4. 动词时态和代词等的变动

 (1). 某些代词,限定词,表示时间或地点的副词和个别动词在间接引语中的变化规则:

直接引语           间接引语

today          that day

now          then, at that moment

yesterday           the day before

the day before yesterday         two days before

tomorrow                 the next day / the following day

the day after tomorrow          two days after, / in two days

next week/ month etc       the next week/month etc

last week/ month etc          the week / month etc. before

here            there

this           that

these          those

come            go 

bring              take

(2). 如果引述动词为现在时形式,则间接引语中的动词时态,代词,限定词和表示时间或地点的副词不用变化。而如果引述动词是过去时,以上内容就要有相应变化。变化情况如下: 现在时间推移到过去的时间(注意:如果直接引语是表示客观规律的,那么时态仍然用一般现在时 

一般现在时     →一般过去时;

现在进行时     →过去进行时; 

一般将来时     →过去将来时; 

现在完成时     →过去完成时; 

Unit 5  If you go to the party,you’ll have a great time! 

2. 疑问句的间接引语

 直接引语如果是疑问句,变成间接引语后,叫做间接疑问句。间接疑问句为陈述语序,句末用句号,动词时态等的变化与间接陈述句相同。引述动词常用ask, wonder, want to know等间接疑问句一般有三种:

(1).一般疑问句由直接引语变为间接引语时, 由whether或if 引导。 如:

 “Has he ever worked in Shanghai?”Jim asked. “他在上海工作过吗?”吉姆问。

 →Jim asked whether/if he had ever worked in Shanghai.吉姆问他是否在上海工作过。

 “Can you tell me the way to the hospital?” The old man asked.  

    那个老人问:“你能告诉我去医院的路吗?

 →The old man asked whether I could tell him the way to the hospital.  

    那老人问我是否能告诉他去医院路。

(2). 特殊疑问句由直接引语变为间接引语时,仍由原来的疑问词引导。如:

 “Which room do you live in?” He asked. “           你住哪个房间?”他问我。

 →He asked me which room I lived in.                他问我住哪个房间。

 “What do you think of the film?” She asked.            她问“你怎么看这部电影?”

 →She asked her friend what she thought of the film  .    她问她朋友怎么看这部电影。

(3). 选择疑问句由直接引语变为间接引语时,由whether/if …or引导。 如:

 “Is it your bike or Tom’s? Mum asked.   妈妈问:“这是你的自行车还是汤姆的?”

→Mum asked whether/if it was my bike or Tom’s.妈妈问这是我的自行车还是汤姆的。

“Does your sister like blue dresses or green ones?” Kate asked. 

“你妹妹喜欢兰色的裙子还是绿色的?”凯特问。

 →Kate asked whether/if my sister liked blue dresses or green ones. 

凯特问我妹妹喜欢兰色裙子还是绿色的。

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