题目内容

19．Five years ago，David Smith wore an expensive suit to work every day．"I was a clothes addict（迷），"he jokes．"I used to carry a fresh suit to work with me so I could change if my clothes gotwrinkled（皱的）．"Today David wears casual clothes-khaki pants and a sports shirt-to the office．He hardly ever wears a necktie．"I'm working harder than ever，"David says，"and I need to feel comfortable．"More and more companies are allowing their office workers to wear casual clothes to work．In the United States，the changes from formal to casual office wear have been slow．In the early 1990s，many companies allowed their workers to wear casual clothes on Friday（but only on Friday）．This became known as"dress-down Friday"or"casual Friday"．"What started out as an extra one-day-a-week benefit for workers has really become an everyday thing，"said business adviser Maisly Jones．
Why have so many companies started allowing their workers to wear casual clothes？One reason is that it，s easier for a company to attract new workers if it has a casual dress code．"Alotof youngpeopledon't wantto dressup forwork，"saysthe owner of asoftware company，"so it's hard to hire people if you have a conservative dress code．"Another reason is that people seem happier and more productive when they are wearing comfortable clothes．In a study made by Levi Strauss and Company，85 percent of employers said that casual dress has a positive effect on work．Supporters of casual office wear also say that a casual dress code helps them save money．"Suits are expensive，if you have to wear one every day，"one person said．"For the same amount of money，you can buy a lot more casual clothes．"

28．David Smith refers to himself as having been"a clothes addict"becauseC．
A．he often wore khaki pants and a sports shirt
B．he couldn't stand a clean appearance
C．he wanted his clothes to look tidy and clean all the time
D．he didn't want to spendmuchmoney on clothes
29．The reason why companies allow their workers to wear casual clothes are as follows except thatD．
A．many workers don't like a conservative dress code
B．comfortable clothes make workers more productive
C．a casual clothes code is welcomed by young workers
D．all the employers in the U．S．are for casual office wear
30．According to this passage，"dress-down Friday"means thatC．
A．on Friday，companies will give their workers an extra benefit
B．on Friday，dress-down has become an everyday phenomenon
C．on Friday，companies allow their workers to wear casual clothes as a favor
D．on Friday，many workers want to wear casual clothes to impress people
31．Which of the following clothes is casual wear？A
A．Khaki pants．
B．Suits．
C．Neckties．
D．Tuxedos．

分析 从20世纪90年代起，美国许多公司开始允许员工星期五可以不统一着装上班．现在越来越多的公司许可领员工穿便装上班了，这对调节他们的心情，调动其工作热情有一定的作用．

解答 28．C，推理判断题．它后面一句话就是对该句的解释I used to carry a fresh suit to work with me so I could change if my clothes got wrinkled（皱的），可知大卫自嘲以前是服装爱好者，衣服一起皱，他就得换上备穿的服装，所以选C项．
29．D，细节理解题，根据句子85 percent of employers said that casual dress has a positive effect on work可知，85%的职员支持穿便装，而不是所有职员都支持，故答案为D．
30．C，细节理解题，根据句子In the early 1990s，many companies allowed their workers to wear casual clothes on Friday（but only on Friday）．This became known as"dress-down Friday"or"casual Friday"可知，dress-down Friday意味着在星期五的时候，职员可以穿自己的便装而不用穿职装，故答案为C．
31．A，细节理解题，根据句子Today David wears casual clothes-khaki pants and a sports shirt-to the office可以知道，卡其裤子是属于便装，故答案为A．

点评 解答任务型阅读理解题，首先对原文材料迅速浏览，掌握全文的主旨大意．因为阅读理解题一般没有标题，所以，速读全文，抓住中心主旨很有必要，在速读的过程中，应尽可能多地捕获信息材料．其次，细读题材，各个击破．掌握全文的大意之后，细细阅读每篇材料后的问题，弄清每题要求后，带着问题，再回到原文中去寻找、捕获有关信息．最后，要善于抓住每段的主题句，阅读时，要有较强的针对性．对于捕获到的信息，要做认真分析，仔细推敲，理解透彻，只有这样，针对题目要求，才能做到稳、准．

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69．What can be inferred from the first paragraph？C
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B．fear of flying happens only among people without flying experience．
C．some of the people who need to fly often in their jobs are afraid of flying．
D．stewards and stewardesses don't fear as soon as they board the plane．
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B．Over 30% of people afraid of flying are more concerned about losing control of themselves．
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A．they can't afford to lose their jobs．
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C．Some facts about aviaphobia
D．The definition of aviaphobia．
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29．How many people surveyed don't play with children because of tiredness？B
A．About 333．B．About 419．
C．About 654．D．About 1280．
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9．Imagine there is a glass of water on a table in front of you．It has water in it but it is not full．How do you describe the glass？Do you say it is half full or half empty？
If you say half full，you might be an optimist．If you say half empty，you might be the opposite-a pessimist．
Optimism and pessimism represent your general attitude toward certain situations or life in general．And your attitude toward life may be more important than you think．
A new study suggests that your level of optimism may affect your health．People who are optimistic may live longer than those who are pessimistic．
Researchers at Harvard University's School of Public Health in Boston did the study．They compared women with"a general expectation that good things will happen"to women who were less optimistic．They found that the optimists had a much lower risk of getting several deadly diseases，including cancer，heart disease，stroke，respiratory disease and certain types of infection．
The researchers published their findings in the American Journal of Epidemiology．Epidemiology is the study of how diseases spread and how they can be controlled．
Eric Kim is one of the study leaders．He says there is increasing evidence that strengthening psychological resilience may help prevent disease．With it，it's easier to recover from difficulty or change．Kim says that these new findings suggest that people should make efforts to increase their resilience and optimism．
He says optimism is connected with healthier behaviors and healthier ways of dealing with difficulty．Optimists tend to take better care of themselves by exercising，eating healthy foods and getting enough sleep．
However，the researchers say that healthy behaviors of optimistic people only partly explain the connection with reduced risk of disease．

29．A person who sees a glass of water half full tends toC．
A．have a risk of getting most deadly diseases             
B．meet more good things that she or he has never imagined
C．take positive attitudes to situations and life             
D．like solving any difficulties by taking enough exercise
30．What does the underlined word"resilience"in Paragraph 7 probably mean？D
A．A state of relaxation．
B．A result of optimistic attitude．
C．A way to deal with people．
D．An ability of adaptation．
31．What can be the best title of this passage？B
A．How to Increase Optimism with Simple Methods
B．Looking on the Bright Side Might Help You Live Longer
C．The Study of How Diseases Spread and How to Be Controlled
D．Different Attitudes，Different Results of an Optimist and a Pessimist．

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