ÌâÄ¿ÄÚÈÝ
15£®ÇâÄܵĴ洢ÊÇÇâÄÜÓ¦ÓõÄÖ÷Ҫƿ¾±£¬ÅäλÇ⻯Îï¡¢¸»ÇâÔØÌ廯ºÏÎïÊÇÄ¿Ç°Ëù²ÉÓõÄÖ÷Òª´¢Çâ²ÄÁÏ£®£¨1£©Ti£¨BH4£©2ÊÇÒ»ÖÖ¹ý¶ÉÔªËØÅðÇ⻯Îï´¢Çâ²ÄÁÏ£®ÔÚ»ù̬Ti2+ÖУ¬µç×ÓÕ¼¾ÝµÄÔ×Ó¹ìµÀÊýΪ9¸ö£¬×î¸ßÄܼ¶·ûºÅΪM
£¨2£©Òº°±ÊǸ»ÇâÎïÖÊ£¬ÊÇÇâÄܵÄÀíÏëÔØÌ壬ÀûÓÃN2+3H2?2NH3£¬ÊµÏÖ´¢ÇâºÍÊäÇ⣮ÏÂÁÐ˵·¨ÕýÈ·µÄÊÇc£®
a£®NH3·Ö×ÓÖеªÔ×ӵĹìµÀÔÓ»¯·½Ê½Îªsp2ÔÓ»¯
b£®NH4+ÓëPH4+¡¢CH4¡¢BH4-¡¢ClO4-»¥ÎªµÈµç×ÓÌå
c£®NH3±ÈPH3¸üÎȶ¨£®
·ÖÎö £¨1£©Ð´³öTi2+ºËÍâµç×ÓÅŲ¼Ê½£¬ÅжϸÃÄܲãϵÄÔ×Ó¹ìµÀÊýºÍÆä×î¸ßÄܲ㣻
£¨2£©a£®¸ù¾Ý¼Û²ãµç×Ó¶Ô»¥³âÀíÂÛÈ·¶¨ÔÓ»¯·½Ê½£»
b£®µÈµç×ÓÌåΪÔ×ÓÊýÏàµÈºÍ¼Ûµç×ÓÊýÏàµÈµÄÔ×ÓÍÅ£»
c£®µªµÄÔ×Ӱ뾶±ÈÁ×µÄÔ×Ӱ뾶С£¬N-H¼üÄܸü´ó£¬·Ö×Ó¸üÎȶ¨£»
½â´ð ½â£º£¨1£©îÑÊÇ22ºÅÔªËØ£¬Ti2+ºËÍâÓÐ20¸öµç×Ó£¬¸ù¾Ý¹¹ÔìÔÀíÖªÆä»ù̬ºËÍâµç×ÓÅŲ¼Ê½Îª£º1s22s22p63s23p63d2£¬»ù̬Ti2+¼Ûµç×ÓÅŲ¼Ê½Îª£º3d2£¬¸ÃÄܲãϺ¬ÓÐ1¸ö3s¹ìµÀ¡¢3¸ö3p¹ìµÀºÍ5¸ö3d¹ìµÀ£¬¹²ÓÐ9¸öÔ×Ó¹ìµÀ£¬×î¸ßÄܲãΪM²ã£¬
¹Ê´ð°¸Îª£º9£»M£»
£¨2£©a£®NH3·Ö×ÓÖÐNÔ×Óº¬ÓÐ3¸ö¹²Óõç×Ó¶ÔºÍÒ»¸ö¹Âµç×Ó¶Ô£¬ËùÒÔÆä¼Û²ãµç×Ó¶ÔÊÇ4£¬²ÉÓÃsp3ÔÓ»¯£¬¹Êa´íÎó£»
b£®µÈµç×ÓÌåΪÔ×ÓÊýÏàµÈºÍ¼Ûµç×ÓÊýÏàµÈµÄÔ×ÓÍÅ£¬NH4+ÓëPH4+¡¢CH4¡¢BH-4¾ùº¬ÓÐ5¸öÔ×ÓÍÅ£¬ÇÒ¼Ûµç×Ó¾ùΪ8£¬ÎªµÈµç×ÓÌ壬¶øClO-4¼Ûµç×ÓÊýΪ32£¬²»ÊôÓڵȵç×ÓÌ壬¹Êb´íÎó£»
c£®µªµÄÔ×Ӱ뾶±ÈÁ×µÄÔ×Ӱ뾶С£¬N-H¼ü³¤±ÈP-H¼ü³¤¶Ì£¬¼üÄܸü´ó£¬·Ö×Ó¸üÎȶ¨£¬ËùÒÔNH3ÈÈÎȶ¨ÐÔ¸üÇ¿£¬¹ÊcÕýÈ·£»
¹ÊÑ¡c£®
µãÆÀ ±¾Ì⿼²éÎïÖʽṹºÍÐÔÖÊ£¬Éæ¼°ºËÍâµç×ÓÅŲ¼¡¢ÔÓ»¯·½Ê½µÄÅжϡ¢µÈµç×ÓÌåµÈ֪ʶµã£¬×¢ÒâµÈµç×ÓÌåΪÔ×ÓÊýÏàµÈºÍ¼Ûµç×ÓÊýÏàµÈµÄÔ×ÓÍÅ£¬ÌâÄ¿ÄѶȲ»´ó£®
A£® | 25¡æʱ£¬ÈôÈÜÒºµÄpH=11£¬ÔòKb£¨NH3•H2O£©=1¡Á10-6 | |
B£® | ÏòÈÜÒºÖмÓÈëÉÙÁ¿CH3COONa¹ÌÌ壬ÈÜÒºÖÐ$\frac{c£¨N{H}_{3}£®{H}_{2}O£©}{c£¨N{H}_{4}^{+}£©}$µÄÖµ±äС | |
C£® | ÏòÈÜÒºÖмÓÈë10 mL 0.1 mol•L-1ÑÎËᣬËùµÃÈÜÒºÖÐÀë×ÓŨ¶È´óС˳ÐòΪ£ºc£¨NH4+£©£¾£¨Cl-£©£¾c£¨H+£©£¾c£¨OH-£© | |
D£® | ÏòÈÜÒºÖмÓÈë5 mL 0.1 mol•L-1ÑÎËᣬËùµÃÈÜÒºÖÐÀë×ÓµÄŨ¶ÈÒ»¶¨·ûºÏ£ºc£¨NH4+£©+c£¨H+£©=c£¨Cl-£©+c£¨OH-£© |
A£® | ¸ù¾ÝÒ»´ÎÄÜÔ´Óë¶þ´ÎÄÜÔ´µÄ»®·Ö£¬ÇâÆøΪ¶þ´ÎÄÜÔ´ | |
B£® | ¿ÕÆø¡¢Ë®¡¢Ãº¡¢ÌìÈ»Æø¾ùΪ¿ÉÔÙÉú×ÊÔ´ | |
C£® | þÌõȼÉÕʱ½«²¿·Ö»¯Ñ§ÄÜת»¯Îª¹âÄÜ | |
D£® | ÔÚ»ðÁ¦·¢µçʱ£¬»¯Ñ§ÄÜת»¯ÎªÈÈÄܵĹý³Ìʵ¼ÊÉÏÊÇÑõ»¯»¹Ô·´Ó¦·¢ÉúµÄ¹ý³Ì£¬°éËæ×ÅÄÜÁ¿µÄ±ä»¯ |
¢ÙͬÖÜÆÚÔªËØÖУ¬¢÷A×åÔªËصÄÔ×Ӱ뾶×î´ó
¢Ú¢öA×åÔªËصÄÔ×Ó£¬Æä°ë¾¶Ô½´ó£¬Ô½ÈÝÒ׵õ½µç×Ó
¢ÛͬһÖÜÆÚÖУ¬¼î½ðÊôÔªËصĵÚÒ»µçÀëÄÜ×îС
¢Üµ±¸÷¹ìµÀ´¦ÓÚÈ«Âú¡¢°ëÂú¡¢È«¿ÕʱÔ×Ó½ÏÎȶ¨£®
A£® | ¢Ù¢Ú | B£® | ¢Ú¢Ü | C£® | ¢Ù¢Û | D£® | ¢Û¢Ü |
A£® | SO42-µÄ¿Õ¼ä¹¹ÐÍÊÇÕýËÄÃæÌåÐÎ | |
B£® | CS2·Ö×ÓÖи÷Ô×Ó¾ù´ï8µç×ÓÎȶ¨½á¹¹ | |
C£® | CH3-CH=CH2·Ö×ÓÖÐ̼Ô×ÓµÄÔÓ»¯ÀàÐÍÓÐsp2ºÍsp3Á½ÖÖ | |
D£® | H2O2·Ö×ÓÊÇÖ»º¬¼«ÐÔ¼üµÄ·Ç¼«ÐÔ·Ö×Ó |
A£® | ŨÏõËá | B£® | ŨÁòËá | C£® | ŨÑÎËá | D£® | ŨÁ×Ëá |
A£® | Ôö¼ÓCµÄÓÃÁ¿ | B£® | Ôö´ó·´Ó¦ÌåϵµÄѹǿʹÌå»ý¸Ä±ä | ||
C£® | Éý¸ßÌåϵµÄ·´Ó¦ÎÂ¶È | D£® | ½«ÈÝÆ÷µÄÌå»ýËõСһ°ë |
A£® | ÂÈÆøÓëË®·´Ó¦£ºCl2+H2O=2H++Cl-+ClO- | |
B£® | ̼ËáÇâ¸ÆÈÜÒº¼Óµ½ÑÎËáÖУºCa£¨HCO3£©2+2HCl=Ca2++2CO2¡ü+2H2O | |
C£® | ÉÙÁ¿½ðÊôÄƼӵ½ÀäË®ÖУºNa+2H2O=Na++OH-+H2¡ü | |
D£® | ÇâÑõ»¯Í¼Óµ½ÑÎËáÖУºCu£¨OH£©2+2H+=Cu2++2H2O |