ÌâÄ¿ÄÚÈÝ
¡¾ÌâÄ¿¡¿ÒÔº¬1¸ö̼Ô×ÓµÄÎïÖÊ(ÈçCO¡¢CO2¡¢CH4¡¢CH3OHµÈ)ΪÔÁϵÄ̼һ»¯Ñ§´¦ÓÚδÀ´»¯Ñ§²úÒµµÄºËÐÄ£¬³ÉΪ¿Æѧ¼ÒÑо¿µÄÖØÒª¿ÎÌâ¡£
(1))ÒÑÖªCO¡¢H2¡¢CH3OH(g)µÄȼÉÕÈÈ·Ö±ðΪ-283.0 kJ¡¤mol£1¡¢-285.8 kJ¡¤mol£1¡¢-764.5 kJ¡¤mol£1¡£Ôò·´Ó¦¢ñ£ºCO(g)£«2H2(g)CH3OH(g)¡¡¦¤H£½_____£»¡£
(2)ÔÚT1ʱ£¬ÏòÌå»ýΪ2 LµÄºãÈÝÈÝÆ÷ÖгäÈëÎïÖʵÄÁ¿Ö®ºÍΪ3 molµÄCOºÍH2£¬·¢Éú·´Ó¦CO(g)£«2H2(g)CH3OH(g)£¬·´Ó¦´ïµ½Æ½ºâʱCH3OH(g)µÄÌå»ý·ÖÊý(¦Õ)Óën(H2)/n(CO)µÄ¹ØϵÈçͼËùʾ¡£
¢Ùµ±Æðʼn(H2)/n(CO)£½2ʱ£¬¾¹ý5 min´ïµ½Æ½ºâ£¬COµÄת»¯ÂÊΪ0.6£¬Ôò0¡«5 minÄÚƽ¾ù·´Ó¦ËÙÂÊv(H2)£½______¡£Èô´Ë¿ÌÔÙÏòÈÝÆ÷ÖмÓÈëCO(g)ºÍCH3OH(g)¸÷0.4 mol£¬´ïµ½ÐÂƽºâʱH2µÄת»¯Âʽ«____(Ìî¡°Ôö´ó¡±¡°¼õС¡±»ò¡°²»±ä¡±)¡£
¢Úµ±n(H2)/n(CO)£½3.5ʱ£¬´ïµ½Æ½ºâºó£¬CH3OHµÄÌå»ý·ÖÊý¿ÉÄÜÊÇͼÏñÖеÄ________(Ìî¡°D¡±¡°E¡±»ò¡°F¡±)µã¡£
(3)ÔÚÒ»ÈÝ»ý¿É±äµÄÃܱÕÈÝÆ÷ÖгäÓÐ10 mol COºÍ20 mol H2¡£COµÄƽºâת»¯ÂÊ(¦Á)ÓëζÈ(T)¡¢Ñ¹Ç¿(p)µÄ¹ØϵÈçͼËùʾ¡£
¢ÙA¡¢B¡¢CÈýµãµÄƽºâ³£ÊýKA¡¢KB¡¢KCµÄ´óС¹ØϵΪ________¡£
¢ÚÈô´ïµ½Æ½ºâ״̬Aʱ£¬ÈÝÆ÷µÄÌå»ýΪ10 L£¬ÔòÔÚƽºâ״̬BʱÈÝÆ÷µÄÌå»ýΪ_____L¡£
(4)ÒÔ¼×´¼ÎªÖ÷ÒªÔÁÏ£¬µç»¯Ñ§ºÏ³É̼Ëá¶þ¼×õ¥µÄ¹¤×÷ÔÀíÈçͼËùʾ¡£ÔòµçÔ´µÄ¸º¼«Îª__(Ìî¡°A¡±»ò¡°B¡±)£¬Ð´³öÑô¼«µÄµç¼«·´Ó¦Ê½____¡£
¡¾´ð°¸¡¿£90.1 kJ¡¤mol£1 0.12 mol¡¤L£1¡¤min£1 Ôö´ó F KA£½KB>KC 2 B 2CH3OH£«CO£2e£===(CH3O)2CO£«2H£«
¡¾½âÎö¡¿
(1)¸ù¾ÝCO ¡¢H2ºÍCH3OHµÄȼÉÕÈÈÏÈÊéдÈÈ·½³Ìʽ£¬ÔÙÀûÓøÇ˹¶¨ÂɼÆËãCO(g)£«2H2(g)CH3OH(g)¡¡µÄ¦¤H£»
(2) ¢Ù¸ù¾Ý ¼ÆËãËÙÂÊ£»¸ù¾ÝQºÍKµÄ¹ØϵÅжϷ´Ó¦·½Ïò£»¢Ú¸ù¾ÝºãÈÝÈÝÆ÷ÖУ¬Í¶ÁϱȵÈÓÚϵÊý±È£¬´ïµ½Æ½ºâ״̬ʱ²úÎïµÄ°Ù·Öº¬Á¿×î´ó£»
(3) ¢ÙÏàͬζÈÏÂƽºâ³£ÊýÏàµÈ£»¸ù¾ÝͼÏñ£¬COµÄƽºâת»¯ÂÊ(¦Á)ËæζÈÉý¸ß¶ø¼õС£¬¿ÉÖªÉý¸ßζÈƽºâÄæÏòÒƶ¯£»
¢Ú¸ù¾ÝA¡¢BÁ½µãµÄƽºâ³£ÊýÏàµÈ¼ÆËãÔÚƽºâ״̬BʱÈÝÆ÷µÄÌå»ý£»
£¨4£©ÓɽṹʾÒâͼ¿ÉÖª£¬µç½â³Ø×ó²à·¢ÉúÑõ»¯·´Ó¦¡¢ÓҲ෢Éú»¹Ô·´Ó¦£¬Ôòµç½â³Ø×ó²àΪÑô¼«£¬ÓÒ²àΪÒõ¼«¡£
£¨1£©ÓÉCO£¨g£©¡¢H2£¨g£©ºÍCH3OH£¨g£©µÄȼÉÕÈÈ¡÷H·Ö±ðΪ-283.0 kJ¡¤mol£1¡¢-285.8 kJ¡¤mol£1ºÍ-764.5 kJ¡¤mol£1£¬Ôò
¢ÙCO£¨g£©+ O2£¨g£©=CO2£¨g£©¡÷H=-283.0 kJ¡¤mol£1
¢ÚCH3OH£¨g£©+O2£¨g£©=CO2£¨g£©+2 H2O£¨l£©¡÷H=-764.5 kJ¡¤mol£1
¢ÛH2£¨g£©+O2£¨g£©=H2O£¨l£©¡÷H=-285.8 kJ¡¤mol£1
ÓɸÇ˹¶¨ÂÉ¿ÉÖªÓâÙ+¢Û¡Á2-¢ÚµÃ·´Ó¦CO£¨g£©+2H2£¨g£©=CH3OH£¨l£©£¬
¸Ã·´Ó¦µÄ·´Ó¦ÈÈ¡÷H=-283.0 kJ¡¤mol£1+£¨-285.8 kJ¡¤mol£1£©¡Á2-£¨-764.5 kJ¡¤mol£1£©=£90.1 kJ¡¤mol£1£»
(2) ¢Ùµ±Æðʼn(H2)/n(CO)£½2ʱ£¬ÔòÆðʼn(H2) £½2mol£¬n(CO)£½1mol£¬¾¹ý5 min´ïµ½Æ½ºâ£¬COµÄת»¯ÂÊΪ0.6£¬
CO(g)£«2H2(g)CH3OH(g)
Æðʼ 0.5 1 0
ת»¯ 0.3 0.6 0.3
ƽºâ 0.2 0.4 0.3
0.12 mol¡¤L£1¡¤min£1
K9.375
Èô´Ë¿ÌÔÙÏòÈÝÆ÷ÖмÓÈëCO(g)ºÍCH3OH(g)¸÷0.4 mol£¬Ôò7.8125£¼K£¬ËùÒÔ·´Ó¦ÕýÏò½øÐУ¬´ïµ½ÐÂƽºâʱH2µÄת»¯Âʽ«Ôö´ó£»
¢Ú¸ù¾ÝºãÈÝÈÝÆ÷ÖУ¬Í¶ÁϱȵÈÓÚϵÊý±È£¬´ïµ½Æ½ºâ״̬ʱ²úÎïµÄ°Ù·Öº¬Á¿×î´ó£¬ËùÒÔµ±n(H2)/n(CO)£½3.5ʱ£¬´ïµ½Æ½ºâºó£¬CH3OHµÄÌå»ý·ÖÊý¿ÉÄÜÊÇͼÏñÖеÄFµã£»
(3) ¢ÙÏàͬζÈÏÂƽºâ³£ÊýÏàµÈ£¬ËùÒÔKA=KB£»¸ù¾ÝͼÏñ£¬COµÄƽºâת»¯ÂÊ(¦Á)ËæζÈÉý¸ß¶ø¼õС£¬¿ÉÖªÉý¸ßζÈƽºâÄæÏòÒƶ¯£¬Æ½ºâ³£Êý¼õС£¬ËùÒÔKB£¾KC£¬¹ÊKA£½KB>KC£»
¢ÚA¡¢BÁ½µãµÄƽºâ³£ÊýÏàµÈ£¬ÉèBµãÈÝÆ÷µÄÌå»ýΪVL
CO(g)£«2H2(g)CH3OH(g)
Æðʼ 10 20 0
ת»¯ 5 10 5
ƽºâ 5 10 5
£»
CO(g)£«2H2(g)CH3OH(g)
Æðʼ 10 20 0
ת»¯ 8 16 8
ƽºâ 2 4 8
£»V=2L£»
£¨4£©ÓɽṹʾÒâͼ¿ÉÖª£¬µç½â³Ø×ó²à·¢ÉúÑõ»¯·´Ó¦¡¢ÓҲ෢Éú»¹Ô·´Ó¦£¬Ôòµç½â³Ø×ó²àΪÑô¼«£¬Á¬½ÓµçÔ´µÄÕý¼«£¬ÓÒ²àΪÒõ¼«£¬Á¬½ÓµçÔ´µÄ¸º¼«£¬BΪµçÔ´µÄ¸º¼«£¬Ñô¼«ÊǼ״¼¡¢COʧȥµç×ÓÉú³É£¨CH3O£©2COºÍÇâÀë×Ó£¬µç¼«·´Ó¦Ê½Îª£º2CH3OH+CO-2e-=£¨CH3O£©2CO+2H+¡£
¡¾ÌâÄ¿¡¿¹âÆø£¨COCl2£©ÔÚËÜÁÏ¡¢ÖÆÒ©µÈ¹¤ÒµÉú²úÖÐÓÐÐí¶àÓÃ;£¬Æ仯ѧÐÔÖʲ»Îȶ¨£¬ÓöˮѸËÙ²úÉúÁ½ÖÖËáÐÔÆøÌå¡£»Ø´ðÏÂÁÐÎÊÌ⣺
£¨1£©ÉÙÁ¿COCl2¿ÉÓÃÉÕ¼îÈÜÒºÎüÊÕ£¬·¢Éú·´Ó¦µÄÀë×Ó·½³ÌʽΪ________¡£
£¨2£©¹¤ÒµÉÏÓÃCOºÍCl2ÔÚ¸ßΡ¢»îÐÔÌ¿´ß»¯×÷ÓÃϺϳɹâÆø£ºCl2(g)£«CO(g)COCl2(g) H£½-108 kJ¡¤mol-1¡£ËùÐèCOÀ´×ÔCH4ÓëCO2µÄ´ß»¯ÖØÕû·´Ó¦¡£²éÔÄÎÄÏ×»ñµÃÒÔÏÂÊý¾Ý£º
CH4(g)£«2O2(g)==CO2(g)£«2H2O(l) H1£½-890.3 kJ¡¤mol-1
2H2(g)£«O2 (g)==2H2O(l) H2£½-571.6 kJ¡¤mol-1
2CO(g)£«O2 (g)==2CO2(g) H3£½-566 kJ¡¤mol-1
ÔòCH4ÓëCO2´ß»¯ÖØÕû·´Ó¦Éú³ÉCOºÍH2µÄÈÈ»¯Ñ§·½³ÌʽΪ_____¡£
£¨3£©ÔÚT ¡æʱ£¬ÏòÊ¢ÓлîÐÔÌ¿µÄ5 LºãÈÝÃܱÕÈÝÆ÷ÖмÓÈë0.6 mol COºÍ0.45 mol Cl2£¬COºÍCOCl2µÄŨ¶ÈÔÚ²»Í¬Ê±¿ÌµÄ±ä»¯×´¿öÈçͼËùʾ£º
¢Ù·´Ó¦ÔÚµÚ6 minʱµÄƽºâ³£ÊýΪ___£¬µÚ8 minʱ¸Ä±äµÄÌõ¼þÊÇ____¡£
¢ÚÔÚµÚ12 minʱÉý¸ßζȣ¬ÖØдﵽƽºâʱ£¬COCl2µÄÌå»ý·ÖÊý½«___£¨Ìî¡°Ôö´ó¡±¡°²»±ä¡±»ò¡°¼õС¡±£©£¬ÔÒòÊÇ_____¡£
£¨4£©BurnsºÍDaintonÑо¿ÁË·´Ó¦Cl2(g)£«CO(g)COCl2(g)µÄ¶¯Á¦Ñ§£¬»ñµÃÆäËÙÂÊ·½³Ìv = k[c(Cl2)]3/2[c(CO)]m£¬kΪËÙÂʳ£Êý£¨Ö»ÊÜζÈÓ°Ï죩£¬mΪCOµÄ·´Ó¦¼¶Êý¡£
¢Ù¸Ã·´Ó¦¿ÉÈÏΪ¾¹ýÒÔÏ·´Ó¦Àú³Ì£º
µÚÒ»²½£ºCl22Cl ¿ìËÙƽºâ
µÚ¶þ²½£ºCl + COCOCl ¿ìËÙƽºâ
µÚÈý²½£ºCOCl + Cl2 ¡ª¡úCOCl2 + Cl Âý·´Ó¦
ÏÂÁбíÊöÕýÈ·µÄÊÇ____£¨Ìî±êºÅ£©¡£
A£®COClÊôÓÚ·´Ó¦µÄÖмä²úÎï B£®µÚÒ»²½ºÍµÚ¶þ²½µÄ»î»¯Äܽϸß
C£®¾ö¶¨×Ü·´Ó¦¿ìÂýµÄÊǵÚÈý²½ D£®µÚÈý²½µÄÓÐЧÅöײƵÂʽϴó
¢ÚÔÚijζÈϽøÐÐʵÑ飬²âµÃ¸÷×é·Ö³õŨ¶ÈºÍ·´Ó¦³õËÙ¶ÈÈçÏ£º
ʵÑéÐòºÅ | c(Cl2)/mol¡¤L-1 | c(CO)/mol¡¤L-1 | v/mol¡¤L-1¡¤s-1 |
1 | 0.100 | 0.100 | 1.2¡Á10-2 |
2 | 0.050 | 0.100 | 4.26¡Á10-3 |
3 | 0.100 | 0.200 | 2.4¡Á10-2 |
4 | 0.050 | 0.050 | 2.13¡Á10-3 |
COµÄ·´Ó¦¼¶Êým =___£¬µ±ÊµÑé4½øÐе½Ä³Ê±¿Ì£¬²âµÃc(Cl2) = 0.010mol¡¤L-1£¬Ôò´ËʱµÄ·´Ó¦ËÙÂÊv =___mol¡¤L-1¡¤s-1£¨ÒÑÖª£º¡Ö 0.32£©¡£