3.A is to B what C is to D

教材原句

(1)A nest is to a bird what a house is to a man.

巢与鸟儿的关系如同房子和人的关系。

(2)A net is to a fisherman what a gun is to a hunter.

网与渔夫的关系就像枪与猎人一样。

(3)Arms are to the body what branches are to a tree.

上肢与身体的关系就像树枝和树的关系。

特别提示

这是一个比喻句,通常用于“A对B而言正如C对D一样”这个句型。

补充例句

(1)We are to them what fish is to water.

我们和他们的关系就像鱼儿和水一样。

(2)Honey is to a bee what milk is to a cow.

蜂蜜与蜜蜂的关系如同牛奶和奶牛的关系。

(3)Smell is to the nose what taste is to the tongue.

嗅觉与鼻子的关系如同味觉和舌头的关系。

(4)Furniture is to the living room what playground equipment is to the playground.

家具与居室的关系如同体育器械和操场的关系。

疑难突破

despite,in spite of,though

三者都有“尽管”之意,但词性不同。前两者为介词,后跟名词,通常情况下可换用。而though 是连词,后跟句子。

应用

(1)He’s very active ______ his age.

(2)______ all their hard work,the project ended in failure.

(3)______ it was very late,the child would not go to bed.

(4)Young ______ he was he knew a lot.

答案:(1)despite/in spite of  (2)In spite of/Despite  (3)Though  (4)though

典例剖析

[例1](2004年辽宁,30)______ by the beauty of nature,the girl from London decided to spend another two days on the farm.

A.Attracting        B.Attracted          C.To be attracted      D.Having attracted

部析: 这里考查的是非谓语动词作状语。非谓语动词作状语时,其动作的发出者必须和句子的主语保持一致,即女孩被某物所吸引,排除主动形式的A、D两项;动词不定式作状语表示目的,与题意不符,排除C项。

答案:B

[例2](2004年春季上海,42)After his journey from abroad,Richard Jones returned home,______.

A.exhausting                           B.exhausted         

C.being exhausted                       D.having exhausted

剖析:过去分词作状语,其逻辑主语为Richard Jones。

答案:B

[例3] (2004年重庆,30)Laws that punish parents for their little children’s actions against the laws get parents ______.

A.worried           B.to worry           C.worrying          D.worry

剖析:本题考查非谓语动词。备选答案是动词 worry的某种形式。worry多为及物动词,意为“使……担心/着急”。此外,空中应填宾语补足语,表示宾语的动作、状态、身份等。这样的法律使父母感到担心,也就是说父母被这样的法律弄得担心。所以宾语与补足语之间有被动的主谓关系,而过去分词正好表示被动意义。

答案:A

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