ÌâÄ¿ÄÚÈÝ

18£®×¼¾§ÌåÒà³ÆΪ׼¾§»òÄ⾧£¬ÊÇÒ»ÖÖ½éÓÚ¾§ÌåºÍ·Ç¾§ÌåÖ®¼äµÄ¹ÌÌå½á¹¹£®
£¨1£©ÓÐÒ»ÖÖÓÉÂÁ¡¢Í­¡¢ÌúÈýÖÖÔªËع¹³ÉµÄÌìÈ»×¼¾§Ì廯ºÏÎ·ÖÎö¸Ã×¼¾§Ìå×é³ÉµÄÒ»ÖÖ¼òµ¥·½·¨ÊÇÏȽ«¸Ã×¼¾§Ìå½øÐзÛË飬Ȼºó°´Èç³ÌÐò½øÐÐʵÑ飺
µÚ1²½£º³ÆÈ¡38.99g ×¼¾§Ì壬ÈÃÆäÓë×ãÁ¿µÄNaOHÈÜÒº³ä·Ö·´Ó¦£¬ÔÚ±ê×¼×´¿öÏ£¬ÊÕ¼¯µÃµ½21.84L ÇâÆø£®
µÚ2²½£º½«1²½·´Ó¦ºóµÄ×ÇÒº¹ýÂ˳ö¹ÌÌ壬ÓÃÕôÁóˮϴµÓ£¬ÖðµÎµÎÈë6mol/LÑÎËᣬµ±¼ÓÈëµÄÑÎËáµÄÌå»ýΪ40mLʱ£¬¹ÌÌå²»ÔÙÈܽ⣮
¢ÙÂÁ¡¢ÌúµÄµÚÒ»µçÀëÄܵĴóС¹ØϵΪFe£¾Al£¨ÓÃÔªËØ·ûºÅ±íʾ£©£®
¢Ú¸ù¾ÝÒÔÉÏʵÑé¿ÉÈ·¶¨¸Ã×¼¾§ÌåµÄ»¯Ñ§Ê½ÎªAl65Cu23Fe12£®
£¨2£©ÃÌÓëÒ»ÖÖ¶ÌÖÜÆÚÔªËØAÐγɵÄÄý¹Ì̬ÊÇÒ»ÖÖ×¼¾§£¬ÒÑÖªA×îÍâ²ã×ÓÊýµÈÓÚÆäµç×Ó²ãÊý£¬ÇÒÆäÖк¬ÓгɶԺͲ»³É¶Ôµç×Ó£®
¢ÙÃÌÔ­×ÓÔÚ»ù̬ʱµÄºËÍâµç×ÓÅŲ¼Ê½Îª[Ar]3d64s2£®
¢ÚÃÌÓëAÔÚ×¼¾§ÌåÖеĽáºÏÁ¦Îª½ðÊô¼ü£®£¨Àë×Ó¼ü¡¢¹²¼Û¼ü¡¢½ðÊô¼ü¡¢·Ö×Ó¼ä×÷ÓÃÁ¦£©
¢ÛÃÌÓëAÐγɵÄ×¼¾§½á¹¹ÈçͼËùʾ£¬Ôò¸Ã×¼¾§ÌåµÄ»¯Ñ§Ê½ÎªMnAl12£®
¢Ü¹ý¶É½ðÊôÅäºÏÎïMn2£¨CO£©nµÄÖÐÐÄÔ­×Ó¼Ûµç×ÓÊýÓëÅäÌåÌṩµç×Ó×ÜÊýÖ®ºÍΪ34£¬Ôòn=10£®

·ÖÎö £¨1£©¢Ù½ðÊôÐÔԽǿ£¬½ðÊôÔ½Ò×ʧµç×Ó£¬µÚÒ»µçÀëÄÜԽС£»
¢ÚÓë×ãÁ¿µÄNaOHÈÜÒº³ä·Ö·´Ó¦£¬Ö»ÓÐAlÓëÇâÑõ»¯ÄÆÈÜÒº·´Ó¦£¬¸ù¾ÝÇâÆøÇó³öAlµÄÎïÖʵÄÁ¿ºÍÖÊÁ¿£¬Ê£Óà¹ÌÌå¼ÓÑÎËᣬÆäÖеÄFeÓëÑÎËá·´Ó¦£¬¸ù¾ÝÑÎËáµÄÎïÖʵÄÁ¿Çó³öFeµÄÎïÖʵÄÁ¿ºÍÖÊÁ¿£¬ÓÉ×ÜÖÊÁ¿Çó³öCuµÄÖÊÁ¿£¬ÀûÓÃÎïÖʵÄÁ¿Ö®±ÈµÈÓÚÔ­×Ó¸öÊý±È¼ÆË㣻
£¨2£©ÒÑÖªA×îÍâ²ã×ÓÊýµÈÓÚÆäµç×Ó²ãÊý£¬ÇÒÆäÖк¬ÓгɶԺͲ»³É¶Ôµç×Ó£¬Èôº¬ÓÐ2¸öµç×Ӳ㣬ÔòΪBe£¬BeûÓÐδ³É¶Ôµç×Ó£¬²»·ûºÏ£¬Èôº¬ÓÐÈý¸öµç×Ӳ㣬ÔòΪAlÔªËØ£¬Alº¬ÓгɶԺͲ»³É¶Ôµç×Ó£¬·ûºÏ£¬ËùÒÔAΪAlÔªËØ£»
¢ÙMnΪ25ºÅÔªËØ£¬ºËÍâÓÐ25¸öµç×Ó£¬¸ù¾Ý¹¹ÔìÔ­ÀíÊéд£»
¢ÚMnÓëAlÐγɵĺϽðÖдæÔÚ½ðÊô¼ü£»
¢Û¸ù¾Ý×¼¾§ÌåÖÐMnÔ­×ÓÓëAlÔ­×Ó¸öÊýÅжϣ»
¢ÜÀûÓÃMnµÄ¼Ûµç×ÓÊýºÍCOÌṩµç×Ó¶ÔÊý¼ÆËãµÃ³ö£¬ÖÐÐÄÔ­×ÓÊÇÃÌÔ­×Ó£¬Æä¼Ûµç×ÓÊýÊÇ7£¬Ã¿¸öÅäÌåÌṩµÄµç×ÓÊýÊÇ2£®

½â´ð ½â£º£¨1£©¢Ù½ðÊôÐÔԽǿ£¬½ðÊôÔ½Ò×ʧµç×Ó£¬µÚÒ»µçÀëÄÜԽС£¬½ðÊôÐÔAl£¾Fe£¬ÔòµÚÒ»µçÀëÄÜ£ºFe£¾Al£»
¹Ê´ð°¸Îª£ºFe£¾Al£»
¢ÚÓë×ãÁ¿µÄNaOHÈÜÒº³ä·Ö·´Ó¦£¬Ö»ÓÐAlÓëÇâÑõ»¯ÄÆÈÜÒº·´Ó¦£¬ÒÑÖªÉú³É21.84L ÇâÆø£¬Ôòn£¨H2£©=$\frac{21.84L}{22.4L/mol}$=0.975mol£¬Ôòn£¨Al£©=$\frac{2}{3}$n£¨H2£©=0.65mol£¬
Ê£Óà¹ÌÌå¼ÓÑÎËᣬÆäÖеÄFeÓëÑÎËá·´Ó¦£¬ÑÎËáµÄÎïÖʵÄÁ¿Îªn£¨HCl£©=6mol/L¡Á0.04L=0.24mol£¬Ôòn£¨Fe£©=0.12mol£¬
m£¨Cu£©=38.99-0.65¡Á27-0.12¡Á56=14.72g£¬Ôòn£¨Cu£©=$\frac{14.72g}{64g/mol}$=0.23mol£¬
»¯Ñ§Ê½ÖÐÔ­×Ó¸öÊý±È£ºN£¨Al£©£ºN£¨Cu£©£ºN£¨Fe£©=0.65mol£º0.23mol£º0.12mol=65£º23£º12£¬Ôò¸ÃÎïÖʵĻ¯Ñ§Ê½ÎªAl65Cu23Fe12£»
¹Ê´ð°¸Îª£ºAl65Cu23Fe12£»
£¨2£©ÒÑÖªA×îÍâ²ã×ÓÊýµÈÓÚÆäµç×Ó²ãÊý£¬ÇÒÆäÖк¬ÓгɶԺͲ»³É¶Ôµç×Ó£¬Èôº¬ÓÐ2¸öµç×Ӳ㣬ÔòΪBe£¬BeûÓÐδ³É¶Ôµç×Ó£¬²»·ûºÏ£¬Èôº¬ÓÐÈý¸öµç×Ӳ㣬ÔòΪAlÔªËØ£¬Alº¬ÓгɶԺͲ»³É¶Ôµç×Ó£¬·ûºÏ£¬ËùÒÔAΪAlÔªËØ£»
¢ÙMnΪ25ºÅÔªËØ£¬ºËÍâÓÐ25¸öµç×Ó£¬¸ù¾Ý¹¹ÔìÔ­ÀíÊéдµç×ÓÅŲ¼Ê½Îª£º[Ar]3d64s2£»
¹Ê´ð°¸Îª£º[Ar]3d64s2£»
¢ÚMnÓëAlÐγɵĺϽðÖнðÊôÔ­×ÓÖ®¼äͨ¹ý½ðÊô¼ü½áºÏ£»
¹Ê´ð°¸Îª£º½ðÊô¼ü£»
¢ÛÓÉͼ¿É֪׼¾§ÌåÖк¬ÓÐÒ»¸öMnÔ­×ÓºÍ12¸öAlÔ­×Ó¸öÊý£¬Ôò¸Ã×¼¾§ÌåµÄ»¯Ñ§Ê½ÎªMnAl12£»
¹Ê´ð°¸Îª£ºMnAl12£»
¢ÜÖÐÐÄÔ­×ÓÊÇÃÌÔ­×Ó£¬Æä¼Ûµç×ÓÊýÊÇ7£¬Ã¿¸öÅäÌåÌṩµÄµç×ÓÊýÊÇ2£¬Ôò7¡Á2+2n=34£¬µÃn=10£»
¹Ê´ð°¸Îª£º10£®

µãÆÀ ±¾Ì⿼²éÁËÎïÖÊ»¯Ñ§Ê½µÄÈ·¶¨¡¢µÚÒ»µçÀëÄÜ¡¢µç×ÓÅŲ¼Ê½¡¢Åäλ¼üµÈ£¬ÌâÄ¿Éæ¼°µÄ֪ʶµã½Ï¶à£¬ÌâÄ¿ÄѶÈÖеȣ¬²àÖØÓÚ¿¼²éѧÉú¶Ô»ù´¡ÖªÊ¶µÄ×ÛºÏÓ¦ÓÃÄÜÁ¦£®

Á·Ï°²áϵÁдð°¸
Ïà¹ØÌâÄ¿
10£®ÌìÈ»ÆøµÄÖ÷Òª³É·ÖÊǼ×Í飬º¬ÓÐÉÙÁ¿µÄôÊ»ùÁò£¨COS£©¡¢ÒÒÁò´¼£¨C2H5SH£©µÈÆøÌ壮
£¨1£©×é³ÉôÊ»ùÁòµÄÔªËØÖУ¬Ô­×Ӱ뾶×îСµÄÔªËØÔÚÖÜÆÚ±íÖеÄλÖÃÊǵڶþÖÜÆÚµÚVIA×壮
£¨2£©ÒÒÁò´¼ÓÐÌØÊâÆø棬ÊÇÌìÈ»ÆøµÄ³ôζָʾ¼Á£®ÒÒÁò´¼¿ÉÒÔ¿´×÷ÊÇÒÒ´¼·Ö×ÓÖÐôÇ»ù£¨-OH£©±»-SHÈ¡´ú£¬ÔòÒÒÁò´¼µÄ½á¹¹Ê½Îª£®
£¨3£©ÏÂÁÐÊÂʵ¿ÉÓÃÓڱȽÏCÓëSÁ½ÖÖÔªËطǽðÊôÐÔ£¨Ô­×ӵõç×ÓÄÜÁ¦£©Ïà¶ÔÇ¿ÈõµÄÊÇd£¨ÌîÐòºÅ£©£®
a£®·Ðµã£ºH2S£¾CH4    b£®ÔªËØÔÚÖÜÆÚ±íÖеÄλÖà    c£®ËáÐÔ£ºH2SO3£¾H2CO3    d£®Í¬ÎÂͬŨ¶ÈË®ÈÜÒºµÄpH£ºNa2CO3£¾Na2SO4
£¨4£©ôÊ»ùÁòË®½â¼°ÀûÓõĹý³ÌÈçÏ£¨²¿·Ö²úÎïÒÑÂÔÈ¥£©£ºCOS$¡ú_{¢ñ}^{H_{2}O}$H2S$¡ú_{¢ò}^{NaOHÈÜÒº}$Na2SÈÜÒº$¡ú_{¢ó}^{¡÷}$XÈÜÒº+H2
¢Ù³£ÎÂÏ£¬ÔÚ·´Ó¦¢òÖУ¬Ã¿ÎüÊÕlgH2SÆøÌå·Å³öÈÈÁ¿a kJ£¬ÆäÈÈ»¯Ñ§·½³ÌʽΪH2S£¨g£©+2NaOH£¨aq£©=Na2S£¨aq£©+2H2O£¨l£©¡÷H=-34akJ/mol£®
¢ÚÒÑÖªXÈÜÒºÖÐÁòÔªËصÄÖ÷Òª´æÔÚÐÎʽΪS2O32-£¬Ôò·´Ó¦¢óÖÐÉú³É¸ÃÀë×ÓµÄÀë×Ó·½³ÌʽΪ2S2-+5H2O=S2O32-+4H2¡ü+2OH-£®
¢ÛÈçͼÊÇ·´Ó¦¢óÖУ¬ÔÚ²»Í¬·´Ó¦Î¶ÈÏ£¬·´Ó¦Ê±¼äÓëH2²úÁ¿µÄ¹Øϵͼ£¨Na2S³õʼº¬Á¿Îª3mmo1£©£®Çë½áºÏͼÏóÊý¾Ý½âÊÍXÈÜÒºÖгýS2O32-Í⣬»¹ÓÐSO32-¡¢SO42-µÄÔ­Òò£®´ð£º´ÓͼÐοÉÖª£¬$\frac{n£¨{H}_{2}£©}{n£¨N{a}_{2}S£©}$£¾2£¬¹Ê²¿·ÖÁòÔªËصĻ¯ºÏ¼Û½«¸ßÓÚ+2¼Û£®

Î¥·¨ºÍ²»Á¼ÐÅÏ¢¾Ù±¨µç»°£º027-86699610 ¾Ù±¨ÓÊÏ䣺58377363@163.com

¾«Ó¢¼Ò½ÌÍø