¬4.48LÎìÍ麬ÓеķÖ×ÓÊýΪ0.2NA |
A£® | ÓÃÁòËáÇåÏ´¹ø¯ÖеÄË®¹¸ | |
B£® | ÈÜÒºÊǵçÖÐÐԵģ¬½ºÌåÊÇ´øµçµÄ | |
C£® | ÀûÓö¡´ï¶ûЧӦ¿ÉÒÔÇø±ðÈÜÒºÓ뽺Ìå | |
D£® | Éռ±ù´×Ëá¡¢ËÄÂÈ»¯Ì¼¾ùΪµç½âÖÊ |