一般过去时 ①表达特定的过去时间内发生的动作或存在的状况.或过去某一时间内经常发生或反复发生的动作或为, He often sang when he was a boy. He went to——青夏教育精英家教网—

5.一般过去时

　 ①表达特定的过去时间内发生的动作或存在的状况，或过去某一时间内经常发生或反复发生的动作或为；

He often sang when he was a boy.

He went to the cinema last night with her boy friend.

　 ②用于I didn’t know…或I forgot…，表示事先不知道或不记得，但现在已知道或记得的事情。

　用于I didn’t know…或I forgot…，表示事先不知道或不记得，但现在已知道或记得的事情。

　　 I didn’t know you were here.(现在已经知道)

Sorry, I forgot to bring my book.(“忘记带书”已成为过去的事了)

这一用法考生要特别注意。

注意：参看过去将来时的用法②。

4.现在完成进行时

　 ①用来表示从过去某一时刻开始一直持续到现在(或今后还要继续一去)的动作；

He has been doing the maths problems since 8:00.

②凡是不能用于现在进行时的动词均不能用于现成完成进行时。

3.现在完成时

　 ①表示过去发生的动作对现在产生的影响或结果，或说话时已完成的动作；

I have finished the report./ She has cleaned the room.

　 ②表示从过去开始，待续到现在的动作或状态，往往和“for...”, “since...”表述的一段时间状语连用；

He has learned English for six years./ They have worked here since they left college.

③表示“曾经到过某地(人已回来)”用“have/has been to”；

表示“到某地去了(还未回来)”用“have/has gone to”。

-Where is Li Hua?　　　　　　　－He has gone to the reading-room.

-She knows a lot about Shanghai.　－She has been there.

④在时间状语从句,条件状语从句或让步状语从句中表达将来某时已经完成的动作。

When you have learned English, you will find it a bridge to so much knowledge.

We’ll start at six if it has stopped raining by then.

注意：这里的现在完成时强调从句动作在主句动作之前完成, 如果两个动作同时或几乎同时发生, 则不必用完成时；试比较：

I’ll let you know as soon as I hear from her.

She will call you when she gets home.

⑤短暂动词(即瞬间动词)，join,lose,buy,borrow,leave,go,come,arrive,die,marry, finish,complete,begin,start,

break out等，在完成时态中，其肯定式不能和表示一段时间的状语连用。

要译“他参军已经三年了”不能说：He has joined the army three years.可采用：

▲“ago法”：He joined the army three years ago.

▲“延续法”：He has been in the army for three years.

▲“since法”：It is/has been three years since he joined the army.

注意：没有包括“现在”在内或不是截至“现在”为止的时间状语不能与现在完成时连用, 但“in(over) the

past/last+时间段”要与现在完成时连用。

2.现在进行时

①表示正在进行的动作；

②表示按计划安排即将发生的动作。

She is leaving for Beijing.她要去北京。

He is working as a teacher tomorrow.从明天起他要做老师。

My father is coming to see me this Saturday.这个星期六我爸爸要来看我。

③代替一般现在时，描绘更加生动。

The Changjiang River is flowing into the east.江水滚滚向东流。

The sun is rising in the east.太阳从东方冉冉升起。

④与always, forever, constantly,　 continually连用，表示赞赏或厌恶等感情色彩，但并非强调动作正在进

行；

　　 He is always helping others.他总是肯帮助他人。

She is always forgetting something.她老是忘记某些事情。

⑤大多数动词可用于进行时，但也有些动词不用于进行时。

常见的有：

▲感觉类：look, smell,　 feel, sound, taste, see, hear

▲情感类：like, love, prefer, admire, hate, fear

▲心态类：wish, hope, expect,　 want, need, believe, think, understand, agree, knowt

▲所有类：have, contain, won, hold, belong to等。

1.一般现在时

①一般现在时表示经常发生、习惯性动作、客观真理、科学事实、格言，目前的特征、状态、能力等;

②主句是一般将来时,时间、条件状语从句中用一般现在时表示将来;

I’ll go there after I finish my work.

If it rains tomorrow,I won’t go there.

③在以here,there开头的句子里，go,come等少数动词的一般在时表示正在发生的动作;

There goes the bell.铃响了。There comes the bus.汽车来了。Here she comes.她来了。

注意：近几年，对一般现在时的考查常用过去时态或现在完成时态对考生进行干扰

Months ago we sailed ten thousand miles across the open sea, which_____ the Pacific,and we met no storm.

A. was called　　　　　 B. is called　　　 C. had been called　　　　 D. has been called

虽然航海发生在过去，但是，海洋的名称不会因此而变化，所以要用一般现在时。

主动语态的构成

一般现在时	一般过去时
do/does,( is/am/are )	did,(was/were)
现在进行时	过去进行时
is/am/are doing	was/were doing
现在完成时	过去完成时
has/have done	had done
现在完成进行时	过去完成进行时
has/have been doing	had been doing
一般将来时	过去将来时
will/shall do is/am/are going to do is/am/are(about)to do	would/should do was/were going to do was/were(about)to do

被动语态的构成

一般现在时	一般过去时
is/am/are done	was/were done
现在进行时	过去进行时
is/am/are being done	was/were being done
现在完成时	过去完成时
has/have been done	had been done
一般将来时	过去将来时
will/shall be done is/am/are going to be done is/am/are(about)to be done	would/should be done was/were going to be done was/were(about)to be done