题目内容

【题目】在菱形ABCD中,∠BAD=120°,射线AP位于该菱形外侧,点B关于直线AP的对称点为E,连接BE、DE,直线DE与直线AP交于F,连接BF,设∠PAB=α.
(1)依题意补全图1;
(2)如图1,如果0°<α<30°,判断∠ABF与∠ADF的数量关系,并证明;

(3)如图2,如果30°<α<60°,写出判断线段DE,BF,DF之间数量关系的思路;(可以不写出证明过程)

(4)如果60°<α<90°,直接写出线段DE,BF,DF之间的数量关系.

【答案】
(1)解:如图1所示:


(2)解:∠ABF=∠ADF.

理由:如图2所示:连接AE.

∵点B与点E关于直线PA对称,

∴EA=AB,∠ABF=∠AEF.

∵四边形ABCD为菱形,

∴AB=AD.

∴AE=AD.

∴∠AEF=∠ADF.

∴∠ABF=∠ADF.


(3)解:DF=ED﹣BF.

理由:如图3所示:

∵点B与点E关于PA对称,

∴EF=BF.

又∵DF=ED﹣EF,

∴DF=ED﹣BF.


(4)解:BF=DE+DF.

理由:如图4所示:

∵点B与点E关于PA对称,

∴EF=BF.

又∵EF=ED+DF,

∴BF=DE+DF


【解析】(1)根据题意画出图形;
(2)连接AE,根据对称的性质可得EA=AB、∠ABF=∠AEF,再由四边形ABCD为菱形,可得∠AEF=∠ADF,进而得出结论;
(3)根据对称的性质易得DF=ED﹣BF;
(4)画出图形,根据对称的性质易得BF=DE+DF.
【考点精析】根据题目的已知条件,利用菱形的性质和轴对称的性质的相关知识可以得到问题的答案,需要掌握菱形的四条边都相等;菱形的对角线互相垂直,并且每一条对角线平分一组对角;菱形被两条对角线分成四个全等的直角三角形;菱形的面积等于两条对角线长的积的一半;关于某条直线对称的两个图形是全等形;如果两个图形关于某直线对称,那么对称轴是对应点连线的垂直平分线;两个图形关于某直线对称,如果它们的对应线段或延长线相交,那么交点在对称轴上.

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【题目】在“解直角三角形”一章我们学习到“锐角的正弦、余弦、正切都是锐角的函数,统称为锐角三角函数” .
小力根据学习函数的经验,对锐角的正弦函数进行了探究. 下面是小力的探究过程,请补充完成:
(1)函数的定义是:“一般地,在一个变化的过程中,有两个变量x和y,对于变量x的每一个值,变量y都有唯一确定的值和它对应,我们就把x称为自变量,y称为因变量,y是x的函数”.由函数定义可知,锐角的正弦函数的自变量是 , 因变量是 , 自变量的取值范围是
(2)利用描点法画函数的图象. 小力先上网查到了整锐角的正弦值,如下:
sin1°=0.01745240643728351 sin2°=0.03489949670250097 sin3°=0.05233595624294383
sin4°=0.0697564737441253 sin5°=0.08715574274765816 sin6°=0.10452846326765346
sin7°=0.12186934340514747 sin8°=0.13917310096006544 sin9°=0.15643446504023087
sin10°=0.17364817766693033 sin11°=0.1908089953765448 sin12°=0.20791169081775931
sin13°=0.22495105434386497 sin14°=0.24192189559966773 sin15°=0.25881904510252074
sin16°=0.27563735581699916 sin17°=0.2923717047227367 sin18°=0.3090169943749474
sin19°=0.3255681544571567 sin20°=0.3420201433256687 sin21°=0.35836794954530027
sin22°=0.374606593415912 sin23°=0.3907311284892737 sin24°=0.40673664307580015
sin25°=0.42261826174069944 sin26°=0.4383711467890774 sin27°=0.45399049973954675
sin28°=0.4694715627858908 sin29°=0.48480962024633706 sin30°=0.5000000000000000
sin31°=0.5150380749100542 sin32°=0.5299192642332049 sin33°=0.544639035015027
sin34°=0.5591929034707468 sin35°=0.573576436351046 sin36°=0.5877852522924731
sin37°=0.6018150231520483 sin38°=0.6156614753256583 sin39°=0.6293203910498375
sin40°=0.6427876096865392 sin41°=0.6560590289905073 sin42°=0.6691306063588582
sin43°=0.6819983600624985 sin44°=0.6946583704589972 sin45°=0.7071067811865475
sin46°=0.7193398003386511 sin47°=0.7313537016191705 sin48°=0.7431448254773941
sin49°=0.7547095802227719 sin50°=0.766044443118978 sin51°=0.7771459614569708
sin52°=0.7880107536067219 sin53°=0.7986355100472928 sin54°=0.8090169943749474
sin55°=0.8191520442889918 sin56°=0.8290375725550417 sin57°=0.8386705679454239
sin58°=0.848048096156426 sin59°=0.8571673007021122 sin60°=0.8660254037844386
sin61°=0.8746197071393957 sin62°=0.8829475928589269 sin63°=0.8910065241883678
sin64°=0.898794046299167 sin65°=0.9063077870366499 sin66°=0.9135454576426009
sin67°=0.9205048534524404 sin68°=0.9271838545667873 sin69°=0.9335804264972017
sin70°=0.9396926207859083 sin71°=0.9455185755993167 sin72°=0.9510565162951535
sin73°=0.9563047559630354 sin74°=0.9612616959383189 sin75°=0.9659258262890683
sin76°=0.9702957262759965 sin77°=0.9743700647852352 sin78°=0.9781476007338057
sin79°=0.981627183447664 sin80°=0.984807753012208 sin81°=0.9876883405951378
sin82°=0.9902680687415704 sin83°=0.992546151641322 sin84°=0.9945218953682733
sin85°=0.9961946980917455 sin86°=0.9975640502598242 sin87°=0.9986295347545738
sin88°=0.9993908270190958 sin89°=0.9998476951563913
①列表(小力选取了10对数值);

x

y

②建立平面直角坐标系(两坐标轴可视数值需要分别选取不同长度做为单位长度);
③描点.在平面直角坐标系xOy 中,描出了以上表中各对对应值为坐标的点;

④连线. 根据描出的点,画出该函数的图象;
(3)结合函数的图象,写出该函数的一条性质:

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