8. 名词如: trousers, scissors, clothes, goods, glasses 等作主语时, 谓语动词必须用复数. 如:

His clothes are good. 但这些名词前若出现 a pair of , 谓语一般用单数.如:

　 　 A pair of glasses is on the desk. 桌上有一副眼镜.

7.　 none 做主语时,谓语动词可用单数, 也可用复数; 但在代表不可数的东西时总是看作单数,因而谓语动词要用单数. 如:

　 　 None of us are (is) perfect.　 人无完人.

　 　 None of this worries me.　 这事一点不使我着急.

6.　　　　　　 若主语中有more than one 或many a/an , 尽管从意义上看是复数, 但它的谓语动词仍用单数. 但more+复数名词+than one做主语时, 谓语动词仍用复数. 如:

Many a boy likes playing basketball.　　 许多男生都喜欢打篮球.

More than one student was late.　　 不只一个学生迟到

More persons than one come to help us. 不止一个人来帮助我们.

5.　　　　　　 each of + 复数代词, 谓语动词用单数. 复数代词+each, 谓语动词用单数.如:

Each of us has something to say. 我们每个人都有话要说

4.　　　　　　 用连接的并列主语被each, every 或no修饰时, 谓语动词用单数.

Every boy and every girl likes to go swimming.　 每个男孩和每个女孩都喜欢去游泳.

No teacher and no student was absent from the meeting.　 没有老师也没有学生开会缺席.

Each man and (each) woman is asked to help.　 每个男人和每个女人都被请去帮忙.

3.　　　　　　 不定式(短语), 动名词(短语), 或从句作主语时, 谓语动词用单数. 如:

Serving the people is my great happiness.

为人民服务是我最大的幸福.

When we’ll go out for an outing has been decided.

我们什么时候出去郊游已决定了.

2.　　　　　　 用and连接的并列主语,如果主语是同一个人,同一事,同一概念, 谓语动词用单数, 否则用复数. 如:

The poet and writer has come.　　 那位诗人兼作家来了.(一个人)

A hammer and a saw are useful tools.　 锤子和锯都是有用的工具. (两样物)

用and连接的成对名词习惯上被看成是一个整体, 如:bread and butter(黄油抹面包), knife and fork(刀叉)等作主语时, 谓语动词用单数.

1.　　　　　　 单数主语即使后面带有with , along with, together with, like(象), but (除了),except, besides, as well as, no less than, rather than(而不是), including, in addition to 引导的短语, 谓语动词仍用单数.

　如: Air as well as water is matter.　　 空气和水都是物质.

　　 No one except two servants was late for the dinner.　 除了 两个仆人外, 没有一个人迟来用餐

同位语从句和定语从句相似，都放在某一名词或代词后面，但同位语从句不同于定语从句。同位语从句对名词加以补充说明，是名词全部内容的体现，且名词和同位语从句的引导词均不在从句中作成分；定语从句说明先行词的性质与特征，与先行词是修饰与被修饰的关系，且名词和定语从句的引导词均在从句中作成分。

区分时可以在先行词与与从句之间加一个系动词be,使之构成一个新句子，如果句子通顺且符合逻辑，则为同位语从句，反之，则为定语从句。

如：The report that he was going to resign was false.

　　 他将辞职的传闻是假的。

因为the report was that he was going to resign 句意通顺，所以，that he was going to resign 是同位语从句。

　例：Information has been put forward ____ more middle school graduates will be admitted into universities.(NMET2001上海)

　A.while B.that C.when D.as

　析：答案为B。more middle school graduates will be admitted into universities是Information的内容，且Information不在从句中作成分，所以该句为同位语从句。应将该句区别于：

　It is said that more middle school graduates will be admitted into universities，this is the information ____ has been put forward.

　A.what B.that C.when D.as

　析：答案为B。that has been put forward为information的修饰性定语，且information在从句中作主语，所以该句为定语从句。

第6讲：主谓一致

主谓一致指”人称”和”数方面的一致关系.如: He is going abroad. They are playing football.

可分为:语法一致, 内容一致, 就近一致.

4.当主句的谓语较短，而同位语从句较长时，同位语从句常后肢。

如：The thought came to him that maybe the enemy had fled the city.　　 他突然想到敌人可能已经逃出城了。