object vi. 不赞成,反对 objection n. 不赞成,反对 2. popular adj. 流行的.通俗的.广受欢迎的 pop——青夏教育精英家教网—

1. object vi. 不赞成；反对	objection n. 不赞成；反对
2. popular adj. 流行的，通俗的，广受欢迎的	popularity n.普及；流行；名望	popularize vt. 使普及，使流行
3. resist v. 抵(反)抗，抵制	resistance n. 抵抗力, 反抗	resistant n. 抵抗者 adj.反抗的，耐……的
4. decorate vt. 装饰，装璜	decoration n. 装饰(品) 装璜
5. reason n. 原因；理性 v.分析，推论(理)；劝告	reasonable adj. 通情达理的；合理的	unreasonable adj. 不合理的；荒唐的
[练习]用括号内所提供词的适当形式填空。 1). I strongly object to ________ (treat) like a child. 2). If no one has any ________ (object), I will declare the meeting closed us with hope. 3). The no-smoking policy was introduced with little _______ (resist) from staff. 4). When will they finish the ________ (decorate) of the bathroom? 5). The building ________ (decorate) with flags., the event was a great success. 6). Don't let your boss make ________ (reason) demands on you. 7). The president’ s _______ (popular) has declined considerably. 8). The President is very _______ (popularize) with Jewish voters. Keys:　 1). being treated 　　　 2). objection　　　　　 3). resistance　　 4). decoration　　　　　 5). was decorated　　 6). unreasonable　 7). popularity　　 8). popular

1. aloud / loud / loudly

[解释]
aloud adv. 重点在于“出声”(能被人听见，但声音不一定很大)，通常与read等词连用：read aloud朗读，读出声 shout/call/laugh aloud大声叫喊／笑
loud作形容词时意为“大声的”，作副词时特指(谈笑等)“大声地”，常用比较级形式；
loudly“大声地，吵闹地”，强调声音喧闹、不悦耳，与quietly相对

[练习]用aloud，loud，loudly的适当形式填空。
1). The teacher asked me to read the poem _______.
2). The radio isn’ t _______ enough. Could you turn it up a little?
3). I could hear people over there talking _______ with each other about the news.
4). Could you speak _______ ?
Keys: 1). aloud　　　 2). loud　　　3). loudly　　 4). louder

2. obtain / acquire / gain / earn / achieve

[解释]
obtain意为“获得，买到”。指通过努力或请求而得到，含有满足要求或得达到目的的意味，用于正式语体中。
acquire意为“经过努力逐步获得才能、知识、习惯等，也可用于对财物等的获得”，强调“一经获得就会长期持有”的含义。
gain意为“通过较大努力获得某种利益或好处；亦可指军事上的武力夺取等”。
earn意为“挣得，赢得”。指因工作等而得到报酬或待遇。
achieve意为“得到；获得”，多指成就、目标、幸福的取得。

[练习]用obtain，acquire，gain，earn，achieve的适当形式填空。
1). How much do you _______a week?
2). The movie star _______ success and wealth.
3). He _______ experience through practice.
4). It is through learning that the individul ______ many habitual ways of reacting to situations.
5). An investor _______ by buying stocks that go up in value.
Keys: 1). earn　　　 2). achieved　　　 3). obtained　　　 4). acquires　　 5). gains

根据课文内容完成下面语法填空，注意单词拼写和词语用法：

California is the _____1_____(three)largest state in the USA but has the largest population. It has _____2______ (attraction) people from all over the world. No one really knows when the first people arrived in ______3____ we now know as California. Now there are more Native Americans _____4_______ in California than in any other state. California _____5________(统治) by Spain and there is still a strong Spanish ______6_____(影响) in the state. People began _____7______(settle) in California when gold _____8_______(发现)there. But people from Africa have been living there. It is believed that before long the mix of _____9______(国籍) will be so great that there will be no major racial of cultural groups, but simply a ____10______(mix) of many culture

答案： 1.third　　 2.attracted　　　 3.what　　 4.living　 5.was ruled　　 6.influence　　　 7.settling　 8.was discovered　　　 9. nationalities　　　 10. mixture

2. Exactly when the first people arrived in what we now know as California, no one really knows. 没有人知道确切在什么时候第一批移民者到达我们今天所称为加利福尼亚的地方。

[解释] what we now know as California是一个由what引导的名词性从句，做arrive in的宾语, what是复合关系代词，相当于the thing(s)that，因此，在名词性从句中可以用the thing(s)that取代的，应该用what。

注意1：名词性从句中what与that的区别：that在名词性从句中不起句子成分的作用，what必须起句子成分的作用。

注意2：名词性从句中what与which的区别：指代前文已经提到过的对象或范围时，用which，否则用what。

What he said sounds reasonable. (what作said的宾语)

That our team has won the game has been proved. (That在主语从句中不起句子成分的作用)

There are many books available. I don’ t know which to read. (which指的是前文提到的books的其中一本)

What book do you want to buy ? (前文没有提及买什么书或哪一类书)

[练习] 根据句子的意思填词。

1). This is ________ he wanted.

2). This is the thing ________ he wanted.

3). She is no longer ________ she used to be.

4). She is no longer the person ________ she used to be.

Keys: 1). what　 2). that　 3). what　 4). that

课文要点(模块)

1. California is the third largest state in the USA but has the largest population. 加利福尼亚是美国第三大洲，但有着最多的人口。

[解释] 形容词的最高级前面可以被序数词以及by far，much，almost，nearly，not quite等词修饰。

[练习] 翻译句子。

1). 黄河是中国第二长河。

　 ____________________________________________________________________________________

2). 亚洲是世界上最大的洲。

　 ____________________________________________________________________________________

Keys: 1). The Yellow River is the second longest river in China.

2). Asia is by far the largest continent in the world.

7. a great/good many　相当多，很多

[典例]

It all happened a good many years ago. 这发生在很多年前。

[重点用法]

a great/good many a large number of scores of dozens of many/few	修饰可数名词复数	many a	修饰可数名词单数
a good/great deal of a large/great amount of　　 large amounts of much / little / a little	修饰不可数名词
a lot of = lots of plenty of a large/great quantity of = quantities of a supply of = supplies of	可数名词复数/不可数名词

[练习] 根据句子的要求翻译。

1). I’ ve known her for _______ _______ _______ (很多) years.

2). I imagine if one day I had _______ _______ _______ _______ (很多) money, I would go traveling round the world.

Keys: 1). a great/good many　 2). a good/great deal of 或a large/great amount of　

6. take in 包括；吸收；接纳；欺骗　　　　　　　　　

[典例]

1). The students find it easy to take in what you teach. 学生发现你的课很好懂。

2). He had nowhere to sleep so we offered to take him in. 他没地方可以睡，我们于是就提出让他留宿。

[短语归纳] take 短语：

take apart拆开；剖析，抨击(论点等)　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 take down拿下，取下；拆卸；记下

take back取回，带回；收回说过的话；使…回忆起昔日　　　 take care of 照料，保管

take up开始从事；占用(时间或空间)；着手处理　　　　　　　　 take medicine服药

take it easy别紧张，慢慢来　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 take over继承，接收，接管　　　　　　　　　

take off脱下(衣服等)；起飞　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 take on承担，从事；呈现

take one’ s place入座；代替某人的位置　　　　　　　　　　　 take one’ s time不急，慢慢干　　

[练习] 用与take相关的短语填空。

1). Don’ t be _______ _______ by his promises.

2). Who do you think will ________ ________ now that the governor has been dismissed?　　

3). These boxes of yours are ________ ________ too much space.　

4). 1 was really _______ _______ when seeing old photos.　

5). Dear ladies and gentlemen，please now _______ _______ _______.The opera is soon to begin.

6). Tom carefully ________ ________what the teacher said

Keys: 1). taken in　　　　　　 2). take over　　　　　　　 3). taking up　　　 4). taken back

5). take your place　 6). took down

5. mark out 划线标出……界线

[典例]

Please mark out the sentences that you don’ t understand with a red pen. 请用红笔标出你不懂的句子。

[重点用法]

be marked with... 标记着……

[练习] 根据句子的要求在括号里填入适当的词。

1). I’ ve lost a case _______ _______ (标记着) “IX” on its back.

2). She carefully _______ _______ (划线标出) the important phrases and sentence patterns.

Keys: 1). marked with　　 2). marked out

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