3. After doing these exercises tell students that we not only have to change the tenses of the sentences but also have to change the adverbials of time when using reported speech。
指示代词、时间、地点状语的变化:通常总是由近指改为远指。其规律见下表:
|
直接引语 |
间接引语 |
|
now(现在) |
then(那时) |
|
tonight(今夜) |
that night(那夜) |
|
today(今天) |
that day(那天) |
|
this morning(今天早晨) |
that morning(那天早晨) |
|
yesterday(昨天) |
the day before(前一天) |
|
yesterday
morning(昨天早晨) |
the morning
before(前一天早晨) |
|
tomorrow(明天) |
the
next/following day; the day after(第二天) |
|
last week/month(上星期/上个月) |
the week/month
before(前一个星期/月) |
|
next week/month(下星期/上个月) |
the week/month
after(第二个星期/月) the following week/month |
|
this week/month(本星期/本月) |
that week/month(那个星期/月) |
|
here(这儿) |
there(那儿) |
1. Tell the Ss that we can use reported speech to talk about what someone else said. But we have to pay attention to some rules.直接引语改为间接引语时,引述动词是现在时,则间接引语中的动词、时间、时态的形式不变。例如:She says, “ I’ll never forget the moment变成间接引语为She says that she’ll never forget the moment.但是如引述动词为过去时,间接引语中的动词时态一般要作相应的变化。遵循下列规律:
|
直接引语 |
间接引语 |
|
一般现在时 |
一般过去时 |
|
现在进行时 |
过去进行时 |
|
现在完成时 |
过去完成时 |
|
一般将来时 |
一般过去将来时 |
|
现在完成进行时 |
过去完成进行时 |
|
一般过去时 |
过去完成时 |
Pay attention:直接引语表达的意思是客观真理时,时态不变。如:
The geography teacher said to us,“The earth goes around the sun. ”
→The geography teacher told us that the earth goes around the sun.