1. The teacher asked us _____ so much noise.
A. don’t make B. not make
C. not making D. not to make
[解析]选D。考查ask后面复合宾语的用法，即ask somebody to do以及不定式的否定形式，即not to do。
2. 特殊变化
(1)若直接引语是表示“建议”的祈使句或疑问句，通常变为 “suggested+宾语从句(或动名词)”结构
He said,” Let’s go to the park.”
= He suggested(our) going to the park.
[点拨]表示建议、要求、劝告的祈使句都可以用此句型
(2)直接引语是感叹句时，间接引语可以用what或how引导，也可以用that引导
She said,” What a lovely day it is!”
=She said what a lovely day it was.=She said that it was a lovely day.
[典型例题]
1. 一般变化
(1) 如果直接引语是表示命令、请求的祈使句，通常将祈使句的动词原形变成动词不定式，并在动词不定式前加上动词ask, tell, order, advise, invite, request, warm, beg, command, encourage等，其中动词的使用须视句义与说话者当时的语气或态度而定
注意：
a. 间接引语中引述动词不能用say。
b. 如果祈使句是否定形式，则不定式前加上否定词never或not。
c. 祈使句中的please在间接引语中必须省去。
(2)非祈使句形式的请求、命令等的直接引语变为间接引语，变法同上。
“Please sit down and have a rest.” she said to us.
= She asked us to sit down and have a rest.
[点拨]依据说话者的语气，注意转述动词的选择。
5. play a part (in)扮演一个角色；参与
[重点句型]
even if/though----
[基础过关]even if/though是一个连词意思为“即使、虽然”
Even if we can go out for play, we won’t do.
即使我们能出去玩，我们也不想去。
[拓展延伸]even if 与even though可以互换，但even if 更强调假定性。
引导让步状语从句的引导词although, though, no matter, whenever, wherever, however 等。
As也可以引导让步状语从句，但要把其表语，谓语原形，宾语前置，且前置的单数名词不可以用冠词。
Whatever you do ,do it well. 不管你做什么，把他做好。
Girl as/though she is, she can go alone in the darkness.
尽管她是个女孩，她敢一个人走夜路。
[即境活用]
I’m determined to get a seat for the concert ___it means standing in a queue all night.
A. as though B. Even if C. in case D. so that
[解析]B 考查连词辨析。句意“我决心得到一张音乐会的座位，即使意味着整夜排队。”
believe it or not信不信由你
believe it or not信不信由你(用于口语中，相当于插入语)。
Believe it or not, he asked me to tell you a lie!
信不信由你，他要我向你说谎！
[拓展延伸]可用作插入语的某些不定式短语，常见的还有：
to tell the truth 老实说
to say nothing of … 更不用说……
to be honest 老实地说
to be frank 坦率地说
to be exact 确切地说
judging from; 依据---判断；(句首常见)
generally speaking; 一般说来(句首常见)
He isn’t all right,_____,he isn’t right sometimes.
A. to be honest B. Generally speaking C. to tell the truth D. that is (to say)
[答案]D 考查短语意思辨析
语法核心突破
祈使句直接引语变间接引语
当我们转述祈使句时，通常将原句中的动词变为动词不定式，并在不定式的前面加上ask, order, tell等转述动词，如果祈使句为否定式，在不定式的前面加上not
4. such as像这样的(用来列举事物)。
I visited several cities, such as New York, Chicago and Boston.
我游览过几个城市，像纽约、芝加哥、波士顿等
辨析：for example, such as, such…as：that is;
for example 用来列举同类中的一个为例，可以是一个句子，也可以是一个单词或词组。在句中的位置较灵活，可位于句首、句中或句尾
For example, he is very brave.
比如，他非常勇敢。
such as 用来列举事物(一类)，放在被列举的事物与前面的名词之间，as之后切不可有逗号(列举部分事例)。
that is 用来列举全部事物，故在被列举事例前面，并用逗号隔开
区别上述三个短语的关键是：
1)判断是列举部分举例还是列举全部事例，2)在句中的位置。3) 举例说明还是列举
This machine is very useful in daily life, such as in making bread.
这台机器在日常生活中是很有用的，比如做面包。
such…as… 意思是“像……那样的”，其中as为介词，不能同etc.和and so on连用。例如：
Such men as Edison, Einstein and Lincoln are great men.
像爱迪生、爱因斯坦和林肯这样的人都是伟人。
The teacher praised him very often, ____he is a good student in our class.
A. such as B. For example C. such---as D. That is
[答案]D
3. make use of 利用；使用
[典例]
1). You ought to make good use of any opportunity to practise English. 你应该好好利用机会练习英语。
[短语归纳]
make good use of 好好利用 make full use of 充分利用
make the best/most of 充分利用
1). 要充分利用一切机会说英语。
_______________________________________________________________________________
2). 我们要很好地发挥她的才能。
答案: 1). Make full use of every chance you have to speak English.
2). We will make good use of her talents.
2. come up
(1)(人)走近；靠近
He came up smiling to me 他微笑着向我走来
(2)(太阳，月亮)升起
The sky was dark blue and clear when the moon came up.
月亮出来时，天空是深蓝色的，非常晴朗
(3)出席；出现
I came up for interview but didn’t get the job.
我到场接受了面议，但并没得到工作
(4)发芽；长出
New shoots of bamboo will come up from around the roots of the old ones.
从老(竹)竿的根周围又会长出新的幼芽(竹笋)来
[拓展延伸]
Come up with (针对问题等)提出，想出，提供
Come about 发生
come across 邂逅
come at 攻击，向……扑来
come from 出身于
come out 出版；开花
come to 达到；苏醒；谈到
come after 跟在……后面
come along 一起来，过来
come down 下来，败落
come on 加油，跟我来，进行，进展
come in 进来
He_____to Beijing days ago; and he will work for months as a visiting professor in Beijing University.
A. come up B. camp up C. went down D. leaves for
[答案]B 考查动词短语的辨析。come up to 此处意思是“到达----”符合题意。时态与ago保持一致。
1. because of
because of 因为，由于(为复合介词，后接名词或代词)。
He had to retire because of ill health.
他因为健康状况不佳，所以不得不退休
[拓展延伸] because, as, since, for都表示原因，但意义不同
because直接原因，语气最强。回答why提出的问题只能用because。在强调句型中，也只能用because。
as 用于解释做某事的原因，语气较弱，通常位于主句前。
since 表示的原因是指众所周知的事实，意思“既然”。语气比because弱。通常位于主句前，并常与as换用
for 并列连词，连接并列分句，表示一种补充说明，是推测或判断的理由，语气较弱
Because 接从句，because of接名词，代词，动名词
7. block vt. 堵塞；阻碍n. 街区；木块；石块
1). He lives three blocks away from here. 他住的地方与此处相隔三条街.
2). A large crowd blocked the corridors and exits. 人群把走廊和出口都堵死了
[重点用法]
a block of 一大块
block out 堵住
block off 封锁；封闭
block up 堵塞；阻碍
[即境活用]中译英
1). 他们在绕楼群散步。
2). 大雪阻塞了所有通往苏格兰的道路。
答案:
1). They are taking a walk round the block.
2). Heavy snow is blocking all roads into Scotland.
[重点短语]
6. recognize vt. 辨认出；承认
