ÌâÄ¿ÄÚÈÝ
15£®ÐÅÏ¢£ºÔÚ20¡æ¡¢1¸ö´óÆøѹÏ£¬Ë®¿ÉÒÔ½á³É±ù£¬³ÆΪ¡°Èȱù¡±£¨Èçͼ£©£º£¨1£©s¹ìµÀÓës¹ìµÀÖصþÐγɵĹ²¼Û¼ü¿ÉÓ÷ûºÅ±íʾΪ¦Äs-s£¬p¹ìµÀÒÔ¡°Í·ÅöÍ·¡±·½Ê½ÖصþÐγɵĹ²¼Û¼ü¿ÉÓ÷ûºÅ±íʾΪ¦Äp-p£¬ÔòH2O·Ö×ÓÖк¬ÓеĹ²¼Û¼üÓ÷ûºÅ±íʾΪ¦Äs-sp3»ò¦Äsp3-s£®
£¨2£©ÏÂÁÐÎïÖÊÈÛ»¯Ê±£¬Ëù¿Ë·þµÄ΢Á£¼äµÄ×÷ÓÃÓë¡°Èȱù¡±ÈÛ»¯Ê±Ëù¿Ë·þµÄ×÷ÓÃÀàÐÍÍêÈ«ÏàͬµÄÊÇD£®
A£®½ð¸Õʯ¡¡¡¡B£®¸É±ù¡¡¡¡C£®Ê³ÑΡ¡¡¡D£®¹Ì̬°±
£¨3£©ÒÑÖª£º2H2O?H3O++OH-£¬H3O+µÄÁ¢Ìå¹¹ÐÍÊÇÈý½Ç׶ÐΣ¬º¬1molH2OµÄ±ùÖÐ×î¶à¿ÉÐγɡ°Çâ¼ü¡±2mol£®
£¨4£©¸ù¾ÝµÈµç×ÓÔÀí£¬Ð´³ö¶ÌÖÜÆÚÔªËØÔ×ÓÐγɵÄÓëH3O+»¥ÎªµÈµç×ÓÌåµÄ·Ö×Ó»òÀë×ÓNH3£®
·ÖÎö £¨1£©Ë®·Ö×ÓÖÐHÔ×ÓµÄs¹ìµÀºÍOÔ×ÓµÄp¹ìµÀÍ·¶ÔÍ·Öصþ£»
£¨2£©ÈȱùÊôÓÚ·Ö×Ó¾§Ì壬ÈȱùÖзÖ×Ó¼ä´æÔÚ·Ö×Ó¼ä×÷ÓÃÁ¦ºÍÇâ¼ü£»
£¨3£©¸ù¾Ý¼Û²ãµç×Ó¶Ô»¥³âÀíÂÛÈ·¶¨Àë×ӵĿռ乹ÐÍ£»1molH2O¿ÉÐγÉ2molÇâ¼ü£»
£¨4£©Ô×Ó¸öÊýÏàµÈ¡¢¼Ûµç×ÓÊýÏàµÈµÄ΢Á£ÎªµÈµç×ÓÌ壮
½â´ð ½â£º£¨1£©H2O·Ö×ÓÖÐÇâÔ×ÓµÄs¹ìµÀºÍÑõÔ×ÓµÄsp3ÔÓ»¯¹ìµÀÒÔÍ·¶ÔÍ·Öصþ£¬ËùÒÔº¬ÓеĹ²¼Û¼üÓ÷ûºÅ±íʾΪ¦Äs-sp3»ò¦Äsp3-s£¬
¹Ê´ð°¸Îª£º¦Äs-sp3»ò¦Äsp3-s£»
£¨2£©ÈȱùÊôÓÚ·Ö×Ó¾§Ì壬·Ö×Ó¼ä´æÔÚ·Ö×Ó¼ä×÷ÓÃÁ¦ºÍÇâ¼ü£¬
A£®½ð¸ÕʯÊôÓÚÔ×Ó¾§Ì壬½ð¸ÕʯÖÐÖ»º¬¹²¼Û¼ü£¬ÈÛ»¯Ê±Ö»ÆÆ»µ¹²¼Û¼ü£¬¹ÊA´íÎó£»
B£®¸É±ùÊôÓÚ·Ö×Ó¾§Ì壬µ«¸É±ùÖÐÖ»º¬·Ö×Ó¼ä×÷ÓÃÁ¦²»º¬Çâ¼ü£¬ÈÛ»¯Ê±Ö»ÆÆ»µ·Ö×Ó¼ä×÷ÓÃÁ¦£¬¹ÊB´íÎó£»
C£®Ê³ÑÎÊôÓÚÀë×Ó¾§Ì壬ʳÑÎÖÐÖ»º¬Àë×Ó¼ü£¬ÈÛ»¯Ê±Ö»ÆÆ»µÀë×Ó¼ü£¬¹ÊC´íÎó£»
D£®¹Ì̬°±ÊôÓÚ·Ö×Ó¾§Ì壬¾§ÌåÖдæÔÚ·Ö×Ó¼ä×÷ÓÃÁ¦ºÍÇâ¼ü£¬ËùÒÔÈÛ»¯Ê±ÆÆ»µ·Ö×Ó¼ä×÷ÓÃÁ¦ºÍÇâ¼ü£¬¹ÊDÕýÈ·£»
¹ÊÑ¡D£»
£¨3£©Ë®ºÏÇâÀë×ÓÖÐÑõÔ×Óº¬ÓÐ3¸ö¹²¼Ûµ¥¼üºÍ1¸ö¹Âµç×Ó¶Ô£¬ËùÒÔÆä¿Õ¼ä¹¹ÐÍΪÈý½Ç׶ÐΣ¬º¬1molH2OµÄ±ùÖÐ×î¶à¿ÉÐγɡ°Çâ¼ü¡±2mol£¬
¹Ê´ð°¸Îª£ºÈý½Ç׶ÐΣ»2£»
£¨4£©Ô×Ó¸öÊýÏàµÈ¡¢¼Ûµç×ÓÊýÏàµÈµÄ΢Á£ÎªµÈµç×ÓÌ壬¶ÌÖÜÆÚÔªËØÔ×ÓÐγɵÄÓëH3O+»¥ÎªµÈµç×ÓÌåµÄ·Ö×Ó»òÀë×ÓÓÐNH3£¬¹Ê´ð°¸Îª£ºNH3£®
µãÆÀ ±¾Ì⿼²éÁËÎïÖʽṹºÍÐÔÖÊ£¬Éæ¼°·Ö×Ó¼ä×÷ÓÃÁ¦¡¢Çâ¼ü¡¢µÈµç×ÓÌåµÈ֪ʶµã£¬¸ù¾ÝÎïÖʵľ§ÌåÀàÐÍÈ·¶¨´æÔڵĻ¯Ñ§¼üÀ´·ÖÎö½â´ð¼´¿É£¬×¢ÒâÇâ¼ü²»ÊôÓÚ»¯Ñ§¼ü£¬ÎªÒ×´íµã£®
A£® | Na+µÄ½á¹¹Ê¾ÒâͼΪ | |
B£® | ´¿¼îµÄ»¯Ñ§Ê½ÎªNa2CO3 | |
C£® | ÔÚËáÐÔÌõ¼þÏ£¬ÕáÌÇË®½âµÄ»¯Ñ§·½³ÌʽΪC12H20O11+H2O¡ú2C6H12O6£¨ÆÏÌÑÌÇ£© | |
D£® | ¸ßÂÈËᣨHClO4£©ÖÐÂÈÔªËصĻ¯ºÏ¼ÛΪ+7 |
A£® | ¶¹¿Æ×÷ÎïµÄ¸ùÁö¾ú¶Ô¿ÕÆøÖеªµÄ¹Ì¶¨ | |
B£® | ½«NO2ÆøÌåÀäÈ´ºóÑÕÉ«»á±ädz | |
C£® | ͨ¹ýúµÄÒº»¯À´ÌáÈ¡±½¡¢¶þ¼×±½µÈ»¯¹¤ÔÁÏ | |
D£® | ¹¤ÒµÖÆҺ̬Ñõ |
A£® | Ò»¶¨Ìõ¼þÏÂ6.4g SO2Óë×ãÁ¿ÑõÆø·´Ó¦Éú³ÉSO3£¬×ªÒƵç×ÓÊýΪ0.2 NA | |
B£® | 1 mol AlCl3ÔÚÈÛÈÚ״̬ʱÀë×Ó×ÜÊýΪ0.4NA | |
C£® | ±ê¿öÏ£¬11.2 LÂÈÆøÍêÈ«ÈÜÓÚ1 LË®ÖУ¬ËùµÃÈÜÒºÖÐCl-ºÍClO-Á½ÖÖÁ£×ÓÊýÖ®ºÍΪNA | |
D£® | 6.4 gÓÉS2¡¢S4¡¢S8×é³ÉµÄ»ìºÏÎﺬÁòÔ×ÓÊýΪ0.2 NA |
A£® | Ë®ºÏÇâÀë×ӵĵç×Óʽ£º | B£® | ÂÈÀë×ӵĽṹʾÒâͼ£º | ||
C£® | ÖÐ×ÓÊýΪ28µÄ¸ÆÔ×Ó£º2028Ca | D£® | ¾Û±ûÏ©µÄ½á¹¹¼òʽ£º |