● orchestras→79. ____________ concerts each term   

  ● bands→being commonly 80.___________by pupils themselves.

SECTION B

Directions: Read the following passage. Answer the questions according to the information given in the passage and the required words limit. Write your answers on your answer sheet.

The worst US economic recession (萧条) in 70 years is forcing senior citizens out of retirement, leaving them fighting for jobs in a weak labor market or risking homelessness.

A study by Experience Works, released on Tuesday, showed 46 percent of the 2,000 low income people over 55 years who participated needed to find work to keep their homes. Nearly half of them had been searching for work for more than a year.

“These people are at the age where they understandably thought their job-searching years were behind them,” said Cynthia Metzler, president and CEO of Experience Works.

“But here they are, many in their 60s, 70s and beyond, desperate to find work so they can keep a roof over their heads and food on the table.”

According to the study, many of the participants had no intention of working past their 60th birthday, but had to change plans after being dismissed or following the death of the partner. Over a third of the participants had retired.

Ninety percent of respondents 76 years and older planned to continue working for the next five years.

Huge medical bills due to a personal illness or that of a spouse(配偶) were also reasons for coming out of retirement, the survey found. The longest and deepest economic slump since the 1930s is making finding a job for the low-income elderly workers a difficult challenge.

The Experience Works study found that 46 percent of the elderly jobseekers were sometimes forced to choose between paying rent, buying food or medication. Almost three-quarters believed their age made it harder to compete for jobs with younger workers.

“This study underscores calls for the need to create policies that remove barriers to employment for older workers and provide additional programs and services specifically aimed at helping older people re-enter the work force or remain working,” said Metzler.

81. What has caused the American retired senior citizens back to work? ( No more than 8 words )

9.(19分)(1)汽车尾气中常常含有CO、NOx等气体,为减轻污染,当代汽车都加装了“三效催化净化器”,可将汽车尾气中的有毒气体处理为无污染的气体,下图为该反应的微观示意图(未配平),其中不同符号的球代表不同种原子。 

    下列说法中正确的是    。

    A.该反应是置换反应

    B.该反应中乙被氧化了,发生了还原反应

    C.每生成2mol生成物,该反应共转移16/5mol电子

    D.使用催化净化器的汽车必须使用无铅汽油,因为含铅化合物会使催化剂中毒

 (2)NH3的催化氧化也可产生NO,某化学课外活动小组设计了下图所示的实验装置,进行“氨的催化氧化”实验(固定装置略去)。

①若A中使用的药品是碳酸氢铵,则在下列仪器中,A中未画出的仪器有   (填序号)。

a.乱分液漏斗  b.试管  c.烧瓶  d.酒精灯  e.导气管  f.橡胶塞

②装置B的作用是:        。

③装置C中发生反应的化学方程式为         。

④若A、B中药品足量,则装置D中可以观察到的现象是          。

⑤指导老师从安全与环保的角度考虑,指出该装置有两处明显的缺陷。请你提出修改建议:a.              ;

b.             。

  (3)一些同学提出也可将上述所示装置中A、B

部分换成右图所示装置进行实验。则反应开

始前:

①分液漏斗中盛放的药品是        ;

②烧瓶中发生反应的化学方程式为:

             。

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